Comparison, Resource and Water

Pitt engineers using membrane distillation to recycle water used in fracking and drilling

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2022

Engineers at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering are using membrane distillation technology to enable drillers to filter and reuse the produced water in the oil and gas industry, in agriculture, and other beneficial uses. The method is already being tested in Texas, North Dakota, and most recently in New Stanton, Pa.

Water

Water North Dakota Oil-Sands Engine

New electrokinetic mining technology for recovering rare earth elements from weathering crusts

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2022

The technique exerts a voltage on the top and bottom of the IAD, which generates an electric field to accelerate REE and water migration toward the cathode. c, Comparison between conventional leaching and the EKM technique and schematic of the AIP process. I, current. Wang et al. —Prof. —Prof.

Water

Water Green Chinese Industrial

Review of co-processing of biocrudes in oil refineries

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2023

The major compound groups in FPBO are water (20–25 wt %), carboxylic acids (∼ 5 wt %), aldehydes, ketones, and furfurals (25 wt %), sugar-like material (30–35 wt %), and lignin-derived compounds (20 wt %). In HTL, wet feedstock is liquefied in a hot (250–374 °C) and pressurized (4–22 MPa) water environment into biocrude oil.

Oil

Oil Fuel Water Finland

Hatch report finds NOVONIX dry cathode synthesis process offers cost and waste reduction improvements

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2023

Hatch was commissioned to conduct a commercial-scale capital and operating cost comparison study, as well as a high-level evaluation of plant emissions and impacts to natural resources between NOVONIX’s patent-pending process and the conventional wet process.

Waste

Waste Lithium Ion Sodium Water

Honda to advance fuel cell system as core of its hydrogen business; expansion to other areas; new FCEV in 2024

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 2, 2023

With the next-generation fuel cell system being co-developed with General Motors (GM), Honda will aim to more than double the durability and reduce the cost to one-third, in comparison to the fuel cell system installed in the 2019 Honda Clarity Fuel Cell.

Honda

Honda Hydrogen Fuel North America

New version of Argonne lifecycle model for water footprint of biofuels now includes cellulosic feedstocks

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2015

of the online tool Water Assessment for Transportation Energy Resources ( WATER ) this week. This latest version of WATER allows, for the first time, biofuels manufacturers to analyze water consumption associated with use of cellulosic feedstocks such as residue left from lumber production and other wood-based resources.

Water

Water Conversion Carbon Fuel

HZB, 3M team explores water management in PFIA membranes for fuel cells; better performance at higher temps and low humidity

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2017

These additional acidic sites on each hydrophilic side chain provide additional protons for the proton transport and allow for the formation of larger water channels. The water management in the PFIA membrane is of interest, since it is crucial for the performance of the fuel cell: in order to function it needs to be humid but never wet.

Water

Water Fuel Hydrogen Low Cost

NREL: Untapped potential exists for blending hydropower, floating PV

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

The researchers estimate that adding floating solar panels to bodies of water that are already home to hydropower stations could produce as much as 7.6 Rather, it is an upper-bound estimate of feasible resources that considers waterbody constraints and generation system performance. terawatt-hours of potential annual generation.

Solar

Solar Portugal Renewable Hybrid

Researchers produce hydrogen from water and charcoal mix at room temperature using laser pulses

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2013

Researchers at Wakayama University in Japan have produced a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas by irradiating a mixture of carbon powder and distilled water with intense nanosecond laser pulses at room temperature. Photographs of a bottled mixture of Bincho-tan powder and water (a) before, (b) during, and (c) after irradiation.

Water

Water Hydrogen Carbon Gas

Study finds perennial biofuel crops’ water consumption similar to corn

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2015

Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to the sum total of water lost while the plant is growing, either from evaporation through the plant stem itself (a process called “transpiration”), or from water evaporated off of the plant’s leaves or the ground. —Hamilton et al.

