Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2011

The longer-term purpose of the ACC program, according to ARB, is to shape the development of light-duty transportation to contribute to meeting the state’s 2050 GHG reduction goal of 80% below 1990 levels. This rulemaking is an opportunity for the Board to commit to the transformation of California’s light-duty vehicle fleet.

Light 225

Light Clean Cleaning Emissions 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2011

The European Parliament has voted to introduce CO 2 limits in the EU for new vans and other light commercial goods vehicles. in 2017, the last year of the scheme. Emission performance standards for new light commercial vehicles. The upper weight limit for this category is 3.5 tonnes when loaded. in 2016 and 1.5

Light 186

Light CO2 Commercial Vehicles 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2012

The European Commission today proposed targets for the further reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from new cars and light commercial vehicles (vans) by 2020. grams in 2010 (the latest year for which figures are available) and a mandatory target of 175 grams in 2017. grams in 2011 and a mandatory target of 130 grams in 2015.

2020 268

2020 Light CO2 Cars 268

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed long-anticipated Tier 3 standards for gasoline sulfur content; evaporative emissions; and tailpipe emissions from all light-duty vehicles (LDVs, or passenger cars), light-duty trucks (LDT1s, LDT2s, LDT3s, and LDT4s) and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles (or MDPVs). Vehicle emissions.

EPA 286

EPA Gasoline Standards Emissions 286

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2019

Improvements to a class of battery electrolyte first introduced in 2017—liquefied gas electrolytes—could pave the way to replacing the graphite anode with a lithium-metal anode. cycling efficiency reported in the 2017 Science paper, and an 85% cycling efficiency for lithium metal anodes with a conventional (liquid) electrolyte.

Gas 247

Gas San Diego Li-ion Batteries 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2014

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized its Tier 3 emission standards for gasoline sulfur content; evaporative emissions; and tailpipe emissions from passenger cars, light-duty trucks, medium-duty passenger vehicles, and some heavy-duty vehicles. EPA had issued the proposed standards last March. Earlier post.). Gasoline sulfur.

EPA 300

EPA Standards Emissions Fuel 300

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2020

A new study by researchers at the University of Toronto has found that current US policies are insufficient to remain within a sectoral CO 2 emission budget for light-duty vehicles that is consistent with preventing more than 2?°C GtCO 2 (28% of the projected 2015–2050 light-duty vehicle fleet emissions). C global warming. Posen, I.D.

Climate Change 243

Climate Change Fleet Climate Vehicles 243

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2017

million for 30 new projects aimed at discovery and development of novel, low-cost materials necessary for hydrogen production and storage and for fuel cells onboard light-duty vehicles. Precursor Development for Low-Cost, High-Strength Carbon Fiber. Developing A New Polyolefin Precursor for Low-Cost, High- Strength Carbon Fiber.

Hydrogen 170

Hydrogen Carbon Fiber Fuel Low Cost 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2018

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) announced that 500,000 heavy-duty trucks manufactured by Cummins Inc. As CARB has done with light-duty vehicles (cars and pickups) for decades, it initiated a program in 2016 to bring private fleet-owned or rental trucks that had been operating for several years for testing.

EPA 199

EPA 2016 Emissions Dodge 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2017

Time sequence of images in a Sandia National Laboratories project that shows the extinction of light caused by a soot cloud formed during the injection of a diesel spray. The liquid fuel spray is seen at the bottom of the images and appears dark because the light passing through the combustion vessel is scattered by the liquid droplets.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Emissions Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2017

These fuel economy levels are achieved based on a sustained 4%–6% annual reduction of fuel use per mile with incremental technology additions that do not compromise vehicle size or utility at an incremental cost of $800–$1,300 from 2025 to 2030. Previous costs of compliance have been greatly overestimated. Lightweighting.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Price 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

Among the findings of the report, “HFC-134a phase-out in the Chinese light-duty motor vehicle sector”, was that, considering the social cost of CO 2 e, up to 1 trillion RMB in costs (US$150 billion) required to address climate change could be avoided through 2050 by transitioning to low-GWP alternative MACs. Background.

