Carbon, Emissions, Future and Ozone

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

Oregon EQC approves Clean Trucks Rule

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2021

Under the ACT Rule, Oregon requires medium- and heavy-duty vehicle manufacturers to sell zero-emission vehicles as a certain percentage of sales, beginning with the 2025 vehicle model year. In Oregon, heavy-duty trucks and buses are responsible for nearly 23% of total transportation sector greenhouse gas emissions.

Oregon

Oregon Clean Cleaning Ozone

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. The identified measures complement, but do not replace, anticipated carbon dioxide reduction measures.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced two new proposed federal emissions standards spanning light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles for model year 2027 and beyond. Together, the proposals would reduce oil imports by approximately 20 billion barrels.

EPA

EPA Light Standards Emissions

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

EPA Climate Change Adaptation Plan sees likely increase in tropospheric ozone, with more difficulty in attaining NAAQS in many areas

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2013

Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozone pollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate EPA

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

This continued shorter-term cooling response caused by certain emissions does not negate the necessity for reductions in CO 2 emissions, which are crucial to limiting the long-term warming impact of the sector, the researchers cautioned. of the total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions in that year.

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

CARB approved the State Strategy for the State Implementation Plan ( State SIP Strategy ), which describes CARB’s commitment for further reducing vehicle emissions needed to meet federal air quality standards over the next 15 years. emissions by more than 20%. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate

Climate California Ozone Pollution

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. giga tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO 2 eq) (2.2%) per year from 2000 to 2010 compared to 0.4 Click to enlarge.

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

Mayor of Paris and Chair of C40 Cities Anne Hidalgo and Mayor of London Sadiq Khan announced they are working together to create schemes to score new cars based on their real-world emissions and their impact on air quality and to provide that data in an accurate and accessible form to the public. Earlier post.). Source: The ICCT.

London

London Emissions The Fia Foundation Pollution

United States and China agree to work together on phasing down HFCs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2013

A global phase down of HFCs could potentially reduce some 90 gigatons of CO 2 equivalent by 2050, equal to roughly two years worth of current global greenhouse gas emissions. While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases.

United States

United States Ozone China Climate Change

European Parliament calls for fast action to cut non-CO2 climate forcers

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2011

The European Parliament is calling for fast action to reduce non-CO 2 climate forcers including black carbon soot, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), methane, and ground-level ozone, which together are responsible for nearly half of climate forcing. Even cutting CO 2 emissions to zero today will not produce cooling for a thousand years.

Climate

Climate Ozone Bangladesh CO2

USDOT FTA announces $182M in Low-No grants for transit vehicles & facilities nationwide

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2021

The US Department of Transportation’s (USDOT) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) announced approximately $182 million in funding for low- and no-emissions buses and the facilities that support them. The community seeks to reduce carbon monoxide pollution to improve air quality and quality of life in their EPA-designated non-attainment area.

Grant

Grant Kansas City Vehicles Chicago

US, China, and G-20 agree to work to global phase down of HFCs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2013

While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases whose use is growing rapidly as replacements for ozone-depleting substances being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Left unabated, HFC emissions could grow to nearly 20% of carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, a serious climate mitigation concern.

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia Ozone China Brunei

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., 2013 found that the ratio of non-exhaust to exhaust particles is strongly increasing in the last two decades, due to exhaust emission reductions. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. earlier post ).

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

Perhaps even more importantly, the study offers some quantifiable, granular data about how much electric vehicles are impacting emission rates in the here and now, not in the foreseeable future. For vehicle emission rates, those numbers dropped 2.6% Not that these numbers will blow you away, mind you, but still, it’s good news.

San Francisco

San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Eventually, they’ll add equipment to spray tiny aerosol particles of calcium carbonate, the compound found in limestone, blackboard chalk, and Tums antacids. cancel the launch.

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. Emission standard. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? emissions). emissions). The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.)

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60% Credit: ACS, Tessum et al. Click to enlarge. —Tessum et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

The California Air Resources Board released the draft proposed first update to the AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. Background. Transportation.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions California Ozone

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. We infer recent SGHG emissions and examine the impact of future emissions scenarios, with a particular focus on proposals to reduce HFC use under the Montreal Protocol.

Climate

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

Following this BAU scenario, the researchers projected that air quality for the global average citizen in 2050 would be almost comparable to that for the average citizen in East Asia in the year 2005—an outcome which underscores the need to pursue emission reductions, according to the authors. Resources. Zimmermann, U.M. Doering, J.

