Cost Of, Fuel, Gasoline-Electric and Universal

Large differences among the recent increases in the cost of powering gasoline, diesel, and electric vehicles

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2022

This post examines the recent changes in the costs of powering gasoline, diesel, and electric vehicles. The expectation was that the cost of electricity had recently increased much less than the costs of gasoline and diesel. Electricity. $/g. Month (2022). Change from January (%). $/g.

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Cost Of Diesel

Argonne study finds BEVs can have lowest scheduled maintenance costs, but highest cost of driving

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2021

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, with colleagues from Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge, and National Renewable Energy labs, and the University of Tennessee, have published a comprehensive analysis of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for 12 sizes of vehicles ranging from compact sedans up to Class 8 tractors with sleeper cabs.

Maintenance

Maintenance Cost Of Chad Plug-in

What is the cost of usable energy for driving and heating our homes?

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2019

This analysis compares the costs of usable energy when we buy gasoline and electricity for driving and natural gas for keeping warm. Gasoline-powered vehicles. Combustion of a gallon of gasoline (that includes ethanol) releases 120,333 Btu of energy. All-electric vehicles. by Michael Sivak. per 100 kWh.

Cost Of

Cost Of Energy Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric

Geely supporting Danish initiative on e-methanol with vehicle trials in Aalborg

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2022

Danish Minister for Transport Trine Bramsen, Aalborg municipal government representatives, and European media were invited to witness the first test runs of Geely methanol vehicles on Danish roads and visit the e-methanol production facility at Aalborg University.

Denmark

Denmark Vehicles Iceland Renewable

MIT team proposes flex-fuel gasoline-alcohol engine PHEV long-haul trucks

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

In a paper being presented at WCX SAE World Congress Experience in Detroit this week, a team from MIT is proposing the use of a flex-fuel gasoline-alcohol engine approach for a series-hybrid powertrain for long-haul Class 8 trucks. We think that the way to enable the use of electricity in these vehicles is with a plug-in hybrid.

MIT

MIT Gasoline Engine Fuel

U-M researchers challenge USPS EV environmental study

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2022

A new University of Michigan study finds that making the switch to all-electric mail-delivery vehicles would lead to far greater reductions in greenhouse gas emissions than previously estimated by the US Postal Service (USPS). The Postal Service said in February that at least 10% of the new mail trucks would be electric.

District of Columbia

District of Columbia Fleet Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

Responsible Battery Coalition and U Michigan launch study to compare electric and gas vehicle lifetime costs

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2022

The Responsible Battery Coalition, in partnership with the University of Michigan Center for Sustainable Systems, launched a comprehensive research project to compare the total cost of ownership of gas and electric vehicles (EVs). Gregory Keoleian, Director of the Center for Sustainable Systems at the University of Michigan.

Michigan

Michigan Gas-Electric Gas Batteries

Waterloo power management strategy greatly enhances durability of on-board fuel cells in FC-PHEV

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2019

Researchers at the University of Waterloo (Canada), with a colleague in Sweden, have used a power management strategy greatly to extend the durability of onboard fuel cells in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle: an increase of 1.8, Architecture of FC-PHEVs with three fuel cell stacks as considered in the Zhang et al.

PHEV

PHEV Fuel Power Powered

DOE awarding $71M to 20 RD&D projects to cut GHG emissions, expand EV infrastructure; $5M to Achates for opposed-piston 2-stroke hybrid

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 2, 2021

Projects will work to lower emissions by leading the expansion of EV charging stations to facilitate the transition from fossil fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. Tennessee Technological University. AOI 3: Reducing the Cost of DC Fast Charging Equipment. North Carolina State University. BorgWarner Inc.

Emissions

Emissions Eaton Minnesota Hybrid

SOFC-maker Bloom Energy announces initial strategy for hydrogen market entry; partnership with SK

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2020

Solid-oxide-fuel-cell manufacturer Bloom Energy is entering the commercial hydrogen market by introducing hydrogen-powered fuel cells and electrolyzers that produce renewable hydrogen. This expansion of our product offering enables zero-carbon electricity and transportation solutions. —Jason Ahn, CEO of SK E&C.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen South Korea Market Energy

Biomass fuels: challenges and opportunities – ET Auto

Baua Electric

MAY 10, 2024

Halting fossil fuel use by 2050 is crucial to avoid exceeding the critical 2°C temperature increase threshold. Halting fossil fuel use by 2050 is crucial to avoid exceeding the critical 2°C temperature increase threshold. Carbon dioxide cycle of biomass-based fuels.

