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Demonstrating that the use of different time scales, reference dates, and statistical approaches can generate highly disparate results in climate reports, scientists at the University of Alaska Anchorage argue that careful use of these tools is critical for correctly interpreting and reporting climatic trends in Alaska and other polar regions.
In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al.
The US Department of Energy has selected 7 projects to participate in the University Coal Research (UCR) program. University of California, Merced, Calif. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo. Clemson University, Clemson, S.C. DOE award: $298,191).
A study by a team from Carnegie Mellon University and Yale University suggests that BEVs could constitute the majority or near-majority of cars and SUVs by 2030, given widespread BEV availability and technology trends. Their open-access paper is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). —Forsythe et al.
Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories and international collaborators used computational approaches, including explainable machine learning models, to elucidate new high-entropy alloys with attractive hydrogen storage properties and direct laboratory synthesis and validation.
The paper by researchers from Peking University and Environment Canada appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. For the remaining sources, the following fuel consumption data were used: national data from the United Nations Statistics Division (1949?1970); 2007 were used in this study. —Wang et al.
These are some of the findings of a new health assessment based on the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR), an effort by the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project to create the world’s most comprehensive database of surface ozone observations from all available ozone monitoring stations around the globe. Click to enlarge.
The findings, published in the 21 September issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , are generally consistent with official Chinese government statistics and could bolster their credibility as international negotiations proceed on commitments of China and other nations to combat climate change. She completed her Ph.D. Munger, J.
In this plot, a red star under the boxes means that the mean values for hardwood and mixed fuel tests are statistically different for that stove technology class (at the 95% confidence level, p. In this regard, this study highlights the need for repeated tests to confirm statistical significance of mitigation potential.
While a positive trend, this is far from the target set by the International Telecommunication Union (which is to raise the percentage of countries with an e-waste legislation to 50%).
Researchers at Villanova University are developing a new method for optimizing the knock control threshold that significantly improves the performance of a standard knock controller in a spark ignition gasoline engine. The most recent paper on their work appears in the International Journal of Engine Research. —Jones et al.
Parametrix (Auburn, Washington) will apply advanced probabilistic statistical methods to integrate oceanographic, ecological, human use data, stakeholder input, and cumulative impacts for the purpose of evaluating ocean renewable energy siting proposals. Approximate award amount: $499,000 (over three years); Funding agencies: BOEMRE, NOAA.
The two projects are part of a larger multi-year DOE-funded project to develop and to apply innovative simulation strategies and tools to maximize benefits of predictive information from high performance computing (HPC) for internal combustion engines. reciprocating and gas- turbine internal-combustion engines) are widely recognized.
An Independent Panel in the UK led by Lord Oxburgh, who among his other prior duties was the non-executive chairman of Shell, has cleared the University of East Anglia of any scientific impropriety and dishonesty. As with many small research groups their internal procedures were rather informal.
A research project within Volvo Car Corporation in collaboration with the Department of Signals and Systems at Chalmers University of Technology is developing Intersection Support, a system which alerts and automatically brakes for crossing traffic when necessary. Accidents involving wild animals are a major international traffic problem.
However, the underlying data for that analysis (from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics ) are published with a substantial lag. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan. May 2021. -33. June 1-June 12, 2021. -29.
Years of government support for corn farmers—paying Chinese corn producers more than twice the international price level until 2016—have left China with a substantial stockpile. Data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed about 618 million tonnes of grain were produced in 2017, the second highest output recorded.
Emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) showed some statistically significant reductions with higher alcohol fuels, while total hydrocarbons (THC) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) did not show strong fuel effects.
However, the underlying data for that analysis (from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics ) are published with a substantial lag. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan. June 2021. -27. July 1-July 20, 2021. -21.
Persistent organic pollutants are chemicals of substantial international concern. GEOS-Chem captures observed seasonal trends with no statistically significant difference between simulated and measured mean annual concentrations. GEOS-Chem estimates mean atmospheric lifetimes of —Friedman and Selin.
Seventeen measurement stations near Hawaii’s Honolulu International Airport on the island of Oahu collected data at 1-second intervals over the course of a year. The data set is of great interest to utilities, developers of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems, forecasters, system operators, laboratories and universities.
The participants’ data was linked to air pollution measures for their home addresses, from the Small Area Health Statistics Unit, with the researchers focusing on fine particulate matter (equal or less than 2.5 micrometres in diameter, or PM 2.5 ). Chua, Anthony P.
An international research team led by the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research (WIMR) has found that even a sub-chronic low level exposure to particulate matter can have an adverse effect on lung health. —Dr Yik Chan from UTS and WIMR, and co-lead author.
