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About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.
Urban planners should plant hedges—or a combination of trees with hedges—rather than just relying on roadside trees if they are most effectively to reduce pollution exposure from cars in near-road environments, according to a new study from the University of Surrey.
Average annual percentage of black carbon pollution related to Chinese exports. China is responsible for only a small percentage of the annual pollution in the US, but powerful global winds known as “westerlies” can push airborne chemicals across the ocean in days, particularly during the spring, causing dangerous spikes in contaminants.
New research by George Mason University found that exposure to certain air pollutants is linked to increased emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Jenna Krall led the research with colleagues from Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and the University of Pittsburgh.
The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.
A recently released total fuel cycle analysis for maritime case studies shows that natural gas fuels reduce some air quality pollutants substantially, and reduce major greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions slightly, when compared to conventional petroleum-based marine fuels (low-sulfur and high-sulfur).
A team of researchers from the University of California, Berkeley; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and University of Miami has analyzed the implications of California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) for emissions of greenhouse gases and criteria air pollutants, both in aggregate and in their distribution.
Researchers now report in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology Letters that satellite data from before and during the spring 2020 lockdown in Los Angeles shows that vehicles, rather than agriculture, are the main source of urban airborne ammonia (NH 3 ), which forms small particles that contribute to air pollution and harm human health.
Less traffic on the roads during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK led to a reduction in air pollution but may have caused potentially damaging surface ozone levels to rise, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of York. The 25–75% range is shown by the shaded area. These results are a cautionary tale.
In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5
University of Kentucky Chemistry Professor Marcelo Guzman has received a three-year grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) for research, education and outreach efforts in the field of environmental and atmospheric chemistry. Both types of emissions cause tiny particles to be suspended in air. —Prof. —Prof.
In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.
New York City Clean Air Taxi rules are successful in cutting emissions and reducing air pollution, [link] to a new study by researchers at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Drexel University. exhaust emissions declined by 82% and 49%, respectively. Treat, David Evans, Kimberly R.
The study, set in Singapore, suggests that better air quality will bring about climate co-benefits in reducing electricity generation via lower household demand, and thus mitigating carbon emissions. This is important for policymakers when forecasting and influencing future emissions paths in the context of climate change.
Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University, suggests that carbon capture technologies are inefficient and increase air pollution. However, this research finds that it reduces only a small fraction of carbon emissions, and it usually increases air pollution. A study by Mark Z.
Despite these successes, sulfate levels in the atmosphere have declined more slowly than sulfur dioxide emissions, especially in wintertime. This unexpected phenomenon suggests sulfur dioxide emission reductions are less efficient than expected for cutting sulfate aerosols. These trends are expected to continue.
Consumer products such as shampoo, cleaning products and paint now contribute as much to emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cities as tailpipe emissions from vehicles, according to a new study led by NOAA. Total VOC emission factors for end uses of petrochemical sources in the study. —McDonald et al.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed a small, optical nano-sensor for pollution detection which can be mounted onto an ordinary streetlight. A collaboration with the University of Sheffield is also underway. A collaboration with the University of Sheffield is also underway.
A study by researchers from the National University of Singapore Department of Economics ( NUS Economics ) has found a correlation between pollution and productivity of employees. The study, the first of its kind to examine prolonged exposure to air pollution, was published in the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
Black carbon (BC) from incomplete biomass and fossil fuel combustion is the most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution and a major climate-forcing emission. Air pollution mitigation efforts focusing on reducing combustion pollution are likely to have major benefits for climate and human health.
Since the 1980s, air pollution has increased worldwide, but it has increased at a much faster pace in regions close to the equator. They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane.
In a cohort study of a subset of 2050 newborns from the Children’s Health Study in southern California, researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) found that an increase of 2 standard deviations in prenatal exposure to particulate matter in air pollution was associated with higher newborn total thyroxine (TT4) measures.
In an open-access report in the journal Environmental Pollution , researchers from UCLA and the University of Chicago estimate that California’s wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) emissions from 2020 (~127 mmt CO 2 e ) are approximately two times higher than California’s total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions since 2003.
The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. A key control strategy is to reduce emissions of the limiting reagent.