Fuel

Fuel Auto Oil Conversion

How much money EV ownership saves depends on where you live

Baua Electric

JANUARY 8, 2024

A new University of Michigan study compares the cost of ownership for EVs and internal-combustion vehicles across 14 U.S. cities, finding that the path to cost parity between the two varies by region. San Francisco and Los Angeles were the most expensive city for both EVs and gasoline cars.

San Francisco

San Francisco Los Angeles Gasoline-Electric Cleveland

New UMTRI paper reviews major advantages and disadvantages of battery-electric and fuel-cell vehicles

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2016

A new report from the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI) reviews the major advantages and disadvantages associated with battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs). Among their findings: A note on fuel pricing and cost per mile. mp and a fuel price of $2.35

San Diego

San Diego Fuel District of Columbia Gasoline-Electric

Hyundai delivers keys to first Tucson Fuel Cell customer; leasing for $499/mo, with unlimited free fueling; first drive

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2014

In an event combining a first-customer ceremony and a media drive, Tustin (California) Hyundai’s Dealer Principal, John Patterson, handed over the keys to Hyundai’s first mass-produced Tucson Fuel Cell crossover ( earlier post ) to Timothy Bush, the first Hyundai Fuel Cell customer, with Hyundai executives in attendance.

Tucson

Tucson Hyundai Fuel Hydrogen

Final testing confirms ADEPT 48V diesel hybrid reduces fuel consumption 10-12% at low incremental cost

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2016

The three-year ADEPT (advanced diesel-electric powertrain) project ( earlier post ) in the UK set the target of developing and validating a range of advanced mild hybrid technologies with 48V “intelligent electrification” utilizing an advanced lead carbon battery.

Diesel

Diesel Hybrid Fuel Lead Acid

DOE selects 3 hydrogen and fuel cell projects for transportation applications for SBIR/STTR awards

Green Car Congress

MARCH 7, 2013

The US Department of Energy (DOE) recently announced the FY 2012 Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer (SBIR/STTR) Phase I Release 3 award winners, including three hydrogen and fuel cell projects. will optimize the cost and performance of composite cylinders for hydrogen storage using a graded construction.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Carbon Fiber Transportation Fuel

DeCicco: Transportation GHG reduction policy should focus upstream on fuel supply rather than downstream on choice of fuels in vehicles

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2013

John DeCicco at the University of Michigan argues that to reduce transportation sector greenhouse gas emissions, the proper policy focus should be upstream in sectors that provide the fuel, rather than downstream on the choice of fuels in the automobile. In a new working paper, Prof. VMT); vehicle energy intensity (e.g.,

Fuel

Fuel Supplies Transportation Climate Protection

CMU researchers find controlled charging of PHEVs can cut cost of integration into electricity system by 54-73%; higher benefits with wind power

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2014

In a new study published in the journal Applied Energy , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) researchers found that controlled charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) reduces the costs of integrating the vehicles into an electricity system by 54–73% depending on the scenario.

Wind

Wind PHEV Cost Of Power

Electric Vehicles Are Only Getting Cheaper To Own

EV Match

JANUARY 11, 2021

One of the fastest ways to accelerate your transition to an eco-friendlier lifestyle is to switch to an electric vehicle (EV). miles per gallon, that equates to about 420 gallons of gasoline burned annually. An internal-combustion engine vehicle will cost about 4½ times more to operate and maintain than a comparable electric car.

Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric

Vitruivan crowd-sourcing funding for novel biofuel from sewage treatment bio-solids

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2014

It can be used as a fuel additive to displace and clean up existing fossil fuels, and to lower their carbon footprint. Testing showed that blending EEB with diesel significantly reduces soot emissions, similar to how ethanol reduces emissions when blended with gasoline. Vitruvian has modeled production costs at $2.58-3.73

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Alabama Diesel

DOE announces $26.6M SBIR/STTR FY15 Phase 1 Release 2 awards; fuel cells, batteries, power electronics and efficient combustion engines

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2015

Of these, 16 are vehicle-related, encompassing projects developing batteries, power electronics and improved combustion engine technology including on-board reformers, and two are specifically hydrogen fuel cell-related. It is cleaner, quieter, and friendlier to operate with a fuel cell power plant enabling mobility via renewable energy.

