Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2013

The world’s consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 Between 2008 and 2012, Asia’s consumption increased by 4.4 In 2011 and 2012, higher oil prices and increased fuel efficiency of light-duty vehicles contributed to reduced US consumption.

North America 261

North America 2012 America Europe 261

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2012

The federal subsidy significantly favors larger battery packs to a stronger degree than their potential for additional gasoline savings. Peterson and Michalek 2012. Non-domestic charging infrastructure is generally not necessary for operation of PHEVs, and substantial gasoline displacement can be achieved solely with home charging.

Gasoline 308

Gasoline PHEV Gasoline-Electric Batteries 308

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2017

In its latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that US crude oil production, which averaged an estimated 8.9 For summer 2017, EIA forecasts motor gasoline consumption to average 9.5 of total gasoline consumption. million barrels per day (b/d) in 2016, will average 9.2

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Production Gasoline-Electric Oil 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2012

Knittel/Smith results for implied gasoline price effects from elimination of ethanol for 2010 using Du/Hayes model and pooled-sample estimates. Source: Knittel and Smith (2012). t margin for oil refiners. We encourage similar skepticism about the estimated effect of ethanol on gasoline prices generated from these models.

Davis 334

Davis MIT Gasoline 2010 334

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2012

US gasoline demand this summer is expected to be the lowest in 11 years, while the average summer fuel price is forecast to be at a record level, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). US gasoline consumption is forecast to average almost 8.8 less than 2007’s record summer gasoline demand of 9.4

Gasoline 247

Gasoline Price 2001 Oil Prices 247

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2013

Crude oil imports from the top five foreign suppliers to the United States—which in 2012 were Canada, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Venezuela, and Iraq, in that order—accounted for almost 72% of total US net crude oil imports, the highest proportion since 1997, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Saudi Arabia 262

Saudi Arabia Oil Iraq Venezuela 262

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2013

Gasoline demand fell 3.9% from April 2012 to its lowest April level since 2000. Consumer confidence has improved and distillate deliveries are up, but gasoline demand remains weak. Gasoline demand averaged 8.5 Gasoline demand averaged 8.5 in April from April 2012. from April 2012. from April 2012.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline Production 2012 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2014

In part-load operation, the indirect injection supplements direct gasoline injection to improve fuel economy and to reduce the output of particulates from the engine. Athanasios Mamakos, Christos Dardiotis, and Giorgio Martini (2012) “ Assessment of particle number limits for petrol vehicles ” (JRC report). Earlier post.).

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Audi Fuel Engine 304

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2013

The US Department of Energy (DOE) launched the “ eGallon ” as a quick and simple way for consumers to compare the costs of fueling electric vehicles vs. driving on gasoline. worth of electricity as a similar vehicle could travel on a gallon of gasoline. For example, if gasoline costs $3.60 worth of gasoline.

Gasoline-Electric 231

Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Cost Of Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

The majority (62%) of the plantations were located on the island of Sumatra, and more than two-thirds (69%) of all industrial plantations were developed for oil palm cultivation, with the remainder mostly being Acacia plantations for paper pulp production. Earlier post.). —Dr.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2014

The collapse in world oil prices in the second half of 2014 will have only a moderate impact on the fast-developing low-carbon transition in the world electricity system, according to research firm Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Earlier Bloomberg New Energy Finance analysis showed that, with gasoline at $2.09 on 30 June to $61.60

Oil Prices 268

Oil Prices Oil Price Carbon 268

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

China’s apparent oil demand in October rose 2.9% Despite the year-over-year increase, China’s apparent oil demand in October slipped 2.5% Meanwhile, total apparent oil demand was 9.96 China’s oil product imports tumbled 22.2% China’s oil product imports tumbled 22.2% Fuel oil apparent demand in October slumped 31.4%

Oil 268

Oil China Stimulus Chinese 268

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Shell is the first major oil company to do so. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.)

