Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

Global levels of the hydrocarbons ethane and propane in the atmosphere have been underestimated by more than 50%, according to a new study by a team of scientists from Europe and the US. Levels of ethane and propane declined in many places the 1980s and 1990s, but global growth in demand for natural gas means these trends may be reversing.

Emissions 210

Emissions Global Ozone 2011 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. Tropospheric ozone is the main cause of photochemical smog, an atmospheric pollutant harmful to human health and plant growth. Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) and Toyota Central R&D Labs.,

Ozone 199

Ozone Asia Toyota India 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. These contributions involve a large number of chemical, microphysical, transport and, radiative processes in the global atmosphere.

Climate 448

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change 448

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Full implementation of these measures would reduce future global warming by 0.5 °C Click to enlarge.

Ozone 218

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 Anthropogenic emissions were responsible for ?37%

Pollution 207

Pollution Ozone International Aura 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

The research was a collaboration between MIT’s Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment and the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. a, Source–receptor matrix showing total early deaths per year for 48 × 48 states (right), and its breakdown into PM 2.5 - and ozone-attributable impacts (left). and/or ozone.

MIT 307

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005 307

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

It would be many decades before it would slow down global warming at all, and even then it would just be making a difference around the edges. The reliance on natural gas could then gradually reduce the rate of global warming, but temperatures would drop by only a small amount compared to the 5.4 —Tom Wigley. degree Celsius).

Coal 334

Coal Climate Gas Global 334

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate 287

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation 287

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Since the BEV version has a shorter range, Renault noted, the way in which the miles are accumulated could differ from that of the ICE vehicles.). Renault selected six environmental indicators for the LCA: Global Warming 100yr Potential (kg CO 2 equivalent). in the atmosphere and consequently of global warming potential.

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Terrestrial plants are thought to be the dominant global source of atmospheric ethanol.) Here we use a global 3D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) applied to an ensemble of airborne observations to derive new constraints on natural and anthropogenic ethanol sources in North America.

North America 240

North America America Emissions Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

The University of Bremen is the scientific base of the international project known as EMeRGe (Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales). The aim is to better understand and predict the extent and impact of urban air pollution on Earth’s atmosphere.

Emissions 268

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone 268

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2022

Chile is the world’s top copper producer (27% of global production) and exporter. Although copper is now readily recyclable, global demand is on the rise, thus calling for the continued mining of copper. Other project partners are also evaluating UV- and ozone-assisted as well as microbial oxidation processes.

Chile 243

Chile Ozone Climate Change Water 243

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

The global warming potentials (GWP) of HFCs range from 140 (HFC-152a) to 11,700 (HFC-23), according to the US EPA. HFCs are chemicals are potential substitutes for ozone-depleting and climate-warming CFCs and HCFCs currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol treaty to protect the ozone layer.

Micronesia 186

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

Shipping-induced global temperature change in 2050 using different parameterizations of Indirect Aerosol Effect (IAE). Other than these emissions from combustion associated with main engines and boilers, there are also emissions of ozone-depleting substances (CFCs/HCFCs/ HFCs) from refrigerant and air conditioning systems.

Climate 240

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

On a per-storage basis, the team found that the NiMH technology was found to have the highest environmental impact, followed by NCM and then LFP, for all categories considered except ozone depletion potential. They also found higher life cycle global warming emissions than have been previously reported. —Majeau-Bettez et al.

Nickel Metal Hydride 334

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion 334

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2016

Since epichlorohydrin offers exceptional oil resistance, heat resistance, heat aging resistance, ozone resistance, and gas permeability, it is currently commonly used as a key compound in the production of rubber for components such as hoses. Engine and drive system hoses require a particularly high level of oil and heat resistance.

Toyota 150

Toyota Engine Ozone Automobile Manufacturer 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2011

Both aircraft will measure ozone and a mixture of soot and PM. Other instruments on the P-3B will measure pollutants that lead to the formation of ozone such as nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde. Overall, the World Health Organization estimates that air pollution causes some 2 million premature deaths globally per year.

Ozone 186

Ozone Maryland Pollution Baltimore 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs. Source: NOAA. Click to enlarge. emission inventories?

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The researchers believe the measurements will substantially impact the understanding of atmospheric chemistry mechanisms—in particular, in the more rapid formation of secondary aerosols, important in the formation of local smog as well as in global climate change. Carl Percival. —Welz et al. —Marston (2012).

