Global and Ozone - EV Driven

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

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FEBRUARY 11, 2020

Daily exposure to ground level ozone in cities worldwide is associated with an increased risk of death, according to the largest study of its kind, published in an open-access paper in The BMJ. Ground level ozone is a highly reactive gas commonly found in urban and suburban environments, formed when pollutants react in sunlight.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global South America

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

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MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. Ozone is harmful to humans at ground-level, causing pulmonary and heart disease. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

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NOVEMBER 9, 2016

They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane. Based on their findings, they suggested that emission increases in Southeast, East and South Asia may be most important for the ozone change.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

New WHO has issued new Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) that reduce levels of key air pollutants, some of which also contribute to climate change. Since WHO’s last 2005 global update, there has been a marked increase of evidence that shows how air pollution affects different aspects of health. WHO global air quality guidelines.

Pollution

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

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JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

A new study provides the most detailed picture available to date of the global, regional, and local health impacts attributable to emissions from four transportation subsectors: on-road diesel vehicles; other on-road vehicles; shipping; and non-road mobile engines such as agricultural and construction equipment. of global ambient PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2018

Emissions of one of the chemicals most responsible for the Antarctic ozone hole are on the rise, despite an international treaty that required an end to its production in 2010, a new study by researchers at NOAA and their colleagues shows. —NOAA scientist Stephen Montzka, lead author of the paper.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2002 2010

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

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MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Preliminary global mean CO 2 concentrations in February 2014 were 398.06 Ozone formation. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

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OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Karl Seltzer. Karl M Seltzer et al.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

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JUNE 17, 2016

As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.

San Jose

San Jose Ozone Universal Transportation

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2014

A study by an international team led by scientists at the University of East Anglia have identified four new man-made gases in the atmosphere, all of which are contributing to the destruction of the ozone layer. CFCs are the main cause of the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. Brenninkmeijer, Paul J. Oram, Claire E.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2014 2010

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

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JUNE 15, 2011

Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

Global levels of the hydrocarbons ethane and propane in the atmosphere have been underestimated by more than 50%, according to a new study by a team of scientists from Europe and the US. Levels of ethane and propane declined in many places the 1980s and 1990s, but global growth in demand for natural gas means these trends may be reversing.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

Toyota develops tropospheric ozone-concentration simulator for South and East Asia

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. Tropospheric ozone is the main cause of photochemical smog, an atmospheric pollutant harmful to human health and plant growth. Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) and Toyota Central R&D Labs.,

Ozone

Ozone Asia Toyota India

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2011

A NASA-led study has documented an unprecedented depletion of Earth’s protective ozone layer above the Arctic last winter and spring caused by an unusually prolonged period of extremely low temperatures in the stratosphere. The same ozone-loss processes occur each winter in the Arctic.

Ozone

Ozone 2011 Aura Davis

Fluorescent Probes for Ozone Detection

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2009

Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a fluorescent molecular probe that can selectively detect ozone—in preference to other reactive oxygen species—in both atmospheric and biological samples. Ground-level ozone exposure is a growing global health problem, especially in urban areas. Garner, Claudette M.

Ozone

Ozone Insight 2009 Universal

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Full implementation of these measures would reduce future global warming by 0.5 °C Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. These contributions involve a large number of chemical, microphysical, transport and, radiative processes in the global atmosphere.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 Anthropogenic emissions were responsible for ?37%

Pollution

Pollution Ozone International Aura

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

They found that reductions in ground ozone during this 35-year period resulted in $600 million in increased production annually by the early 2010s. These aren’t the things that are providing the global population with its main source of calories. An open-access paper on the work appears in Nature Food. —Steven Davis.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

Researchers Find That Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Reduces Southern Ocean Carbon Uptake

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2009

Researchers in France have found that ozone depletion above Antarctica has significantly reduced the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb atmospheric CO 2 and has also accelerated acidification of southern polar waters, despite lesser CO 2 uptake. This corresponds to a relative reduction of nearly 10% of the global oceanic carbon uptake.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon 2004 Climate

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Cronin, J. Melillo, D. Kicklighter, C.