China 150

China Ozone Chinese United States 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2017

million for innovative research and development proposals to accelerate the use of electric vehicles, to reduce the cost of installing and operating charging stations, and to provide recommendations on how they can be used for grid resiliency. million light-duty, 2.5 million light-duty, 2.5

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New York Grid Plug-in Gas-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 28, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has posted a discussion document. Long-Term Plan for the Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) and Light- Duty Incentives—work to-date on the long-term plan required by Senate Bill (SB) 1275 (De León, Chapter 530, Statutes of 2014).

2016 150

2016 Carbon Transportation Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2010

Among the other findings: 78% favored regulations requiring the auto industry to reduce CO 2 emissions from light duty vehicles. Were a more stringent fuel economy standard to be implemented, 63% said it was likely the cost of vehicles will increase too much. The standards will cover model years 2017 to 2025.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy MPG Standards Economy 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2012

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has published the results of Lotus Engineering’s Phase 2 vehicle mass reduction study on a Crossover Utility Vehicle (CUV). The study also illustrates how a holistic, total vehicle approach to system mass and cost reduction can help offset the additional cost of a 37% mass reduced body structure.

Engine 347

Engine Production 2010 2020 347

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 31, 2016

The plan centers around four key opportunities: enhancing the bioenergy value proposition; mobilizing US biomass resources; cultivating end-use markets and customers; and. Mobilizing US biomass resources. expanding stakeholder engagement and collaboration. BETO strategic plan summary. Click to enlarge.

Transportation 207

Transportation Fuel Conversion Water 207

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

Alberta Innovates has teamed up with Natural Resources (NRCan) and industry partners to take three clean oil sands technologies to commercial demonstration. MEG targets annual production of 80,000-82,000 barrels per day in 2017. Steam generation is the main contributor to GHG emissions and the operating cost of bitumen production.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Clean Cleaning 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 8, 2014

Under that, the plan sketches out 3 strategic goals: Strategic Objective One: Advance the goals and objectives in the President’s Climate Action Plan by supporting prudent development, deployment, and efficient use of “all of the above” energy resources that also create new jobs and industries.

2014 225

2014 2018 Energy Climate Change 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2020

We need to go back to November 2017, to the start of the ‘Prius Revolution’ in the family. The cost of that usually starting just below $1,000 or changing the faulty modules (28 modules in a pack) individually that is much cheaper. The symptoms start with a check engine light (CEL) that sometimes comes on. How did it all start?

2004 409

2004 Prius Cheap 2009 409

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2017

Lightweight steel alloys based on the Fe-Al-X alloying system (where X stands for Mn, Ni and/or C) combine the low density and corrosion resistance of aluminium with the low cost of manufacturability of steel based alloys. Fe-Mn-Al-C steels show significantly varying characteristics, depending on their respective Al concentration.

Production 150

Production Manufacturer Low Cost 2017 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2017

The cost of producing Chinese-Pidgeon magnesium is $2.50/kg. The US Magnesium LLC cost, using a more environmentally sound approach, is approximately $3.31/kg.). US magnesium production uses an electrolytic process that requires approximately 43.6 kWh/kg and has emissions of 6.9 kgCO 2 /kg, according to ARPA-E.

Energy 236

Energy Production Coal Suzuki 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2017

Both the old and new PEC processes employ stacks of light-absorbing tandem semiconductors that are immersed in an acid/water solution (electrolyte) where the water-splitting reaction occurs to form hydrogen and oxygen gases. Continued improvements in cell efficiency and lifetime are needed to meet this target. Young, Myles A. France, John A.

Solar 207

Solar Hydrogen Production Water 207

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 7, 2017

Their study also found that acceleration tradeoffs can significantly reduce emissions associated with a particular level of the standards by mitigating incentives to shift sales toward larger vehicles and light trucks relative to passenger cars. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. 7b03743.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Design Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2011

The report expects aluminum to double its share of the light vehicle material mix by 2025 vs. the 2008 EPA baseline vehicle. For example, the trend line for aluminum hood penetration predicts a minimum share for aluminum of 41% by 2017 and 53% by 2025. kg) per year per light vehicle. Ducker Worldwide. Click to enlarge.