Gasoline 246

Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2014

An article in the latest issue of IEA Energy: The Journal of the International Energy Agency reports that Estonia, which has the most developed oil shale industry in the world, is collaborating in pursuing wider use of oil shale in a cleaner, more sustainable manner. Different that shale oil—i.e., million tonnes.

Estonia 236

Estonia Oil Cleaner Jordan 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2014

Consumption of gasoline in China grew from 0.9 Increasing oil demand is requiring increasing imports; since 2009, China has been importing more than half of its petroleum needs. China vehicle sales and gasoline consumption. China Electric (Battery) Fuel Efficiency Oil Policy' Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

Alternative Fuels 218

Alternative Fuels Oil China Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has granted Dynamic Fuels, LLC Part 79 registration for its Renewable Gasoline Blendstock 10 by the U.S. Advanced Biofuel, or D5, RINS for each gallon of its renewable gasoline blendstock when blended into petroleum gasoline at up to a 10% concentration.

Gasoline 218

Gasoline EPA Renewable Parts 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2012

in January 2012 compared with January 2011 to just over 18 million barrels per day, according to figures from the American Petroleum Institute (API). Gasoline deliveries slipped 0.2% Consumer demand for gasoline has not recovered from 2007 highs. Supplies for refined products remained ample, with gasoline production of 8.9

Oil 210

Oil North Dakota 2011 Gasoline 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 21, 2013

Gasoline deliveries were up for the month by 2.4% from January 2012). and for residual fuel oil by 26%, although it rose for other oils by 0.6%. in January compared with the same month in 2012. Gasoline production fell 2.7% from January 2012. from January 2012. Total imports averaged nearly 10.4

2012 368

2012 Oil Gasoline 2000 368

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2012

Source: Spiller and Stephens (2012) Click to enlarge. Economists view higher gasoline taxes as one solution to reducing gasoline consumption and thus air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and reliance on oil, while at the same time providing revenue to the government for highway repair and construction.

Tax 257

Tax Gasoline Price 2012 257

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2014

Lux Research has investigated the trends of corporate financing of alternative fuels from oil majors, based on a non-exhaustive database of more than 1,000 deals and partnership engagements from 2000 through September, 2014. Shell invested in multiple rounds and formed a JV with Iogen, but terminated the JV in 2012.

Alternative Fuels 225

Alternative Fuels Oil Chevron Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2015

Neste, currently largest producer of renewable drop-in fuels (primarily diesel) with its NEXBTL platform ( earlier post ), has filed a patent ( US20150144087 ) on a gasoline composition (and the method for making it) comprising up to 20 vol% (preferably from about 10-15 vol.%), of paraffinic bio-hydrocarbons originating from the NEXBTL process.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Fuel Renewable Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2012

At last month’s World Renewable Energy Forum 2012 in Denver, Colorado, researchers from the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory presented papers on two different approaches to upgrade pyrolysis oils to hydrocarbon fuels or fuel intermediates. In short, bio-oil needs to be upgraded to produce a fungible liquid transportation fuel.

Oil 246

Oil Fuel Hydrogen Conversion 246

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its annual report summarizing key trends in carbon dioxide emissions, fuel economy, and CO 2 - and fuel economy-related technology for gasoline- and diesel-fueled personal vehicles sold in the United States, from model years (MY) 1975 through 2012. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 284

Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2013

The technology also increases corn oil extraction by 13%, while saving 8% energy. A typical US ethanol plant uses around 36 million bushels (900,000 tons) of feed-grade corn per year to produce 100 million gallons of fuel ethanol, 300,000 tons of animal feed (DDGS) and 8,500 tons of corn oil. Avantec was introduced in October 2012.

Oil 186

Oil Energy Chicago Illinois 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2016

In California, the Department of Industrial Relations (DIR), the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) announced a set of regulations to strengthen workplace and environmental safety at oil refineries across the state. Annual public reporting of refinery safety metrics.

