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Since the 1980s, air pollution has increased worldwide, but it has increased at a much faster pace in regions close to the equator. They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane.
A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?3
A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.
(Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. removal; it showed about 95 % O 3.
A new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan compared regulated and unregulated emissions from both light-duty passenger car (1.7 They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology.
The FY 2011-2012 plan focused primarily on five areas of interest: sustainable communities; behavior and technology adoption; health and air pollution exposures; air pollution science; and greenhouse gas targets. These regulations have led to considerable improvements in air quality throughout California.
Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced two new proposed federal emissions standards spanning light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles for model year 2027 and beyond. The light-duty vehicle category includes passenger cars and light trucks consistent with previous EPA criteria pollutant and GHG rules.
This despite evidence that suggests air pollution impacts from the transportation sector exceed those from greenhouse gases. … solar, wind, hydroelectric, and nuclear) as compared to the eastern US (EUS), where the electricity market is dominated by pollutant and precursor emitting combustion sources (i.e., —Schnell et al.
Criegee radicals have been impossible to measure until this work carried out at the Advanced Light Source. Our results will have a significant impact on our understanding of the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and have wide ranging implications for pollution and climate change. Carl Percival. —Welz et al. Savee, David L.
As a result of their findings, published in the 30 October issue of the journal Science , the authors argue that assessments of multigas mitigation policies, as well as any separate efforts to mitigate warming from short-lived pollutants, should include gas-aerosol interactions. Similar reactions influence the creation of nitrate aerosols.
Since 2006, all new automobiles and light trucks (pickups, vans and SUVs) are equipped with ORVR systems. Gasoline vapors from refueling, if allowed to escape, can contribute significantly to ground-level ozone, sometimes called smog, as well as to other types of harmful air pollution.
Cars, buses, and trucks release pollutants and greenhouse gases that promote warming, while emitting few aerosols that counteract it. But such efforts are also eliminating some of the cooling effect of such pollution, eliminating a form of inadvertent geoengineering that has likely counteracted global warming in recent decades.
However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. The University of Bremen is the scientific base of the international project known as EMeRGe (Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales).
criteria pollutants—is not affected by the action. The California waiver authority exists because California has uniquely difficult problems with ozone-forming pollutants. The action finalizes parts of the SAFE Vehicles Rule that was first proposed on 2 August 2018. Earlier post.)
Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1 Of the non-road modes (rail and air), light aircraft showed the worst performance per PKT. Chester and Horvath (2009). Click to enlarge.
Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels.
systems in areas classified “Serious,” “Severe,” or “Extreme” for nonattainment of the ozone national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). Since 2006, all new automobiles and light trucks (pickups, vans, and SUVs) are equipped with ORVR. Gasoline vapors also contain toxic air pollutants associated with a variety of health threats.
If you want to be cooler, you would wear a light-colored shirt that would reflect the sun’s warmth. Aboard each aircraft will be a package of instruments to measure aerosol size, number, light absorption and chemical composition. In addition to its impacts on snow and ice, black carbon is an air pollutant.
Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). The Arabian Peninsula loses much more solar power to dust than it does manmade pollutants, Bergin said.
Recent studies have compared emissions of PFI and GDI vehicles, including particle number and mass, gaseous pollutants, and nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) composition for a limited number of compounds. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. Finally, we analyze the potential climate effects of switching a PFI to a GDI fleet.
Illustration of light-duty vehicle sales share by emission certification level projected to be required to meet. The existing LEV II program regulates emissions from new light-duty vehicles, including include all passenger cars, light trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles. proposed NMOG+NO x standards in new LEV III.
BC is a significant component of particulate matter (PM) pollution, which has been linked to adverse health and environmental impacts through decades of scientific research. Clean clouds and non-light-absorbing (transparent) particles scatter or reflect sunlight, reducing the amount of solar energy that is absorbed by the surface.
Volvo Trucks will leverage best practices learned from the Volvo LIGHTS (Low Impact Green Heavy Transport Solutions) project, its collaboration with South Coast AQMD and 13 other organizations to develop an end-to-end blueprint to successfully introduce battery-electric trucks and equipment into the market at scale.
Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). GHG emissions (grams CO 2 -eq)/VMT by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Click to enlarge.
