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Chalmers team identifies two main challenges for bio-hydrocarbon fuel production from cheap sources

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Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have identified two main challenges for renewable biofuel production from cheap sources: lowering the cost of developing microbial cell factories; and establishing more efficient methods for hydrolysis of biomass to sugars for fermentation. —Eduard Kerkhoven. Zhou et al.

Cheap 199
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Simple process for the production of fuel additives from residual forest biomass

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Researchers at the Université de Sherbrooke, Canada, with colleagues at the Université de Toulouse, France, have developed a process for the direct production of levulinates from cheap residual lignocellulosic biomass using an affordable homogeneous catalyst. This optimization led to a total production of levulinates of 78 wt%, 72.5

Fuel 362
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Researchers use chemical looping process to produce hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide gas

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The process uses relatively little energy and a relatively cheap material—iron sulfide with a trace amount of molybdenum as an additive. Compared with the undoped sulfur carrier, Mo dopant facilitates the surface hydrogen diffusion, thus promoting the overall H 2 S conversion. —Jangam et al. 1c03410.

Hydrogen 425
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Japan team reports pathway to green ammonia: photocatalytic conversion of nitrogen with water

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The solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency is 0.02%, which is the highest efficiency among the early reported photocatalytic systems. This is, however, lower than that of natural photosynthesis (0.1%) and artificial photosynthesis such as overall water splitting and H 2 O 2 production (0.2%). —Hirakawa et al. 7b06634.

Water 170
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Univ of Washington team working to make poplar coppice viable cheap, high-volume biofuel feedstock

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A University of Washington team is trying to make poplar an economically viable biofuel feedstock by testing the production of younger poplar trees that could be harvested more frequently—after only two or three years—instead of the usual 10- to 20-year cycle. Chang Dou, Devin S. Chandler, Fernando L. Chang Dou, Wilian F.

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New plasma synthesis process for one-step conversion of CO2 and methane into higher value fuel and chemicals

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The combination of plasma and catalyst in this process shows great potential for manipulating the distribution of liquid chemical products in a given process, they concluded. Instead of using H 2 , direct conversion of CO 2 with CH 4 (dry reforming of methane, DRM) to liquid fuels and chemicals (e.g.

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Lund researchers develop optimized two-phase enzymatic process for production of biodiesel

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Researchers at Lund University (Sweden) have developed an optimized two-phase enzymatic (lipase) system for the conversion of plant oils to biodiesel. Concerning biodiesel production, lipase immobilisation adds an extra cost to the process and partial inactivation may also occur. —Mangas-Sánchez and Adlercreutz.