Oil 150

Oil California Chevron Sacramento 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2012

Full-fuel-cycle GHG emissions estimates for reformulated gasoline pathways by LCA study. Credit: ACS, Brandt 2012. He found that the variation in oil sands GHG estimates is due to a variety of causes. These include oil sands, enhanced oil recovery, coal-to-liquids and gas-to-liquids synthetic fuels, and oil shale.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Production Emissions 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2013

BP Canada Energy Trading Company; Canadian Natural Resources; Canadian Oil Sands Limited; Cenovus Energy Inc.; Imperial Oil Limited; Nexen Marketing Inc.; Thirteen companies have signed long-term contracts with Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC (Trans Mountain) operated by Kinder Morgan Canada Inc. Statoil Canada Ltd.;

Oil-Sands 218

Oil-Sands Oil Canada 2013 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). 74% of WTW emissions in our oil sands pathways. Credit: ACS, Bergerson et al.

Oil-Sands 287

Oil-Sands Oil Gas-Electric Emissions 287

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2012

In 2011, Nissan launched a version of the Micra city car equipped with a new supercharged gasoline direct-injection engine (HR12DDR). Partly to address that issue, Nissan adopted the direct injection system and additional cooling items such as a piston oil jet and high thermal conductivity piston ring. Earlier post.).

Gasoline 240

Gasoline Engine Nissan Exhaust 240

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2016

Altex Technologies has selected Unitel to provide engineering services to design and build a pilot system that will produce 1 BPD of synthetic gasoline from biomass (Biomass Conversion to Synthetic Gasoline System, BCSGS). Carbonaceous materials—e.g., —US 9199889. Mehdi Namazian, Vice President of Altex.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Coal Convert Conversion 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2012

Researchers in China report the production of gasoline and diesel from coal tar via an optimized catalytic hydrogenation using two serial fixed beds, the first with a hydrofining catalyst of MoNi/?-Al of the total consumption volume in 2009, followed by carbon black raw oil sharing 28.1% Flow diagram of coal tar hydrogenation process.

Coal 244

Coal Gasoline Diesel Hydrogen 244

Green Car Congress

MAY 3, 2011

KiOR expects to begin production at its Columbus facility in the second half of 2012. KiOR combines a proprietary catalyst system with a biomass-to-renewable crude conversion technology to produce a high-quality oil called Re-Crude using a process similar to Fluid Catalytic Cracking used in the oil industry.

Gasoline 170

Gasoline Renewable Columbus Diesel 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2011

whereby Vitol would purchase 100% of the gasoline produced from MBFP’s industrial gasification and liquefaction facility located near. The cleaned syngas is conditioned, modified and converted to methanol, which is then converted to gasoline via the licensed ExxonMobil Research and Engineering methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) process.

Coal 225

Coal Gasoline Wyoming Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2017

The project, which will co-produce full replacement renewable jet fuel, gasoline, diesel and Bioplus nanocellulose from woody biomass in an integrated biorefinery at AVAPCO’s site in Thomaston, Georgia, has received a $3.7-million Phase 1 of the ABBA Integrated Biorefinery project, to be built at the AVAPCO Thomaston Georgia site, has begun.

Renewable 150

Renewable Gasoline Georgia Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

DB has lowered its advanced lithium-ion battery cost projection by about 30% for 2012. ” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region.

Transportation 250

Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. In a similar way, the full breadth of impacts attributable to conventional gasoline production, such as natural resource consumption and hazardous pollutant emissions, must also be considered in order to make balanced comparisons to biofuels. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline.

Gasoline 357

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2012

Renault is introducing three new Energy engines ( earlier post ) in its Mégane Collection 2012: the new turbocharged, gasoline direct-injection Energy TCE 115 di; the Energy dCi 130; and the Energy dCi 110, with NEDC fuel consumption of 3.5 Versions of Mégane Collection 2012 powered by this engine consume 5.3 Energy TCe 115.

Fuel Economy 278

Fuel Economy MPG 2012 Engine 278