Water

Water Climate Change Climate Environment

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2012

Bitumen production from the Canadian oil sands provides a point of reference that could be used to observe and better manage the land and water impacts of a rapid transition to unconventional fuels, suggests Dr. Sarah Jordaan of the Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Water Oil Fuel

LBNL, Nissan researchers explore ethanol internal reforming in SOFCs for vehicle applications

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2020

The e-Bio Fuel Cell system featured an an SOFC stack and an on-board reformer to convert 100% ethanol or ethanol-blended water (55% water, 45% ethanol) to hydrogen. Dilution of ethanol with water increases safety, and is expected to suppress anode coking by increasing the steam-to-carbon ratio. … Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

International

International Nissan Hydrogen Vehicles

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

The internally funded advancement successfully reduced heavy-duty diesel engine nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions to meet the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 2027 standards. Today’s diesel engines use selective catalytic reduction (SCR) to abate NO x emissions. DEF—a 32.5 —Wheeler et al. Wheeler, S., and Henry, C.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine

Study reports non-US global shale gas recoverable resources of 5,760 Tcf; global shale gas boosts total recoverable natural gas resources by 40%

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2011

Initial assessments of 48 shale gas basins containing almost 70 shale gas formations in 32 countries suggest that shale gas resources, which have recently provided a major boost to US natural gas production, are also available in other world regions. A new EIA-sponsored study by Advanced Resources International, Inc. Click to enlarge.

Gas

Gas Global Argentina United States

ARPA-E adds five new funding topics to FOA to advance critical energy innovation

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2020

The global demand for critical materials (CMs) and other metals continues to grow while their production from primary ore resources is limited. With nearly 2 billion tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated globally, this feedstock may constitute the largest resource for the recovery of CMs and other metals.

Energy

Energy Waste Carbon Emissions

Researchers design nanoparticles for cost-effective hydrogen production process

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2019

Researchers at the University of Arkansas, with colleagues from Brookhaven National Lab and Argonne National Lab, have found that nanoparticles composed of nickel and iron are more effective and efficient than other more costly materials when used as catalysts in the production of hydrogen fuel through water electrolysis. —Manso et al.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Design Arkansas Production

UC Davis ITS researchers take a detailed look at water consumption and withdrawal requirements for ethanol

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2011

Water consumption intensity of ethanol from corn grain and crop residue and the avoided/displaced water use credits assigned to coproducts: DGS and electricity. In their paper, Mishra and Yeh analyze the lifecycle water requirement consumption and withdrawal requirements of ethanol produced from corn and from crop residue.

Water

Water Davis Oil-Sands Nebraska

Chalmers study finds ship exhaust gas scrubbers responsible for up to 9% of certain hazardous emissions into Baltic Sea

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2022

New research from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, finds that the discharge water from ships’ exhaust gas treatment systems—i.e., Comparison of loads (kg/year) of PAHs from direct discharges from ships and atmospheric deposition to the Baltic Sea. Ytreberg et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Mariner Gas

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. The Carculator graphically presents these values for all selected vehicles in parallel, for ease of comparison. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.].

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Single Pt atom catalysts show enhanced catalytic activity for water-splitting; potential to drive down electrolysis cost

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 12, 2016

A research team from University of Western Ontario, McMaster University and Beijing Computational Science Research Center has developed an effective synthesis method to produce isolated single platinum (Pt) atoms and clusters for use as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting to produce hydrogen.

Water

Water Hydrogen Insight Universal

U Delaware team demonstrates efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for vehicles

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2019

The researchers started by analyzing the economics of hydrogen-, nitrogen-, and carbon-based fuels made by carbon-neutral pathways in a post-fossil world in which only water, air, and renewable electricity are available for fuel synthesis. Source-to-tank cost comparison of carbon-neutral transportation fuels. Zhao et al.

Delaware

Delaware Fuel Hydrogen Vehicles

Berkeley researchers propose salted biomass as scalable, economical and stable carbon capture and storage solution

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2023

A key role is played by dual layers of high density polyethylene adding up to 4 mm thickness, as a water diffusion barrier. This is measured by “water activity,” a quantity similar to relative humidity. By comparison, some direct air capture and carbon dioxide gas sequestration strategies cost US$600 per tonne.) In 1 y, PNAS.