However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. The aim is to better understand and predict the extent and impact of urban air pollution on Earth’s atmosphere. HALO in-hangar in Taiwan.
Living in a more polluted area is associated with a greater likelihood of having glaucoma, a debilitating eye condition that can cause blindness, according to a new UCL-led study in the UK. Particulate matter exposure is one of the strongest predictors of mortality among air pollutants. micrometres in diameter, or PM 2.5 ).
Now, a new study of children and young adults in Mexico City by a team of researchers at the Universities of Montana, Valle de México, Boise State, Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría and Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research has identified evolving axonal damage using a novel Non-P-Tau assay for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
I recently read a brilliant book, Malcolm Gladwells, Revenge of the Tipping Point that alerted me to the fact that just five per cent of the passenger vehicles on the road produce more than half of all the pollution in the air. Pollution would drop by the same amount as the 10 per cent shift. Ford Falcon.
Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. Procedures are even more common in winter, the most polluted time of year. additional PCIs per week.
Projects will work to lower emissions by leading the expansion of EV charging stations to facilitate the transition from fossil fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. Tennessee Technological University. North Carolina State University. Marquette University. University of Minnesota – Twin Cities. John Deere.
A study by a team from Washington University School of Medicine in St. pollution—even at levels deemed safe—to an increased risk of diabetes globally. Our research shows a significant link between air pollution and diabetes globally. Overall, the researchers estimated that pollution contributed to 3.2
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have found that the air pollution and greenhouse gas costs of shipping crude by rail are nearly twice as large as those for oil pipelines. Air pollution and greenhouse gas damages for transportation by railroad and pipelines to the gulf coast.
Air pollution from vehicle tailpipes isn't just linked to respiratory issues. A University of Washington study has found an association between higher levels of air pollution and higher risk for dementia.
The study looked at water quality regulations and found that local officials more heavily enforced regulations on polluting firms that were monitored and tracked by the central government, while not enforcing regulations on firms not tracked. A 10% reduction in pollution led to a 3% drop in productivity for China’s polluting industries.
A new study led by University of Chicago researchers finds an association between exposure to environmental pollution and an increase in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders. Our studies in the United States and Denmark show that living in polluted areas, especially early in life, is predictive of mental disorders.
A new study is the first to report evidence that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin may lessen the adverse effects of air pollution exposure on lung function. While the mechanism is unknown, the researchers speculate that NSAIDs mitigate inflammation brought about by air pollution. 201905-1003LE.
A two-year study led by researchers at the University of Toronto has found large trucks to be the greatest contributors to black carbon emissions close to major roadways. The difference between emission levels across the sites was more correlated with the number of large trucks on the road rather than number of cars. 8b01914.
Now, in addition to already investigated particle sources such as emissions from heating systems, industry and road traffic, aircraft turbine engine particle emissions have, in the wake of increasing air traffic, also become more important. Image: University of Bern /SR Technics Switzerland AG.
As part of the Horizon 2020 research project CARES (City Air Remote Emission Sensing), an international research consortium is working on new contactless exhaust measurement methods that will enable municipalities to take emission-reducing measures. AUTh (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; GR). Airyx Gmbh (DE).
The federal Clean Air Act and associated environmental regulations have driven steep declines in air pollutionemissions over the past several decades, even as US manufacturers increased production, according to a study by two University of California, Berkeley, economists. —Reed Walker.
In an open access paper in the Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics , researchers at the University of Surrey (UK) have investigated the effect of group riding on cyclists’ exposure to vehicle pollutants. —Schmeer et al. 2023.105333
Among pollutants that are less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5 ), airborne sulfate is one of the most common components of hazy air pollution formed atmospherically via the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). The policymakers should pay attention to when they try to control the emission of NO x. —Prof.
Universal Hydrogen Co. ACIA expects to place 10 firm orders for Universal Hydrogen’s ATR 72 conversion kits with additional purchase rights for 20 more conversion kits of various turboprop types. The conversion consists of a fuel cell electric powertrain that replaces the existing turboprop engines.
The calculated relative amounts of well-to-wheels emissions of greenhouse gases from eight different energy sources are shown in the table below. These results indicate that coal and oil are the energy sources leading to most emissions, and that hydro, wind, and nuclear are the energy sources leading to least emissions.
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