Li-ion

Li-ion Battery Powered Engine Lithium Ion

Royal Academy of Engineering Report Says EV Success Depends on Low-Carbon Electricity, Universal Broadband Provision and Smart Grids

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2010

The introduction of electric vehicles on a large scale in the UK can only have a beneficial effect on CO 2 emissions if low-carbon electricity, universal broadband provision and smart grids are in place to support the transition, according to a new report published by the UK Royal Academy of Engineering.

Universal

Universal Grid Carbon Engine

DOE awards $20M to 10 hydrogen production and delivery technologies projects

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2014

University of Hawaii of Honolulu, Hawaii will receive $3 million to develop photoelectrodes for direct solar water splitting. University of Colorado, Boulder of Boulder, Colorado will receive $2 million to develop a novel solar-thermal reactor to split water with concentrated sunlight. Nuvera Fuel Cells Inc. FuelCell Energy Inc.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen San Antonio Production Hawaii

Study of 5-year TCO suggests ongoing challenge to unsubsidized BEV cost-competitiveness

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2018

A team at Arizona State University has analyzed the five-year Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for representative electric, hybrid, and conventional vehicles—the Nissan Leaf (BEV), Toyota Prius (HEV), and Toyota Corolla (ICEV)—in 14 US cities from 2011 to 2015. —Breetz and Salon. Five-year TCO by city and car.

Prius

Prius Tax Maintenance Arizona

U of Michigan Study Finds Costs of Plug-in Cars Primary Key to Broad Consumer Acceptance

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2009

A newly released University of Michigan study found widespread consumer interest in buying plug-in hybrid electric vehicles; however, the cost of the cars is much more influential than environmental and other non-economic factors as a predictor of purchase probabilities. Source: Curtin et al. 2009) Click to enlarge.

Michigan

Michigan Plug-in Cost Of Plug

Study of 5-year TCO suggests ongoing challenge to unsubsidized BEV cost-competitiveness

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2018

A team at Arizona State University has analyzed the five-year Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for representative electric, hybrid, and conventional vehicles—the Nissan Leaf (BEV), Toyota Prius (HEV), and Toyota Corolla (ICEV)—in 14 US cities from 2011 to 2015. —Breetz and Salon. Five-year TCO by city and car.

Prius

Prius Tax Maintenance Arizona

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

In 1975, General Ernesto Geisel, then-president of Brazil, ordered the country’s gasoline supply mixed with 10% ethanol. The level was raised to 25% over the next five years, which was intended to maintain a constant Brazilian gasoline supply for an ever-increasing demand.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

U Toronto LCA suggests that with CNG as primary vehicle energy source, EVs best targeted at non-attainment areas

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2015

Among their findings, published in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , are that policies should for the foreseeable future focus on the niche adoption of plug-in vehicles in non-attainment regions, as CNG vehicles are likely more cost-effective at providing overall life cycle air emissions impact benefits.

Climate Change

Climate Change Energy Gas-Electric Plug-in

Stanford faculty awarded $2.2 million for innovative energy research; fuel cells, hybrids, splitting CO2

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2013

The Precourt Institute for Energy , an umbrella organization for energy research and education at Stanford, will fund the following three studies and jointly fund one study to be administered by the TomKat Center: Functionalized Graphene-Platinum Composites for Fuel Cells. Self-Regenerating Fuel Cells Running on Natural Gas.

Energy

Energy Fuel Hybrid CO2

Oxford University Study Finds Downscaling of Vehicle Size and Weight the Best Way to Reduce Transport GHG Emissions in the Short Term

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2010

An new study from the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at Oxford University suggests that best way to reduce transport greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the short term is a “drastic downscaling of both size and weight” of conventional gasoline and diesel cars.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions Universal Climate Change

China publishes plan to boost fuel-efficient and new energy vehicles and domestic auto industry; targeting 500K PHEVs and EVs in 2015, rising to 2M by 2020

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2012

China’s State Council has published a plan to develop the domestic energy-saving and new energy vehicle industry, which includes battery-electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. China has made big progress in electric car technologies but still lags behind other countries in certain areas, said the report.

Auto Industry

Auto Industry Industrial Industry 2015

Belfer Center Study Concludes Reducing Car and Truck GHG Emissions Will Require Substantially Higher Fuel Prices; Income Tax Credits for Advanced Alt Fuel Vehicles Are Essentially Ineffective at Reducing Sector Emissions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2010

A new study from the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs finds that reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation will be a much bigger challenge than many assume, and will require substantially higher fuel prices combined with more stringent regulations.

