Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2016

A study by a team at University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign has found that, with currently achievable performance levels, synthetic fuels produced via the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 and the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process system are not economically and environmentally competitive with using petroleum-based fuel.

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Conversion Fuel CO2 Carbon 240

Green Car Congress

JUNE 5, 2022

A team at the University of Madison-Wisconsin studied critical sooting equivalence ratios and subsequent particulate formation during spark-ignition combustion for blends of ethanol, isobutanol (2-methyl-1-propanol), and methylbutenol (2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol) with gasoline using premixed prevaporized (PMPV) fueling.

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Gasoline Wisconsin North America Fuel 333

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2011

Global carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels have increased by 49% in the last two decades, according to the latest figures from the Global Carbon Project. Total emissions—including fossil fuel combustion, cement production, deforestation and other land use emissions—reached 10 billion tonnes of carbon (36.7

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2010 Carbon Global Emissions 239

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

For the study, the researchers benchmarked 27 scenarios against a 50% petroleum-reduction target and an 80% GHG-reduction target. The study estimated national fuel and emissions impacts from increasing reliance on electrified light-duty transportation, and the resulting implications for advanced biofuels. —Meier et al.

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Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2021

Researchers from Oregon State University College of Engineering, with colleagues from Cornell University and the Argonne National Laboratory, have used advanced experimental tools to provide a clearer understanding of an electrochemical catalytic process that’s cleaner and more sustainable than deriving hydrogen from natural gas.

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Insight Oregon Hydrogen Water 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2016

In a new study, Harvard University researchers found more than 90% of potential new Canadian hydroelectric projects are likely to increase concentrations of the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) in food webs near indigenous communities. The research is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. — Calder et al.

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Mercury Canada Mariner Water 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2012

Colorado State University has obtained a 5-year, $5-million grant from BP to study mechanisms involved with technology for oil recovery from “watered-out” wells. This project is very exciting in part because we are being given the opportunity to study fundamental molecular details that may have a large societal impact.

Colorado 252

Colorado Water Oil Universal 252

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2016

Layers of graphene separated by nanotube pillars of boron nitride (PGBN) may be a excellent material for on-board hydrogen storage in vehicles, according to a computational study by a pair of Rice University scientists. The study by Rouzbeh Shahsavari and Farzaneh Shayeganfar appears in the ACS journal Langmuir. 6b02997.

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Hydrogen Universal Hybrid 2016 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

A new study finds that as much as 20–30% of the number of vehicle engine exhaust particles larger than 3 nm may be formed during engine braking conditions—i.e., The study also indicates that the particles were non-volatile, formed before the catalyst, and originating from engine oil. . Credit: ACS, Rönkkö et al.

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Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece 319

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2017

Lloyd’s Register and University Maritime Advisory Services (UMAS) released a new study— Zero Emission Vessels 2030 —that aims to demonstrate the viability of zero emission vessels (ZEVs) by identifying what needs to be in place to make them a competitive solution for decarbonization.

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Emissions Mariner Low Cost Hydrogen 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2014

Researchers at the Institute of Environmental Sciences at Leiden University, The Netherlands) have concluded that the energy demand and climate impacts of using CO 2 to produce synthetic hydrocarbon fuels by using existing technologies can be greater than the impacts of existing hydrocarbon fuels. Credit: ACS, van der Giesen et al.

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Fuel Energy Solar CO2 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 28, 2021

A study by researchers at RWTH Aachen University in Germany has found that synthetic dimethoxymethane (DMM) is not only a promising fuel or blend component because of its outstanding combustion characteristics, but that it could be very attractive from a production point of view as well. —Burre et al.

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Fuel Diesel Renewable Hydrogen 255

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Based on visual interpretation of high-resolution (30 m) satellite images, a new study in the journal Global Change Biology: Bioenergy determined that industrial plantations covered over 3.1 —Miettinen et al.

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Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2018

Researchers at the School of Science at IUPUI (Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis) identified the compound in the seed oil of the Orychophragmus violaceus , which is produced in a manner unlike any other fatty acid. The study is published in the journal Nature Plants. While collaborating on the O.

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Oil Nebraska Indianapolis Universal 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2015

Researchers at Purdue University have shown that adding ultra-smooth submicrometer carbon spheres to motor oil can reduce friction and wear typically seen in engines by up to 25%. —Vilas Pol, an associate professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. CS-Oil using POD apparatus under (a) 22.2 and (b) 93.7

Oil 150

Oil Carbon Engine Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

A new black carbon (BC) emissions inventory from China found BC emissions levels in 2007 of 1,957 Gg BC—higher than reported in earlier studies. The paper by researchers from Peking University and Environment Canada appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. 2007 were used in this study.

2007 271

2007 Carbon China Emissions 271

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2011

complexity to estimate the equilibrium climate sensitivity for a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (ECS 2xC ) from. Climate sensitivity is the change in global mean surface air temperature caused by radiative forcing of Earth’s radiative balance at the top of the atmosphere with respect to a given reference state.).

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Climate CO2 Climate Change Oregon 220

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2020

A new study by researchers at the University of Toronto has found that current US policies are insufficient to remain within a sectoral CO 2 emission budget for light-duty vehicles that is consistent with preventing more than 2?°C The team estimated 2015–2050 LDV sectoral carbon budgets of 44–50 GtCO 2 between the SSPs.

