Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2012

Atmospheric chemists at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have found that the phase of secondary organic materials (SOM) in the atmosphere—solid, semisolid, or liquid—can effect their chemical reactivity (chemical aging) in the atmosphere. (Image courtesy of Kuwata Mikinori.) Click to enlarge.

Climate 252

Climate Global Ozone Water 252

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) Up to now, the deposition of HCl and NO y (NO y = NO x + HNO 3 + organic nitrates + inorganic nitrates) onto surfaces has been regarded as a permanent removal mechanism. Raff et al. 2009) Click to enlarge. Raff et al.

Ozone 150

Ozone Pollution 2009 Coal 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2019

The $461,000-project, titled “Heterogeneous Aging Mechanisms of Combustion and Biomass Burning Emissions,” will focus on how gases, such as ozone, react with pollutants emitted from power plants and forest fires. Both types of emissions cause tiny particles to be suspended in air.

Kentucky 207

Kentucky Pollution Grant Universal 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2019

Furthermore, airborne chemicals that originate inside a house don’t stay there: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from products such as shampoo, perfume and cleaning solutions eventually escape outside and contribute to ozone and fine particle formation, making up an even greater source of global atmospheric air pollution than cars and trucks do.

Pollution 207

Pollution Ozone Clean Cleaning 207

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

Emissions are organized by the categories in the AB 32 Scoping Plan. Transportation sector emission sources include combustion of fuels utilized in-state that are used by on-road and off-road vehicles, aviation, rail, and water-borne vehicles, as well as a few other smaller sources. Compared to 2016, California’s GDP grew 3.6%

2017 230

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

succeeded in isolating the simplest CI and reported direct kinetic measurements of its reactions with water, NO, NO 2 , and SO 2. Dr. George Marston from the University of Reading (UK) notes that: The Criegee intermediates (CIs) are central to understanding the reactions of ozone with unsaturated compounds. Welz et al.

Ozone 268

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012 268

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2012

Bromine also can remove ozone from the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere. Despite ozone’s beneficial role blocking harmful radiation in the stratosphere, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant. Bromine then reacts with a gaseous form of mercury, turning it into a pollutant that falls to Earth’s surface.

Mercury 210

Mercury Ozone United Kingdom 2008 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Researchers at Japan’s Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), in a project funded by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), have successfully developed a method to extract oil from algae using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) at room temperature in high yield.

Japan 199

Japan Oil Ozone Coal 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2015

When in the air, these compounds may combine with volatile organic compounds to produce ozone, the main component of smog. In a subsequent laboratory comparison, they found that nitrate disappeared from grime 10,000 times faster than from a water-based solution when both were exposed to artificial sunlight.

Ozone 150

Ozone Germany Canada IDEA 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

These connections arise because in many cases the agents of concern are the same, and in many cases the sources of the agents are the same or intimately connected.For example, surface ozone is both an air pollutant and a greenhouse gas. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs.

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? about 0.6 °C.

Ozone 120

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate 120

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) Eutrophication Potential (kg Phosphates equivalent).

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2010

Researchers at North Carolina State University are developing an ozone-based pre-treatment technique (ozonolysis) to release sugars from the energy grass miscanthus for production into renewable fuels or chemicals with minimal generation of chemical waste streams and degradation of the carbohydrate components. García-Cubero et al.

Ozone 170

Ozone North Carolina Energy 2010 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2013

Because of the large concentration of water in Earth’s atmosphere, Criegee concentrations—and, hence, the tropospheric implications of all Criegee intermediate reactions—depend on knowing the rate constant for reaction with water. Rudolf Criegee, a German chemist, first proposed the mechanism of ozonolysis in the 1950s.

Water 218

Water Universal Ozone Insight 218

Blink Charging

APRIL 21, 2022

Hydroelectric Energy: In common use in Washington State and California, hydroelectric power captures the energy of running water. Some of the effects of pollution, such as depleting the ozone layer, affect both environmental and human health. In fact, the World Health Organization states that 4.6

Green 52

Green Energy Pollution Ozone 52

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

The data were gathered during the CalNex 2010 field study organized by ARB and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The researchers also found that every ship in California waters whose emissions were measured was using low-sulfur fuel.

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

Findings from a recent EPA study titled “Assessment of the Impacts of Global Change on Regional US Air Quality: A Synthesis of Climate Change Impacts on Ground-Level Ozone,” for example, suggest that climate change may lead to higher concentrations of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.

EPA 150

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motor 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

This surge in exploration and production from unconventional sources has been accompanied by public concerns about various environmental issues—including air quality, water quantity and quality, and human health impacts. They then reviewed the available literature on air quality impacts for each of the stages.

Gas 218

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g., 1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. These three gases are all greenhouse gases, and ozone is a surface air pollutant. Dessler et al., Guenther et al.,

Global 230

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The growth in hydrous ethanol, which uses a blend of 94-95% ethanol to 5-6% water, rapidly increased during the 1980s, with consumption peaking in 1989. water content in it and Gasoline C, or E25, which is a mixture of 75% Gasoline A and 25% in volume of anhydrous ethanol (AEAC) with a maximum of 0.4% 40 CFR § 80.27 40 CFR § 80.27(d)

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

The update identifies eight key sectors for ongoing action: Energy; Transportation, fuels, land use and infrastructure; Agriculture; Water; Waste management; Natural lands; Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (such as methane and black carbon); and Green Buildings. Transportation.

Transportation 273

Transportation Emissions California Ozone 273

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 16, 2021

Kelly Wanser Spectrum : Where does the name of the organization come from? We see it as similar to the ozone hole problem, where we really needed a tight, science-based focus on the limits to human inputs to the system--and howthose inputs affected the ozone layer's ability to keep people safe.

Climate 143

Climate Climate Change Mariner Pollution 143

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

60% of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) precursors, 6% of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), and 22% of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. GREET models five groups of air pollutant emissions: NO x ; non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs); primary particulate matter less than 2.5 Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60%

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

The Garcia River Forest (GRF) is the first large working forest owned by a non-profit organization: The Conservation Fund (TCF). Additionally, they have treated 644 road sites to reduce erosion and sediment delivery to the streams, helping to improve water quality and fish habitat. ozone depletion potential (ODP).

Carbon 150

Carbon Personal Store Emissions 150

Cars That Think

JULY 20, 2021

John Snow's 1854 Broad Street map of cholera contagion in London was not only instrumental in identifying lessons learned—the most important being that cholera was transmitted via the water supply—but also in improving policymaking during the crisis. Most organizations delete data after a certain period.

Chad 98

Chad London Iceland Ozone 98

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

The World Health Organization now estimates that in 2012 around 7 million people died—one in eight (12.5%) of total global deaths—as a result of air pollution exposure. The major components of PM are sulfate, nitrates, ammonia, sodium chloride, black carbon, mineral dust and water. The current guideline value is 100 ?g/m

Pollution 358

Pollution Global Ozone Coal 358

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

In general, biofuels made from organic waste are environmentally more benign than those from energy crops. A few studies also include other relevant impact indicators as acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone depletion potential and various toxicity potentials. However very few studies include water use impacts.

Conversion 150

Conversion Water Emissions 2009 150

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 16, 2022

Wanser: So SilverLining is a four-year-old non-profit organization, and we support both research and policy to advance science-based approaches to responding to near-term climate change. One is using what they’re now calling nature-based approaches, but basically organic processes, from growing trees to growing algae to seaweed in the ocean.

Climate 65

Climate IDEA Mariner Carbon 65