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2012 Downsizing Auto Industrial 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2017

This limitation becomes particularly significant for internal combustion engines, which benefit from light-weight materials compatible with higher temperatures for both the engine and nearby components. Cerium metal is highly available and low cost. —Sims et al. Sims, Orlando R. Rios, David Weiss, Patrice E. Lee, Tian T.

Low Cost 150

Low Cost Fuel Economy Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2011

By 2020, stop-start vehicles will represent more than one-third of all light-duty vehicle sales. to 1, and that gap will widen to a 16 to 1 ratio by 2017 because of the lower cost of SSVs compared to HEVs. SSVs are already outselling hybrids globally by a factor of 3.5 —Pike research director John Gartner.

Downsizing 230

Downsizing Prius Hybrid Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2010

The study investigated scenarios for two distinct vehicle architectures appropriate for production in 2017 and 2020. System Weight (kg) 2020 Venza 2017 Venza. Mass reduction % Cost factor % Mass reduction % Cost factor. The 2017 production interior mass was reduced from 250 kg to 182 kg with projected cost savings of 3%.

2020 230

2020 Engine Vehicles 2017 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2017

High solar conversion efficiency is key for a viable technology as that directly impacts the land area to be covered and ultimately impacts the cost of the system. Light is absorbed at the photoanode within the QD layer producing free electrons and holes. Click to enlarge. Yong Yan, Ryan W. Crisp, Jing Gu, Boris D. Pach, Ashley R.

Solar 150

Solar Water Energy Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2010

A new economic analysis in an issue brief from the Consumer Federation of America (CFA) is recommending that the Obama Administration set a fleet-wide car and light truck fuel economy standard of 60 mpg (3.92 The Obama Administration will release a Notice of Intent for 2017-2025 light duty fuel economy standards on 30 September.

MPG 225

MPG Standards America Fuel Economy 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA added a premium to the capital cost of CO 2 -intensive technologies to reflect current market behavior regarding possible future policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. It also assumed implementation of existing regulations that enable the building of new energy infrastructure and resource extraction.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. Tcf in the High Oil and Gas Resource case. Tcf in the High Oil and Gas Resource case.

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2011

The standards will phase in to the 2017 levels shown in Table 1. The agencies are setting corporate average standards for heavy-duty pickup trucks and vans, similar to the approach taken for light-duty vehicles. One alternative phases the final standards in at 15-20-40-60-100 percent in model years 2014-2015-2016-2017-2018.

Fuel Economy 344

Fuel Economy Standards Obama Economy 344

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2012

In November 2011, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Transportation’s (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) proposed standards for the secondary phase of the National Program (CAFE/GHG vehicle standards for model years 2017-2025), with a standard of 49.6 Earlier post.).

Detroit 225

Detroit Standards Fuel Economy Economy 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Further, the fossil fuel share of primary energy consumption falls from 82% in 2011 to 78% in 2040 as consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls, largely because of the incorporation of new fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles. quadrillion Btu in 2011 to 14.0 mpg in 2025.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2011

Furthermore, their results suggest that the incentive is larger for light trucks than for passenger cars, which could increase traffic safety risks. Carbon-dioxide emissions from these larger vehicles are 5–15% higher as a result (4.69×10 10 11 –5.17×10 10 11 kg for one year of produced vehicles compared to 4.47×10 Potential incentives for.

Standards 240

Standards Fuel Economy Vehicles Economy 240

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

least-cost) technology mix for each scenario. Using these shared forecasts, each technology’s percent contribution to the fuel efficiency target and weighted cost of. The combined weighted cost of implementing each of these technologies provides an average per vehicle cost estimate for obtaining the higher mile per gallon.

Fuel Economy 199

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards 199