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Climate Change Fleet Climate Vehicles 243

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2023

Using blends of hydrogen and methane as fuels in internal combustion engines is a promising strategy for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The team included non-thermal “termolecular” reactions in the model, studying in particular the effects of such radical-radical recombination and radical-molecule association reactions.

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Hydrogen Engine Connecticut Fuel 273

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2015

A study by a team from the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) has found that perennial biofuel crops’ evapotranspiration does not differ greatly from corn. Growing such crops on marginal lands could avoid competition with food, indirect land use change effects, and local carbon debt.

Water 150

Water Climate Change Climate Environment 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2010

His paper, Kreutz noted, is only a preliminary scoping study designed to sketch out the rough outlines of each system’s prospective performance and economics as related primarily to GHG. owned by) a power plant; careful integration between the two plants will reduce costs (not studied in detail here). short, large supplies of CO 2.

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Transportation Convert Waste CO2 231

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

While natural gas can reduce greenhouse emissions when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources, abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction, according to a new study by two researchers at Duke University.

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Climate Gas Coal Gas-Electric 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

System boundaries (red line) schematic for liquid fuel carbon balance. For biofuels, because biogenic carbon is automatically credited within a product lifecycle, the boundary effectively excludes vehicle end-use CO 2 emissions. DeCicco 2013. Click to enlarge.

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Climate Carbon CO2 Emissions 273

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2015

since natural gas has relatively low carbon intensity, releasing less carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) per unit of usable energy than other fossil fuels, it is often assumed that switching to natural gas is comparatively beneficial for the climate. addressing leakage) and efficiency improvements in the natural gas vehicles themselves.

Climate 150

Climate Diesel Gas Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2021

Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed a nanometric graphite-like anode for sodium ion (Na + storage), formed by stacked graphene sheets functionalized only on one side, termed Janus graphene. The estimated sodium storage up to C 6.9 Na is comparable to graphite for standard lithium ion batteries.

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Sodium Li-ion Lithium Ion Batteries 493

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2010

A study by a team at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (Brazil) found that higher compression ratios in a spark-ignition engine improved performance of both an E22 blend (78% gasoline, 22% ethanol) as well as neat hydrous ethanol. The paper was published online 15 September in the journal Applied Thermal Engineering.

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Exhaust Gasoline Water 2009 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2015

A team at RWTH Aachen University has identified ethyllevulinate and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran as promising alternatives to cellulosic bioethanol with respect to cost and environmental impact based on a large-scale reaction screening study. Fuel families and fuels in the study. Each symbol refers to a different process.

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Conversion Fuel Production Energy 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2009

Researchers at the Carnegie Institution at Stanford University and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem warn that if atmospheric carbon dioxide reaches double pre-industrial levels, coral reefs can be expected to not just stop growing, but also to begin dissolving. Coral reefs may be the canary in the coal mine.” —Ken

CO2 186

CO2 Industrial Industry Carbon 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2009

Achieving targeted regional reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector will require concentrated efforts to change travel behavior and reduce vehicle miles travelled in addition to advances in vehicle technology and fuels, according to two recent studies. Earlier version of study, earlier post.).

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Minnesota 2005 2009 Transportation 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

Since 2005, when major greenhouse-gas emitters among the Kyoto signatories were issued caps on their emissions and permitted to buy credits to meet those caps, there has been more than $300 billion worth of carbon transactions. The approval process for carbon offsets has two goals. THE APPROVAL PROCESS.

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Carbon Climate Change Climate Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2013

Achieved Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) fuel economy performance has exceeded the anticipated levels for 2012 and 2013 model years—the two years that the current standard has been in effect—according to a new analysis by Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI).

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Fuel Economy MPG 2013 2012 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2013

C bonds generated active carbon species that react directly with N 2 to form five- and six-membered aromatic rings at the broken edges, leading to solution-processable edge-nitrogenated graphene nanoplatelets (NGnPs).the Pristine graphite and commercially available Pt/C with the same mass loadings on GC were also measured as references.

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Solar Fuel Low Cost South Korea 262

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2012

However, they add, methods for estimating gasoline savings may be controversial, and depending on what reference point is used, subsidies tied to gasoline savings could have unintended consequences, such as the potential for separate reference points in each vehicle class encouraging consumers to purchase larger vehicle classes.

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Gasoline PHEV Gasoline-Electric Batteries 308

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2018

Considering electrification, autonomy and sharing (the “Three Revolutions”), a team from Boston University and the University of California, Berkeley projects that electricity use from light duty vehicle (LDV) transport will likely be in the 570–1140?TWh Their open-access study appears in the journal Energy Policy.

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Light Vehicles Electric Electrical 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2018

Researchers at Mississippi State University are developing technology that would alert pipeline managers about leaks as soon as failure begins, avoiding the environmental disasters and fuel distribution disruptions resulting from pipeline leaks. The electrons then travel across a resistor to a cathode.

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Oil Water Mississippi Gas 170

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2011

in a 1 M solution of LiPF 6 in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as the electrolyte. Variation in discharge capacity vs. cycle number for graphite, RGO, and Li-RGO cycled at a current rate of 25 mA/g between 3.0 V vs Li/Li +. Credit: ACS, Kumar et al. Click to enlarge.

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Li-ion Lithium Ion Batteries Battery 259

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2009

The information from this first set of organisms has provided a rich source of novel enzymes and detailed biochemical pathways that can help scientists optimize processes of critical importance to areas of the DOE mission, such as biofuels production, bioremediation, and how carbon is captured and cycled in the environment. It’s that simple.”

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Carbon 2007 Davis Environment 186