Tax Credit

Tax Credit Tax Emissions Fuel

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2016

The model also includes representation of fleet turnover, and opportunities for fuel use and emissions abatement, including representation of electric vehicles. Emissions trading or a carbon tax is going to achieve their emissions goals at the lowest possible cost to society.

Standards

Standards Emissions CO2 Europe

Study finds no alternative to widespread switching of direct fuel uses to electricity to meet 2050 California GHG targets; putting detail in climate wedges

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

Institute of International Studies, University of. According to their new paper published in the journal Science , after other emission reduction measures are employed to the maximum feasible extent, there is no alternative to widespread switching of direct fuel uses (e.g., requirements and costs; behavior change in their model is.

Climate

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric

DOE releases five-year strategic plan, 2014-2018; supporting “all of the above” energy strategy

Green Car Congress

APRIL 8, 2014

DOE will continue to focus on significantly increasing the amount of cost-competitive electric power from renewable resources across the nation by further accelerating the development and commercialization of these technologies. Reduce the cost of plug-in vehicle battery technology to $300/kWh by 2015 and $125/kWh by 2022.

2014

2014 2018 Energy Climate Change

An Extreme Real World EV Driving (Charging) Test

Clean Fleet Report

AUGUST 6, 2023

Electric vehicles are most efficient when driven in town to take advantage of the regenerative braking, or on the open road at slower speeds. The all-electric efficiency averaged about 3.0 Electrify America’s charging network were the backbone of our trip Cost Comparison We charged 412.23 miles per kilowatt-hour (kWh).

Las Vegas

Las Vegas Charging Utah Miles

How to make heavy-duty electric trucks work in practice

Charged EVs

DECEMBER 21, 2022

Fleets tested Volvo VNR Electric Class 8 tractors for three years: Here’s what they learned. Large commercial trucks and other heavy equipment have run on diesel fuel for many decades now. Requirements for more aggressive emission after-treatment and the hardware to achieve that add cost and complexity for fleet operators.

Volvo

Volvo Fleet Electric Electrical

Report finds says “negative emissions technologies” need to play a large role in mitigating climate change

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2018

Most climate mitigation efforts are intended to decrease the rate at which people add carbon from fossil fuel reservoirs to the atmosphere. Petrie Professor in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Princeton University and chair of the committee. —Stephen Pacala, the Frederick D.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Emissions Carbon

Researchers propose low-temperature SOFC unit for reducing NOx and oxidizing HCs in lean-burn engine exhaust

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2012

A team from National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, reports that a low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) emissions control system for lean-burn engines can simultaneously reduce the high concentrations of NO x and oxidize hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Concept of the SOFC emissions control system. Credit: ACS, Huang et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Emissions Gas-Electric

UC Davis report finds LCFS compliance costs may rise rapidly; recommends offsetting measures

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2013

Both proposals have the additional advantage of generating funds which may be used to increase investments in low CI fuel technologies. The LCFS program calls for a 10% reduction in the carbon intensity of fuel sold in California over the next decade. The program is agnostic as to which fuels can be used to meet the Standard.

Davis

Davis Alternative Fuels Boston Consulting Group Price

CMU study finds that HEVs and PHEVs with small battery packs offer more emissions and oil displacement benefits per dollar spent than large pack PHEVs and BEVs; policy implications

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2011

Strategies to promote adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., In this study we assess, under a wide range of scenarios, how much externality damage reduction plug-in vehicles can offer in the US and at what cost.

PHEV

PHEV Oil Emissions Batteries

Citi report finds meeting higher CAFE/GHG standards likely to bring higher profits for all automakers, nearly $2.5 billion in extra profits for Detroit Three

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2012

Source: “Fuel Economy Focus: Perspectives on 2020 Industry Implications”. The report, “Fuel Economy Focus: Perspectives on 2020 Industry Implications,” evaluates the impact that meeting the proposed fuel economy/GHG standards would have on the car industry in the year 2020. Projected US sales by powertrain type in 2020.

Detroit

Detroit Standards Fuel Economy Economy

Study concludes abundant shale gas is neither climate hero nor villain; need for targeted GHG reduction policy

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

While natural gas can reduce greenhouse emissions when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources, abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction, according to a new study by two researchers at Duke University. —Newell and Raimi. Richard G.

