Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2014

The Sandia researchers showed that the key to meeting the RFS2 targets is the fuel price differential between E85 fuel and conventional gasoline (low ethanol blends), so that E85 owners refuel with E85 whenever possible. Among their findings were: RFS2 is satisfied at extreme oil prices (at least $215/barrel). Barter, Dawn K.

Oil Prices 246

Oil Prices Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Oil 246

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

In their analysis, the authors examined the effect of 5 factors on EDV deployment: crude oil and natural gas prices; a federal CO 2 policy; a federal renewable portfolio standard (RPS); and EDV battery cost. No EDV deployment occurs with high battery costs, low oil prices, and no CO 2 policy.

Emissions 236

Emissions Oil Prices Vehicles Oil 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2016

BP has sanctioned the $9-billion Mad Dog Phase 2 project in the United States, despite the current low oil price environment. Since then, BP has worked with co-owners and contractors to simplify and standardize the platform’s design, reducing the overall project cost by about 60%. Earlier post.).

Mexico 150

Mexico Chevron Oil Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2011

Syria’s Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources has announced a tender for investing in oil shale in the Khanaser area, 103 km in southeastern Aleppo, over an area of 150 km 2 divided into 14 blocks with geological reserves of 2.3 Oil shale deposits in Syria. According to The Oil and Gas Journal , Syria had 2.5

Oil 278

Oil Syria Jordan Egypt 278

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

The National Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Project has released two major reports that synthesize its findings from the past several years of work: a Technical Analysis Report (TAR) and Policy Design Recommendations. Many options exist for meeting the standard.

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

China has abundant coal resources, and for more than a decade the country has increased its capacity to manufacture methanol using coal as a feedstock. China’s largest city, Shanghai, and 13 of China’s 23 provinces have approved local standards for methanol blends ranging from 5% to 100% methanol.

2000 150

2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2012

Put simply, the empirical results merely reflect the fact that ethanol production increased during the sample period whereas the ratio of gasoline to crude oil prices decreased. Smith is an Associate Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of California, Davis. Christopher R.

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Davis MIT Gasoline 2010 334

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2015

Still, with a resource potential both vast and untapped, the nation has never been far from energy investors’ minds. The question today is just how much Argentina is willing to change and how this plays into a low oil price environment that is already negatively impacting investment elsewhere. Oil prices are set at $77.50

Argentina 150

Argentina Oil Oil Prices Environment 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

new appliance standards and CAFE) and changes in the way energy is used in the US economy. Further, the fossil fuel share of primary energy consumption falls from 82% in 2011 to 78% in 2040 as consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls, largely because of the incorporation of new fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

It also assumed implementation of existing regulations that enable the building of new energy infrastructure and resource extraction. Under the Reference case, domestic crude oil production is expected to grow by more than 20% over the coming decade; already, domestic crude oil production increased from 5.1

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2010

Water constraints are especially problematic for oil shale production, because the reserves are located in the water-stressed states of Colorado, Wyoming and Utah. Market Risks : The economic competitiveness of oil shale and CTL is contingent on high oil prices.

Coal 210

Coal Oil Water Oil Prices 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2013

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) in the U.S. In addition, the industry faces barriers from the impending “blend wall” of 10% ethanol in gasoline and uncertainty regarding policies and oil prices. RFS and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard. has proved to be a limited driver thus far, with the U.S. —Miller et al.

Tax 262

Tax Tax Credit Industrial Industry 262

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2012

This is consistent with our strategy to develop positions in unconventional plays with large potential and, in this case, with value predominantly linked to oil price. This joint venture will provide us with a material position in a valuable long-term resource base under attractive terms and with a top-class operator.

Ohio 170

Ohio Buy Energy Oil Prices 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

The National Petrochemical & Refiners Association (NPRA) filed a legal challenge to California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) with the US District Court, Eastern District of California, Fresno Division. 1492, and the federal Renewable Fuels Standard. 109-58, 119 Stat. 110-140, 121 Stat. NPRA President Charles T. LCFS Complaint.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2009

A new report from the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)— The Canadian Oil Sands: Energy Security vs Climate Change — claims that prudent greenhouse gas regulations can limit emissions from Canadian oil sands while still enabling robust development of the energy resource. Tread carefully with any low-carbon fuel standard.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Climate Change Oil Climate 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

The KPMG study, “Expect the Unexpected: Building Business Value in a Changing World”, explores issues such as climate change, energy and fuel volatility, water availability and cost and resource availability, as well as population growth spawning new urban centers. Population Growth: The world population is expected to grow to 8.4

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil. by Brian J.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2009

The focus of the work was on alternative jet fuels that could be available commercially in the next decade using primarily North American resources. For world crude oil prices in the range of $100 per barrel, this amounts to a price impact of roughly $5 to $13 per barrel. million bpd.