Ozone 268

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

Global and regional zonal mean temperature changes relative to 2010 due to non-CO 2. Bars on the right show uncertainty ranges for 2070, including contributions from both forcing and climate sensitivity (67%; CI). million metric tons of avoided ozone-related yield losses of major food crops; $US0.6-2.4 Shindell et al.

Climate 231

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Shown are the tipping elements [large-scale components of the Earth’s system] and the temperature threshold range that initiates the tipping. HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases originally developed as substitutes for ozone-depleting chemicals. From Molina et al. 2009), reproduced from Ramanathan and Feng (2008) Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

Second, EPA is proposing to remove refrigerant-based AC provisions for both light- and medium-duty vehicles because, under a separate rulemaking, EPA has proposed to disallow the use of high global warming potential refrigerants. EPA is also proposing to sunset the off-cycle credits program for both light and medium-duty vehicles.

EPA 210

EPA Light Standards Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

A new report prepared by the World Bank at the request of the G8 identifies ways that the World Bank can do more through its projects to reduce the emission of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs): black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and fluorinated gases known as HFCs.

Pollution 210

Pollution Climate Transportation Climate Change 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. The global economic crisis 2007/2008 only temporarily reduced emissions. WG III Summary for Policymakers. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 257

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate 257

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2011

The new metamodel is capable of efficiently simulating the urban concentration, surface deposition, and net export flux of these species that are important to human health and the global climate. Urban regions account for an ever increasing fraction of Earth’s population, and are consequently an ever increasing source of air pollutants.

MIT 199

MIT Pollution Climate South Korea 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

The emissions report focuses on the low- and mid-range diversion scenarios—i.e., The mid-range estimate assumes that approximately 2% of annual vessel traffic through those canals is diverted through the Bering Strait in 2025, largely through the Northern Sea Route nearest to Russia. Mid-range emissions were concomitantly higher.

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Credit: Cappa et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Climate 261

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston 261

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Global emissions were growing by 1.1% The developing and least-developed economies, 80% of the world’s population, accounted for 73% of the global growth of emissions in 2004. The hole in the ozone layer has had a cooling effect on Antarctica, and is partly responsible for masking expected warming on the continent. Ecosystems.

Climate Change 259

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone 259

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2012

This is the second in a series of EaSM solicitations, and it remains focused on the prediction of future climates and their consequences for human systems on time scales of several decades and shorter and global to regional and finer spatial scales. Awards are expected to be in the range of $300,000 to $1,000,000 per year.

Climate 210

Climate Climate Change Ozone Global 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

Cummins has a history of developing natural gas engines for heavy-duty application, and its engines are being used globally in a variety of commercial vehicles. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) will work with Cummins Westport, Inc., to develop the engine.

Grant 150

Grant Gas Engine Energy 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

A variety of geoengineering options have been proposed in response to anthropogenic global warming, including solar radiation management (SRM) which involves offsetting the effects of GHG increases by causing the Earth to absorb less radiation from the Sun. The rate required for global climate modification is upward of 1Mte p.a.

Climate 199

Climate Engine Ozone Solar 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

Despite the rapidly expanding body of scientific literature on BC, there is a need for a more comprehensive evaluation of both the magnitude of particular global and regional climate effects due to BC and the impact of emissions mixtures from different source categories. The United States contributes about 8% of the global emissions of BC.

Congress 252

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2016

LLNL will partner with GE Global Research Center in New York to study how to mitigate defects caused by direct metal laser melting in a project titled “Minimization of Spatter during Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLM) Additive Manufacturing Process using ALE3D Coupled with Experiments.". Harper International Corp.

Manufacturer 150

Manufacturer EPRI Lithium Sulfur Carbon Fiber 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Nadine Unger. Unger et al. Targeting on-road transportation is a win-win-win.

Transportation 391

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered 391

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. From 2007 to 2008, the share of ethanol in global gasoline type fuel use was estimated to increase from 3.78% to 5.46%, and the share of biodiesel in global diesel type fuel use from 0.93% to 1.5%.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water Emissions Oil 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2012

Respectively, Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act and the Ozone Transport Commission/NO x Budget Program.). The cap-and-trade programs Taylor studied exhibited lower-than-expected allowance prices, in part because program participants adopted an unexpected range of approaches for reducing emissions sources in the lead-up to trading.

Climate 261

Climate Energy Clean Cleaning 261