Carbon

Carbon Climate Water Gas-Electric

Study: Energy sorghum may combine best of annual, perennial bioenergy crops

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2021

Now, a study by researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE) Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) has found that energy sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) behaves more like miscanthus in the way it efficiently captures light and uses water to produce abundant biomass. Energy sorghum falls somewhere in between.

Energy

Energy Water Illinois Carbon

Study finds relying on “local food” a distant dream for most of the world

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2020

In comparison, the global average is about 3,800 kilometers. In the case of maize and tropical roots, the proportion was only 11-16%, which Kinnunen says displays the difficulty of relying solely on local resources. There are big differences between different areas and the local foliage. —Pekka Kinnunen, lead author.

Universal

Universal Global Waste North America

ICL briefing paper estimates that 52% of all small particle pollution from road transport comes from tires and brakes

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2023

Despite this, research on the environmental and health impacts of tire wear has been neglected in comparison to the research and innovations dedicated to tackling fuel emissions. Tire wear particles pollute the environment, the air we breathe, the water run-off from roads and has compounding effects on waterways and agriculture.

Pollution

Pollution Transportation London Environment

PNNL study finds that PHEVs and BEVs could serve as feasible resource to offset grid imbalances caused by integration of large amounts of intermittent wind generation

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2011

trafficThis scenario is currently less desirable to automotive manufacturers, but provides an additional resource benefit to PHEV/BEVs by theoretically doubling their capacity value to the grid. A comparison between Level 1 and Level 2 charging revealed very little differences. a public to residential charging station ratio of 1:10).

Wind

Wind Grid PHEV Power Grid

USGS finds US aquifers being drawn down at accelerating rate

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2013

Groundwater Depletion in the United States (1900-2008) comprehensively evaluates long-term cumulative depletion volumes in 40 separate aquifers (distinct underground water storage areas) in the United States, bringing together reliable information from previous references and from new analyses. For comparison, 9.2

2008

2008 2000 Water United States

U Toronto and Fujitsu team use quantum-inspired computing to discover improved catalyst for hydrogen production

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2022

Green hydrogen is a carbon-free method that uses an electrolyzer to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. The low efficiency of available electrolyzers means that most of the energy in the water-splitting step is wasted as heat, rather than being captured in the hydrogen. —Hitarth Choubisa, co-lead author. 2022.11.031.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Production Store Design

New Audi paintshop at Ingolstadt; heating energy & water per car down by 20%, CO2 by 30%, VOCs by 90%; bell-bell

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 22, 2016

The new paint shop incorporates technologies such as air recirculation, dry separation and exhaust air cleaning that enable a significant reduction in the use of resources. Heating energy and water consumption per car are reduced by 20%. —Prof.

Audi

Audi Water Energy CO2

TU Berlin team develops multifunctional catalyst for ORR and OER for fuel cells or rechargeable metal-air batteries

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

A team from Technische Universität Berlin now reports developing cobalt-manganese-based (CoMn 2 O 4 and MnCo 2 O 4 ) spinel microspheres as highly efficient multifunctional catalysts that unify the electrochemical OER with oxidant-driven and photocatalytic water oxidation as well as the ORR. —Menezes et al. Menezes, P. Sahraie, N.

Recharge

Recharge Fuel Batteries Battery

NUS-led research team develops cost-effective technique for mass production of high-quality graphene; 50x less solvent

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2018

Preparation of ultra-high concentration graphene in water. b) New non-dispersion strategy for graphene production in water. Pretreated graphite is exfoliated by high-rate shearing and subsequently flocculated in alkaline water, producing graphene slurry on a large scale (100? g), high yield (82.5?wt%),

Production

Production Water Singapore Universal

Global Bioenergy Partnership publishes report on 24 sustainability indicators for bioenergy: electricity, heat and transport

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The report represents the first global, government-level consensus on sustainability indicators for bioenergy and is intended as a resource in helping countries assess and develop sustainable production and use of bioenergy for electricity, heat and transport. Harvest levels of wood resources. Water use and efficiency.