Climate

Climate Gas Coal Gas-Electric

US DOE awards more than $175M to 40 projects for advanced vehicle research and development

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2011

The funding will support 40 projects across 15 states and will help improve the fuel efficiency of next generation vehicles. Advanced fuels and lubricants. This project will determine levels at which higher alcohols and other advanced oxygenated fuel components can be readily integrated into the existing fuel supply (i.e.,

Carbon Fiber

Carbon Fiber Lithium Ion Li-ion Vehicles

Large differences among the recent increases in the cost of powering gasoline, diesel, and electric vehicles

Argonne study finds BEVs can have lowest scheduled maintenance costs, but highest cost of driving

What is the cost of usable energy for driving and heating our homes?

Geely supporting Danish initiative on e-methanol with vehicle trials in Aalborg

MIT team proposes flex-fuel gasoline-alcohol engine PHEV long-haul trucks

U-M researchers challenge USPS EV environmental study

Responsible Battery Coalition and U Michigan launch study to compare electric and gas vehicle lifetime costs

Waterloo power management strategy greatly enhances durability of on-board fuel cells in FC-PHEV

DOE awarding $71M to 20 RD&D projects to cut GHG emissions, expand EV infrastructure; $5M to Achates for opposed-piston 2-stroke hybrid

SOFC-maker Bloom Energy announces initial strategy for hydrogen market entry; partnership with SK

Biomass fuels: challenges and opportunities – ET Auto

How much money EV ownership saves depends on where you live

New UMTRI paper reviews major advantages and disadvantages of battery-electric and fuel-cell vehicles

Hyundai delivers keys to first Tucson Fuel Cell customer; leasing for $499/mo, with unlimited free fueling; first drive

Final testing confirms ADEPT 48V diesel hybrid reduces fuel consumption 10-12% at low incremental cost

DOE selects 3 hydrogen and fuel cell projects for transportation applications for SBIR/STTR awards

DeCicco: Transportation GHG reduction policy should focus upstream on fuel supply rather than downstream on choice of fuels in vehicles

CMU researchers find controlled charging of PHEVs can cut cost of integration into electricity system by 54-73%; higher benefits with wind power

Electric Vehicles Are Only Getting Cheaper To Own

Vitruivan crowd-sourcing funding for novel biofuel from sewage treatment bio-solids

DOE announces $26.6M SBIR/STTR FY15 Phase 1 Release 2 awards; fuel cells, batteries, power electronics and efficient combustion engines

Royal Academy of Engineering Report Says EV Success Depends on Low-Carbon Electricity, Universal Broadband Provision and Smart Grids

DOE awards $20M to 10 hydrogen production and delivery technologies projects

Study of 5-year TCO suggests ongoing challenge to unsubsidized BEV cost-competitiveness

U of Michigan Study Finds Costs of Plug-in Cars Primary Key to Broad Consumer Acceptance

Study of 5-year TCO suggests ongoing challenge to unsubsidized BEV cost-competitiveness

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

U Toronto LCA suggests that with CNG as primary vehicle energy source, EVs best targeted at non-attainment areas

Stanford faculty awarded $2.2 million for innovative energy research; fuel cells, hybrids, splitting CO2

Oxford University Study Finds Downscaling of Vehicle Size and Weight the Best Way to Reduce Transport GHG Emissions in the Short Term

China publishes plan to boost fuel-efficient and new energy vehicles and domestic auto industry; targeting 500K PHEVs and EVs in 2015, rising to 2M by 2020

Belfer Center Study Concludes Reducing Car and Truck GHG Emissions Will Require Substantially Higher Fuel Prices; Income Tax Credits for Advanced Alt Fuel Vehicles Are Essentially Ineffective at Reducing Sector Emissions

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Study finds no alternative to widespread switching of direct fuel uses to electricity to meet 2050 California GHG targets; putting detail in climate wedges

DOE releases five-year strategic plan, 2014-2018; supporting “all of the above” energy strategy

An Extreme Real World EV Driving (Charging) Test

How to make heavy-duty electric trucks work in practice

Report finds says “negative emissions technologies” need to play a large role in mitigating climate change

Researchers propose low-temperature SOFC unit for reducing NOx and oxidizing HCs in lean-burn engine exhaust

UC Davis report finds LCFS compliance costs may rise rapidly; recommends offsetting measures

CMU study finds that HEVs and PHEVs with small battery packs offer more emissions and oil displacement benefits per dollar spent than large pack PHEVs and BEVs; policy implications

Citi report finds meeting higher CAFE/GHG standards likely to bring higher profits for all automakers, nearly $2.5 billion in extra profits for Detroit Three

Study concludes abundant shale gas is neither climate hero nor villain; need for targeted GHG reduction policy

US DOE awards more than $175M to 40 projects for advanced vehicle research and development

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