The twenty light-duty gasoline vehicles included a mixture of technologies, such as gasoline direct injection (GDI), port fuel injection (PFI) as well as PFI+GDI fuel systems that are representative of the current California gasoline fleet. The test fleet showed statistically significant effects for some pollutants, but not for others.
In California, the environmental footprint of ports is significant, both because of the volume of activity itself and because they tend to be located in areas that already experience heavy automobile and truck traffic, create smog, particulate matter, and ozonepollution.
As part the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection’s (MoEP’s) action plan to reduce pollution in Haifa Bay in Israel, Israel Police are actively enforcing exclusion rules that bar heavy vehicles in downtown Haifa Bay at certain times of the day. Air pollution, Haifa. —MoEP Director General Yisrael Dancziger.
When in the air, these compounds may combine with volatile organic compounds to produce ozone, the main component of smog. The grime exposed to a “solar simulator” shed more nitrates than the grime left in the dark, suggesting that light can chemically convert nitrogen compounds back into active forms that can return to the atmosphere.
5 million for light-duty plug-in electric vehicle rebates to meet high demand for the Clean Vehicle Rebate Program, administered by the California Air Resources Board. $5 Replacing older, high-polluting buses and vehicles with new CNG buses and vehicles can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 4 million to emerging opportunities.
The bill also directs the President to work with the relevant Federal agencies and California to harmonize, to the maximum extent possible, the federal fuel economy standards, any emission standards promulgated by EPA, and the California standards for light-duty vehicles. light duty vehicles—e.g., Appliance Energy Efficiency.
The report, “ Environmental Assessment of a Full Electric Transportation Portfolio ”, is based on a projection that by 2050 electricity replaces traditional fuels for approximately half of light- and medium-duty transportation and a significant portion of non-road equipment. levels throughout the United States.
Google Street View cars can be equipped with Aclima’s mobile sensing platform to measure nitrogen dioxide; nitric oxide; ozone; carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; methane; black carbon; particulate matter; and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Aclima, Inc.,
ARB staff developed this strategy using a multi-pollutant scenario planning tool ( Vision 2.0 ) that quantifies changes in ozone and PM 2.5 Projected statewide light duty vehicle technology mix. Under current control programs (left) and under the Cleaner Technologies and Fuels scenario (right). Click to enlarge.
Even with a flurry of activity and available funding, though, only about 1% of school buses in the country are currently electric ( matching the approximate percentage of cars and light duty trucks on the road that are electric ). Here are several reasons for school districts to switch to electric buses.
NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Some engine manufacturers may choose to include a light-off SCR catalyst before the DOC in a twin SCR system arrangement with dual urea dosing, to gain experience with the types of strategies that may be needed for lower NO x limits in 2027.
The Colorado Air Quality Control Commission adopted the Colorado Clean Cars standard on Friday, directing manufacturers to make 82 percent of all light-duty vehicles sold electric by 2032, as detailed in a press release. They also do not apply to used vehicles or those used for things like construction or agriculture.
In light of this situation, there's increasing talk of actions that governments can take beyond reducing greenhouse gas emissions—actions that could either remove existing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere or reduce the amount of sunlight coming into the atmosphere. by spewing pollution into the air.
Volkswagen sold about 590,000 vehicles equipped with devices that defeated their pollution control features, leading to increased emissions of oxide. In each case, the new engines will reduce oxide emissions and other pollutants like sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate. million appeared first on SETEC POWER.
Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming. Most of our droplets are smaller than the wavelength of light, precluding non-contact measurements based on light scattering.
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.
issued its final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone to 70 parts per billion (ppb) from 75 ppb to protect public health. Ground-level ozone forms when nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the air. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Jacobson used a computer model of global climate, air pollution and weather that he developed over the last 20 years and updated to include additional atmospheric processes to analyze how soot can heat clouds, snow and ice. Black carbon can also absorb light reflecting from the surface, which helps make it such a potent warming agent.
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved a plan to mitigate statewide harm from more than 10,000 tons of smog-causing pollutants released in the state due to Volkswagen’s (VW) use of illegal “defeat devices” in diesel passenger cars. More than 10 million Californians live in areas in extreme non-compliance areas for ozone.
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