Ozone

Ozone Water CO2 MIT

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C °F) by 2050, as well as improving human health and agriculture.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2019

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has released the annual State of Global Air (SoGA) 2019 report and website. This year’s report includes the latest results on air pollution exposure and its health burden around the world based on the 2017 GBD (Global Burden of Disease) study. and tropospheric ozone. Ambient PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone 2017 2019

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. Click to enlarge. These narrow-focused models utilize high-resolution information about the geography, meteorology and emissions of these areas.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate California

New study puts air-pollution related deaths in India in 2019 at 1.67 million

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 27, 2020

billion (US) in economic losses, according to a new study led by researchers from the Global Observatory on Pollution and Health at Boston College, the Indian Council of Medical Research, and the Public Health Foundation of India. Landrigan, MD, director of the Global Observatory on Pollution and Health. It is causing 1.67 since 1990.

Pollution

Pollution India 2019 Boston

US, China, and G-20 agree to work to global phase down of HFCs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2013

While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases whose use is growing rapidly as replacements for ozone-depleting substances being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol was established in 1987 to protect the ozone layer.

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia Ozone China Brunei

EPA proposes new rules to reduce global warming HFC emissions from refrigerants

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2015

Specifically, the proposed rule updates the current prohibition under section 608 of the Clean Air Act against knowingly venting, releasing or disposing of ozone-depleting (ODS) and substitute refrigerants and extends the requirements, as appropriate, to non-ozone-depleting substitute refrigerants, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).

EPA

EPA Emissions Global Ozone

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2010

Led by the tiny Pacific island of the Federated States of Micronesia, a growing group of low-lying islands and other vulnerable countries are calling for fast action on the approximately 50% of global warming that is caused by pollutants other than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The next round of UN climate negotiations begins in Cancun today.

Micronesia

Micronesia Pollution Ozone Global

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

Following this BAU scenario, the researchers projected that air quality for the global average citizen in 2050 would be almost comparable to that for the average citizen in East Asia in the year 2005—an outcome which underscores the need to pursue emission reductions, according to the authors. —Pozzer et al.

India

India Global 2005 Asia

Study: Hydrofluorocarbons Will Contribute Significantly to Global Warming by 2050

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2009

Global ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and HFC emissions (A), global CO 2 and HFC emissions (B), and ODS, HFC, and CO 2 global RF (C) for the period 2000–2050. These HFCs, gases used in refrigerators and air conditioners, are substitutes for ozone-depleting gases, but they are also strong greenhouse gases.

Global

Global Ozone Micronesia Mauritius

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. Jacobson at Stanford University. Mark Jacobson. degrees Celsius (4.5

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Linde subsidiary to blend HCR188C alternative low global warming potential refrigerants in EU

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2015

to blend the low global warming potential, ASHRAE-listed hydrocarbon refrigerants HCR188C/R441A (a replacement for R134A) and HCR188C/R443A (a replacement for R22). HCR188C/R441A and HCR188C/R443A are both patented and trademarked zero-ozone-depleting/extremely low global-warming-potential (GWP) hydrocarbon blends.

Global

Global Hawaii Ozone Germany

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

The exponentially increasing global market share of EVs has prompted research on their efficacy in reducing greenhouse gases, but comparatively little effort has focused on their impact on air quality. Among the findings: Summer surface ozone (O 3 ) decreases in most locations due to widespread reductions of traffic NO x emissions.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Toyota develops tropospheric ozone-concentration simulator for South and East Asia

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

Fluorescent Probes for Ozone Detection

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Researchers Find That Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Reduces Southern Ocean Carbon Uptake

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

New study puts air-pollution related deaths in India in 2019 at 1.67 million

US, China, and G-20 agree to work to global phase down of HFCs

EPA proposes new rules to reduce global warming HFC emissions from refrigerants

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Study: Hydrofluorocarbons Will Contribute Significantly to Global Warming by 2050

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Linde subsidiary to blend HCR188C alternative low global warming potential refrigerants in EU

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

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