Transportation

Transportation Global Water Pollution

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Geely Auto has invested significant resources in the development and promotion of methanol-fueled engines and vehicles over a long period and has already made progress with this technology in China. Their results showed that in comparison with gasoline mode, CO emitted in methanol mode decreased 11.2%. Earlier post.). Earlier post.)

Renewable

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85. GW = global warming; Eut. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

Comprehensive LCA report from Ricardo on behalf of EC confirms environmental benefits of electrified powertrains

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

In addition to greenhouse gas emissions, the report also assesses a number of other environmental impact categories, ranging from resource use, including cumulative energy consumption, mineral and metal resource depletion and water scarcity, to airborne pollutant emissions (like particulates and nitrogen oxides), and human- and eco-toxicity.

Sustainable Transportation

Sustainable Transportation Fuel Renewable Climate

New halogen conversion-intercalation chemistry enables high-energy density aqueous Li-ion battery

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2019

The use of ‘water-in-salt’ electrolytes has considerably expanded the electrochemical window of aqueous lithium-ion batteries to 3 to 4 volts, making it possible to couple high-voltage cathodes with low-potential graphite anodes. ) in graphite, a composite electrode containing equimolar lithium halide salts (LiBr) 0.5 (about 4.0 V) and Cl ?

Li-ion

Li-ion Conversion Energy Batteries

Studies find oil sands-derived crude oil no more corrosive in pipelines than other crudes

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2012

crude from the oil sands) is no more corrosive in transmission pipelines than other crudes, according to Natural Resources Canada (NRC). In the absence of water, the crude oil is noncorrosive. Both scientific research and industrial experience have found that bitumen-derived crude oil (i.e., —ASTM G205. by volume.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Water Canada

U Delaware team develops prototype efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for transportation

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

However, the scale of biofuels is limited by their environmental footprint, considering the land and water usage. Source-to-Tank cost comparison of carbon-neutral transportation fuels. The technical potential of wind and solar energy is vast, and such fuels are scalable beyond foreseeable needs. —Zhao et al. Zhao et al.

Delaware

Delaware Transportation Fuel Hydrogen

Sulfonated graphene as catalyst for dehydration of xylose to furfural

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2011

A team from the Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, reports on the use of graphene, graphene oxide, sulfonated graphene, and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) for the dehydration of xylose to furfural in water in a paper published in the journal Carbon. Earlier post.). —Lam et al. Edmond Lam, Jonathan H.

Water

Water Canada Carbon 2011

PNNL study finds algal oil could replace 17% of US petroleum oil imports

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

The study also found that shows that water use for algae cultivation is much less if algae are grown in the US regions that have the sunniest and most humid climates: the Gulf Coast, the Southeastern Seaboard and the Great Lakes. The paper is published in the journal Water Resources Research. gallons of water per mile driven.

Oil

Oil Water South Carolina Climate

Lifecycle Study Finds Algae as Bioenergy Feedstock Has Higher Environmental Impacts than Conventional Crops in Energy Use, GHG Emissions, and Water Use; The Importance of Using Waste Streams

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Terrestrial bioenergy feedstock crops such as switchgrass, canola and corn have lower environmental lifecycle impacts than algae in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and water regardless of cultivation location, according to a new lifecycle assessment by researchers at the University of Virginia. 0.4 ± 0.05. 1.8 ± 0.58. 3.3 ± 0.86.

Water

Water Waste Energy Emissions

DOE study on domestic natural gas in the energy supply chain

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2012

The US’ large resource base of natural gas can be used for cost-effective power generation, with environmental burdens coming primarily from fuel combustion, not resource extraction, according to a new Department of Energy (DOE) study. Historically, the price of natural gas has been volatile.