A new white paper from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) assesses which policy actions are behind the regional leading markets in the US for electric vehicles. The base regional unit for the study was the metropolitan statistical area (MSA). The assessment includes promotion actions by state policy (e.g.,
Testing was performed over multiple standard drive cycles—the Combined International Local and Commuter Cycle, the West Virginia University City cycle, and the Central Business District cycle—to evaluate the fuel economy and emissions benefits gained through hybridization. The hybrid group had a cumulative average of 95.5%
An international research study examining the safety performance of US and EU motor vehicles has found differences in performance between the two. To compare risks, the researchers analysed a number of US and EU crash data sources using three statistical approaches to “triangulate” evidence regarding differences in crash and injury risk.
Vastly expanding sugarcane production in Brazil for conversion to ethanol could reduce current global CO 2 emissions by as much as 5.6%, according to a new study by an international team led by researchers from the University of Illinois. The proposed expansion of sugarcane production is within the area that can be legally converted.
China and South Korea have catalyzed their domestic R&D by making significant investments in the S&T research enterprise and enhancing S&T training at universities. The 2014 volume of Science and Engineering Indicators is prepared by NSF’s National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) on behalf of NSB.
Demand for electricity dropped last year in nearly all countries, according to the International Energy Association. student in statistics at the Laboratory of Probability, Statistics, and Modeling , in Paris. Among the many industries impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic were electric utilities. De Vilmarest is a Ph.D.
Geographers from Dartmouth College and the University of Sheffield have provided new insight into the economic geography of commuter megaregions in the US by using an empirical approach that combines visual interpretation with statistical analysis. A commuter flow-based regionalization of the United States. Nelson et al.
Professor John DeCicco at the University of Michigan Energy Institute has grown increasingly critical of the lifecycle analysis methods used to justify and administer biofuel policies. Second, that changes in agricultural NEP related to biofuel production can be accurately estimated from national-level agricultural production statistics.
Researchers at West Virginia University have characterized pump-to-wheels methane emissions from heavy-duty (HD) natural-gas-fueled vehicles and the compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) fueling stations that serve them. Sponsors provided access to vehicles or facilities.
NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers. —Jiang et al.
To make predictions about these future events, Bettinger and Canoy used a combination of historic statistics and predictive modeling through a Monte Carlo simulation. That said, this finding isn’t completely surprising, Bettinger admits, as LEO has a smaller spatial volume with more objects going at higher velocities than in MEO.
According to local media , an audit stemming from an internal investigation has apparently uncovered a scheme in which troopers faked upwards of 26,000 tickets over a seven-year period. It’s no secret that those holding the levers of power sometimes look to such statistics when planning new roadways or adjusting speed limits, for example.
The University of Michigan is collaborating with IBM to develop and deliver “ data-centric ” supercomputing systems designed to increase the pace of scientific discovery in fields as diverse as aircraft and rocket engine design, cardiovascular disease treatment, materials physics, climate modeling and cosmology.
The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), a nonprofit research organization based in Washington, DC, released a report assessing and comparing the fuel efficiency of airlines serving the US domestic market in 2010. Zeinali et al. Click to enlarge. It employs a new methodology, developed by a team of researchers (Zou et al. )
Engineers at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) have developed a new online energy management system (EMS) based on an evolutionary algorithm for plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) that they say can improve PHEV fuel efficiency by more than 30%. Broadly, existing EMS for PHEVs are either rule-based or optimization-based.
Yet nearly one in three engineering jobs will go unfilled each year through 2030, according to a report from the Boston Consulting Group and SAE International. The statistics are even worse among women. The most formal credentials are degrees issued by universities and colleges. million tech jobs in the United States by 2034.
Researchers from Zhejiang University and risk management company Tongdun Technology, both based in Hangzhou, China, have improved crop yield predictions using deep learning techniques. The researchers tested their new method on US soybean yield data published by the National Agricultural Statistics Service.
Although the starch-to-ethanol pathway is similar to that used for corn ethanol, based upon initial calculations from Drexel University, OBE’s winter barley ethanol has the potential to meet the criteria of an Advanced Biofuel as defined by the Renewable Fuel Standard-2 (RFS-2) and the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007).
at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Bovik found his calling: digital image processing. Employer: University of Texas. Alma mater: University of Illinois. For nearly 40 years, he has been a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Texas Cockrell School of Engineering , in Austin.
So it’s surprising to learn that she almost dropped out in her first year of the engineering program at the University of California, Berkeley. “By Strouse is now a math professor at the Institut de Matheématique at the University of Bordeaux, in France. My heart is so much in the university; I can’t imagine ever leaving academia.”
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