India

India Global 2005 Asia

PowerTrain to pay $2M penalty for selling nearly 80K engines that failed to meet Clean Air Act standards

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2011

The engines also lacked two-year emissions-related warranties, as required by law. Under the settlement, PowerTrain will implement a plan to ensure that the engines and equipment they import in the future comply with Clean Air Act requirements. It can also worsen bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.

Clean

Clean Cleaning District of Columbia Standards

PowerTrain to pay $2M penalty for selling nearly 80K engines that failed to meet Clean Air Act standards

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2011

The engines also lacked two-year emissions-related warranties, as required by law. Under the settlement, PowerTrain will implement a plan to ensure that the engines and equipment they import in the future comply with Clean Air Act requirements. It can also worsen bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.

Clean

Clean Cleaning District of Columbia Standards

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Results of the study suggest that soot is second only to carbon dioxide in contributing to global warming. Jacobson found that the combination of the two types of soot is the second-leading cause of global warming after carbon dioxide. He also found that soot emissions kill more than 1.5 Jacobson at Stanford University.

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. database) from another global inventory for the year 1996.

Climate

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

In particular, the study led by Drew Shindell found that methane emissions have a larger warming impact due to those interactions than accounted for in current carbon-trading schemes or in the Kyoto Protocol. And hydroxyls drive long chains of reactions involving other common gases, including ozone. Shindell et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

Widespread adoption of electric transportation, including electrification in the off-road sector, could lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and could modestly improve air quality, according to a new analysis released by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

EPRI

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles

NASA Administrator Bolden Highlights Importance of Green Aviation to Future of NASA

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2010

Keynote presentations by leading policymakers as well as detailed technical presentations and panel discussions are focusing on state-of-the-art and emerging technologies that can reduce aircraft noise, emissions and fuel consumption and ensure the safe and manageable growth of the aviation system.

Green

Green Future Chevron 2015

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Illustration of light-duty vehicle sales share by emission certification level projected to be required to meet. The California Air Resources Board (ARB) is developing a proposal for more stringent emission requirements—i.e., Super Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle (SULEV). proposed NMOG+NO x standards in new LEV III.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet California Vehicles

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

Radiative forcing due to perpetual constant year 2000 emissions grouped by sector for 2020 (left) and 2100 (right) showing the contribution from each species. This approach will make it easier to identify sectors for which emission reductions will be most beneficial for climate and those which may produce unintended consequences.”.

Transportation

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2016

Since plants absorb CO 2 from the atmosphere during their lifespan, such bio-materials achieve an estimated 20% reduction in material lifecycle carbon emissions in comparison to conventional petroleum-based hydrin rubber. Jointly developed by Toyota, Zeon Corporation , and Sumitomo Riko Co., Vacuum sensing hose production process.

Toyota

Toyota Engine Ozone Automobile Manufacturer

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. It has been a challenge to determine how much each polluter contributes to the emission output. The majority of the emissions is caused by diesel cars. —Thomas Karl.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. The burning of coal releases more carbon dioxide than other fossil fuels, as well as comparatively high levels of other pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particles such as ash.

Coal

Coal Climate Gas Global

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2011

Development of sustainable communities strategies can also provide an opportunity for associated criteria pollutant emission reductions that will be needed to attain air quality standards for ozone and particulate matter as well as reduce near-roadway exposures.

Pollution

Pollution 2012 California 2013

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

The proposed cause or contribute finding concludes that that the combined emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and HFCs from new motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines contribute to the atmospheric concentrations of these key greenhouse gases and hence to the threat of climate change. Tags: Climate Change Emissions Policy.

EPA

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motor

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2009

Energy consumption and GHG emissions per PKT (passenger kilometer travelled). Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1 The vehicle operation components are shown with gray patterns.

Light

Light Emissions Energy Boston

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Oregon EQC approves Clean Trucks Rule

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

EPA Climate Change Adaptation Plan sees likely increase in tropospheric ozone, with more difficulty in attaining NAAQS in many areas

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

United States and China agree to work together on phasing down HFCs

European Parliament calls for fast action to cut non-CO2 climate forcers

USDOT FTA announces $182M in Low-No grants for transit vehicles & facilities nationwide

US, China, and G-20 agree to work to global phase down of HFCs

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

PowerTrain to pay $2M penalty for selling nearly 80K engines that failed to meet Clean Air Act standards

PowerTrain to pay $2M penalty for selling nearly 80K engines that failed to meet Clean Air Act standards

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

NASA Administrator Bolden Highlights Importance of Green Aviation to Future of NASA

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

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