Gas

Gas Supplies Energy Gas-Electric

Univ. of Regina researchers propose new enhanced heavy oil recovery process for Western Canada

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 18, 2013

Canada, as is well known, has massive untapped heavy oil and bitumen resources, much of it located in Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. 2007) Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological basins of the world: U.S. However, the researchers note, for the reservoir with thin net-pay—i.e., 2013.07.043. Meyer, R.F.,

Oil

Oil Canada 2007 Water

Ecolectro secures $1.7M ARPA-E award for development of alkaline exchange membranes and ionomers for fuel cells and electrolyzers

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2018

Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) that are assembled with alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs) have several significant advantages in comparison to state-of-the-art proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). (1) 2) Oxidation of direct alcohol fuels (e.g., methanol and ethanol) is also significantly faster in AFCs. (3) Wei You, Kristina M.

Polymer

Polymer Fuel New York Hydrogen

Pitt engineers using membrane distillation to recycle water used in fracking and drilling

New electrokinetic mining technology for recovering rare earth elements from weathering crusts

Review of co-processing of biocrudes in oil refineries

Hatch report finds NOVONIX dry cathode synthesis process offers cost and waste reduction improvements

Honda to advance fuel cell system as core of its hydrogen business; expansion to other areas; new FCEV in 2024

New version of Argonne lifecycle model for water footprint of biofuels now includes cellulosic feedstocks

HZB, 3M team explores water management in PFIA membranes for fuel cells; better performance at higher temps and low humidity

NREL: Untapped potential exists for blending hydropower, floating PV

Researchers produce hydrogen from water and charcoal mix at room temperature using laser pulses

Study finds perennial biofuel crops’ water consumption similar to corn

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

LBNL, Nissan researchers explore ethanol internal reforming in SOFCs for vehicle applications

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

Study reports non-US global shale gas recoverable resources of 5,760 Tcf; global shale gas boosts total recoverable natural gas resources by 40%

ARPA-E adds five new funding topics to FOA to advance critical energy innovation

Researchers design nanoparticles for cost-effective hydrogen production process

UC Davis ITS researchers take a detailed look at water consumption and withdrawal requirements for ethanol

Chalmers study finds ship exhaust gas scrubbers responsible for up to 9% of certain hazardous emissions into Baltic Sea

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Single Pt atom catalysts show enhanced catalytic activity for water-splitting; potential to drive down electrolysis cost

U Delaware team demonstrates efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for vehicles

Berkeley researchers propose salted biomass as scalable, economical and stable carbon capture and storage solution

Study: Energy sorghum may combine best of annual, perennial bioenergy crops

Study finds relying on “local food” a distant dream for most of the world

ICL briefing paper estimates that 52% of all small particle pollution from road transport comes from tires and brakes

PNNL study finds that PHEVs and BEVs could serve as feasible resource to offset grid imbalances caused by integration of large amounts of intermittent wind generation

USGS finds US aquifers being drawn down at accelerating rate

U Toronto and Fujitsu team use quantum-inspired computing to discover improved catalyst for hydrogen production

New Audi paintshop at Ingolstadt; heating energy & water per car down by 20%, CO2 by 30%, VOCs by 90%; bell-bell

TU Berlin team develops multifunctional catalyst for ORR and OER for fuel cells or rechargeable metal-air batteries

NUS-led research team develops cost-effective technique for mass production of high-quality graphene; 50x less solvent

Global Bioenergy Partnership publishes report on 24 sustainability indicators for bioenergy: electricity, heat and transport

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Comprehensive LCA report from Ricardo on behalf of EC confirms environmental benefits of electrified powertrains

New halogen conversion-intercalation chemistry enables high-energy density aqueous Li-ion battery

Studies find oil sands-derived crude oil no more corrosive in pipelines than other crudes

U Delaware team develops prototype efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for transportation

Sulfonated graphene as catalyst for dehydration of xylose to furfural

PNNL study finds algal oil could replace 17% of US petroleum oil imports

Lifecycle Study Finds Algae as Bioenergy Feedstock Has Higher Environmental Impacts than Conventional Crops in Energy Use, GHG Emissions, and Water Use; The Importance of Using Waste Streams

DOE study on domestic natural gas in the energy supply chain

Univ. of Regina researchers propose new enhanced heavy oil recovery process for Western Canada

Ecolectro secures $1.7M ARPA-E award for development of alkaline exchange membranes and ionomers for fuel cells and electrolyzers

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