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About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.
This brief study analyses, for each individual state, the changes from 2008 to 2018 in the use of coal (one of the two most polluting energy sources) to generate electricity. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan.
Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. Procedures are even more common in winter, the most polluted time of year. additional PCIs per week.
The reasons were two-fold: (i) increased air pollution led to households staying indoors more to mitigate the pollution impact; and (ii) PM 2.5 pollution led to the closing of windows, and running of air-conditioners and air purifiers more intensively either to reduce indoor particle levels or provide relief from indoor heat.
Zhanqing Li (lead author), Feng Niu and Yanni Ding of the University of Maryland; Jiwen Fan of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Yangang Liu of Brookhaven National Laboratory; and Prof. Daniel Rosenfeld of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In polluted air, more and smaller drops are formed. —Prof.
The approximate linear relationship for each region is notable, suggesting that the dependence of urban NO 2 pollution upon population follows a power law scaling with population. Even though larger cities are typically more energy efficient with lower per-capita emissions, more people still translates to more pollution.) ppb (India).
The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. A key control strategy is to reduce emissions of the limiting reagent.
This brief study analyzes, for each individual state, the changes from 2018 to 2020 in the use of coal (one of the two most polluting energy sources) to generate electricity. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan.
Thus, it is important to identify and quantify the most important human-produced sources of VOC emissions to effectively mitigate air pollution and improve human health, the authors said. Even so, lotions, paints and other products contribute about as much to air pollution as does the transportation sector. McDonald, Joost A.
The federal Clean Air Act and associated environmental regulations have driven steep declines in air pollution emissions over the past several decades, even as US manufacturers increased production, according to a study by two University of California, Berkeley, economists. Shapiro and Reed Walker (2018) “ Why is Pollution from U.S.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has selected nine universities for awards for research projects that will continue to support innovation and development of advanced, lower emission coal technologies. million investment will be leveraged with additional funds from the universities to support $3.1 Brown University.
A team led by Kanazawa University in Japan has developed a cleaner method for the recycling of several rare earths (REs) such as yttrium (Y) and europium (Eu) used as phosphors in fluorescent lamps (FLs). Credit: Kanazawa University.
Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.).
Auburn University researchers are leading a $2-million US Department of Energy Co-Optima project ( earlier post ) that will evaluate renewable butyl acetate (BA) as a bio-based fuel additive that can be blended with diesel fuel to reduce soot and greenhouse gas emissions and yield cleaner engine operation in cold-weather conditions.
The air in the United States and Western Europe is much cleaner than even a decade ago. A new study led by Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), Hokkaido University and the University of Washington explains why. —co-author and leader of SE-Dome ice core project Yoshinori Iizuka, Hokkaido University.
Among the transportation-related elements of US President Barack Obama’s new climate action plan, which he is outlining today in a speech at Georgetown University, is the development of new fuel economy standards for heavy-duty vehicles post-2018. Earlier post.). A proposal for existing plants is due in 2014, with targeted file rule in 2015.
Although EVs have a greater GHG reduction benefit than CNGVs, they may increase life-cycle emissions of criteria pollutants, simply because coal is heavily involved. The original reason for developing EVs and CNGVs is to substitute oil, not to reduce emissions of GHGs or any pollutant. Click to enlarge. —Huo et al.
The researchers found that while EVs do offer a very promising solution to energy issues due to their replacement of petroleum fuels, for now “ the high pollution levels of coal-fired power plants will trade off EVs’ potential energy benefits in China ”. Credit: ACS, Huo et al. Click to enlarge. and NO x emissions.
They did the test in real homes as part of Project Surya, which quantifies the impacts of cleaner cooking technologies in a village in India. Singh, Tanveer Ahmed, Nithya Ramanathan, and Veerabhadran Ramanathan (2012) Real-Time Assessment of Black Carbon Pollution in Indian Households Due to Traditional and Improved Biomass Cookstoves.
million awarded by the Department of Energy to Daimler Trucks North America, headquartered in Portland, and $199 million awarded overall by the DOE to fund 25 projects geared toward putting cleaner cars and trucks on America’s roads and improving the nation’s electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Earlier post.).
Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles. 10 ) of urban air, a fraction known to be enriched with non-tailpipe constituents.
Car users from the world’s least affluent cities are exposed to a disproportionate amount of in-car air pollution because they rely heavily on opening their windows for ventilation, according to a new global study led by researchers at the University of Surrey. This is yet a distant dream in many ODA countries. Nogueira, T.,
The findings of a study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, with colleagues at UC Berkeley, suggest that changing atmospheric NO x levels over the next two decades will likely significantly reduce the effectiveness of stricter new gasoline vehicle emissions standards in reducing concentrations of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
Black carbon (BC) from incomplete biomass and fossil fuel combustion is the most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution and a major climate-forcing emission. Baumgartner and her colleagues measured the daily exposure to different types of air pollutants, including black carbon, in 280 women (mean age 51.9
Replacing all of the oldest, highly polluting school buses in the US could lead to 1.3 million fewer daily absences annually, according to a University of Michigan study. Even relatively short commutes on school buses can dominate students’ daily air pollution exposures. The program is ongoing.
Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (Berkeley Lab) and the University of Hawaii have provided direct experimental evidence for the validity of a proposed mechanism for the first step in the process that transforms gas-phase molecules into solid particles such as soot and other carbon-based compounds.
Air pollution is lower than expected in some of the UK’s towns and cities, despite a return to almost normal traffic levels, according to a new study by researchers at the University of York. The researchers suggest that factors such as staggered commutes and homeworking is reducing congestion, which plays a factor in air pollution.
A consortium brought together by low carbon experts at the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the UK launched the first bus in the UK to run on biomethane gas. The dual-fuel diesel-biomethane powered bus is expected to reduce pollutant emissions and greenhouse gas emissions by around a half. Biomethane bus. Click to enlarge.
A scatter plot of CO, as a tracer for pollution, versus CO 2 , as a tracer for the amount of combustion, for 2002 and 2010. The magnitude of the drop in VOC levels was surprising, even to researchers who expected some kind of decrease resulting from California’s longtime efforts to control vehicle pollution. ppbv/ppmv to 10.7
In a paper published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care , researchers report that children exposed to higher levels of air pollution—even if relatively low—including fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and soot (black carbon), had worse lung function than those living in less polluted areas. mL; -43.9,
—James Turner, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Bourns College of Engineering – Center for Environmental Research and Technology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA. ID-Technologies, Fribourg, Switzerland.
What isn’t often discussed is the potential for EVs to reduce noise pollution. With that in mind, here’s a closer look at EVs and their impact on noise pollution. How Are Automakers Reducing Noise Pollution? Reducing pollution starts with EV production. People can live better lives when the roads are quieter and cleaner.
In “Estimated Excess Morbidity and Mortality Caused by Air Pollution above ATS Recommended Standards, 2011-2013,” published online in the August edition of Annals of the American Thoracic Society , researchers report on the annual health benefits of meeting more protective standards recommended by the ATS for O 3 and PM 2.5.
We’ve been working for a number of years on ways to make engines for cars and trucks cleaner and more efficient, and we’ve been particularly interested in what you can do with spark ignition [as opposed to the compression ignition used in diesels], because it’s intrinsically much cleaner. —Daniel Cohn.
The use of heavy fuel oils (HFOs) contributes to global warming due to the fossil origin of these fuels and, moreover, generating non-negligible emissions of pollutants such as sulfur oxides. Although cleaner fuels are available, many companies opt for HFOs due to their low cost. The participants are Vertoro B.V. (NL);
A team from Northwestern University, with colleagues from UOP LLC, a Honeywell Company; Universita’ degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; Argonne National Laboratory; and Ames Laboratory has developed a new hydrogenation catalyst that is highly selective for benzene, an aromatic—and known carcinogen—that is part of conventional gasoline.
Recent US Supreme Court precedent has opened the door for states to enact laws requiring all new cars sold in the state to be electric as of a certain date, according to a paper by the nonprofit Coltura published in the University of Michigan Journal of Environmental and Administrative Law. Its vision is a gasoline-free US by 2040 or sooner.
A team of atmospheric scientists and environmental engineers from Harvard University and Tsinghua University in Beijing have continuously measured atmospheric CO 2 and carbon monoxide (CO) levels in rural Miyun, about 100 km northeast of Beijing, since November 2004. She completed her Ph.D. Munger, J. McElroy, M. Nielsen, C.
Harvard University recently purchased four Proterra battery-electric buses and electric infrastructure. To achieve this, the University made a commitment that all Harvard-owned vehicles will operate without fossil fuels. Harmful air pollutants will also be reduced providing health benefits to local communities.
Countries seeking to meet Paris Agreement targets on CO 2 emissions must get a grip on the amount of pollution produced at city level, according to a new open-access study published in S cience Advances by an international team of researchers from Europe and China. —Prof Guan.
Located in Menlo Park, California, SLAC is operated by Stanford University for the US Department of Energy Office of Science. A paper on their work is published in the journal Science. How LCLS views surface chemistry (Credit: Hirohito Ogasawara / SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory) Click to enlarge. Resources. Dell’Angela, T. Anniyev, M.
Among the awards is support for a Syracuse University (with BorgWarner of Ithaca) project to prepare, inject and combust supercritical (SC) diesel fuel. Stony Brook University seeks to improve vehicle fuel economy with a thermoelectric generator that would capture energy previously lost through heat exhaust. Earlier post.).
Electric vehicles charged in coal-heavy regions can create more human health and environmental damages from life cycle air emissions than gasoline vehicles, according to a new consequential life cycle analysis by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University. UC stands for uncontrolled charging and CC stands for controlled charging. Weis et al.
A study by a team from the University of British Columbia and Metro Vancouver suggests that optimized operational control strategies for transit bus fleets ultimately offer transit agencies a way to maximize the benefits of their capital investments in new, cleaner technologies. the contact of pollutants and people in space and time).
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