MIT 250

MIT Oil-Sands Commercial Available 250

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2011

Level 1 charging only requires a standard power. The analysis is based on central forecasts of oil price, electricity. price and carbon pollution reduction scheme (CPRS)/carbon tax policy, and known information about the historic drivers for consumers in the vehicle. However, as EV and PHEV prices gradually reach.

PHEV 210

PHEV Oil Prices Australia Price 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards and CAFE standards increase new LDV fuel economy through model year 2025 and beyond, with more fuel-efficient new vehicles gradually replacing older vehicles on the road and raising the fuel efficiency of the LDV stock by an average of 2.0% per year, from 21.5 l/100 km) in 2012 to 37.2

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2009

Perspective by Deron Lovaas, Federal Transportation Policy Director, Natural Resources Defense Council. Oil is a strategic commodity second to none—it underlies the global economy and even the American way of life. Volatility hurts us too, for as we’ve learned the price of oil can rise sharply in a short period of time.

Oil 255

Oil Transportation Congress Fuel Economy 255

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2010

The gap between the intercept of the ethanol supply curve and the oil price creates large deadweight costs that may overwhelm any external benefits. However, production subsidies, import tariffs and sustainability standards do. Subsidies and mandates by themselves do not discriminate against international trade. Perspect.

Tax 210

Tax CO2 Renewable Standards 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In the absence of major technological innovations or policy changes, the United States is unlikely to meet cellulosic biofuel mandates under the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) by 2022, according to a new report from the National Research Council. Economic effects. Environmental effects.

Renewable 252

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

Market-based mechanisms (MBMs) are an option as complementary policy to vehicle CO 2 standards, fuels and infrastructure policies generating funds for member states to support new ultra-low-carbon vehicle and fuel technologies. For the reference case, the model assumed extension of the existing legislation to 2030.

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2012

Encouraging bio-manufacturing and its associated value chain development, and building upon its current expertise in producing conventional parts for automakers, may position the Great Lakes region at a global competitive advantage as oil prices climb, and the demand for more bio-based parts increases.

Polymer 218

Polymer Cars Automobile Standards 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

The Roadmap proposes completely transforming the US light-duty vehicle fleet into one in which grid-enabled mobility (grid-enabled vehicles, GEV) is the new conventional standard. Global Demand for Oil. World demand for oil would fall, leading to lower world oil prices. Resilience to Future Price Shocks.

Grid 186

Grid 2008 Vehicles Oil 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

produced more detailed analyses, but none combines the sectoral granularity, physical and resource constraints, and geographic scale needed for developing realistic technology and policy roadmaps. jurisdiction over electricity supply, transportation planning, building standards, and other key components of an energy. electricity.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric 262

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. —Brandt et al.

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

The cost of fossil-fuel subsidies has been driven up by higher oil prices; they remain most prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa, where momentum towards their reform appears to have been lost. Despite the growth in low-carbon sources of energy, fossil fuels remain dominant in the global energy mix, supported. — WEO-2012.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

The database includes joint Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and GHG emission standards for LDVs. The team explored other scenarios including different levels of CO 2 and CH 4 fees applied to the BAU and OPT scenarios; different levels of LDV demand; and different oil prices. —Keshavarzmohammadian et al. 6b04801.

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 5, 2009

Several researchers told GAO that the lack of agreement on standardized lifecycle assumptions and assessment methods, combined with key information gaps in such areas as feedstock yields and domestic and international nd-use data, greatly complicate EPA’s ability to promulgate this rule. specifies this year. per year for conventional ethanol.

Tax Credit 170

Tax Credit Industrial Industry Tax 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2009

Cellulosic biofuels can compete with oil at $90/bbl without subsidy assuming: average conversion yield of 91 gallons per dry ton of biomass; average conversion plant capital expenditure of $3.60 Sensitivity analyses varying these assumptions individually gave potential cost-competitiveness with oil priced at $70/bbl to $120/bbl.

GM 170

GM Production Conversion Oil Prices 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Penetration rates for the PHEV-10 and the PHEV-40 were compared to a Reference Case that assumes high oil prices and fuel economy standards specified by EISA 2007 (with modest increases after 2020, when those standards level off), as described in the 2008 Hydrogen Report from NRC.

Plug-in 186

Plug-in Plug PHEV Hybrid 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

Biomass resources of the US, with the Northwest circled. Standard 2 (RFS2) Program. Airlines are particularly vulnerable to oil price volatility, and the aviation community must address this issue to maintain economic growth and further mitigate the environmental impacts of our industry. Source: SAFN report, via NREL.

Oil 230

Oil Industrial Industry Renewable 230

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2011

DOE recognizes that technology developments can help make vehicles more efficient and alternative fuels more economic, but the deployment of any technologies it helps develop is largely determined by policies, such as Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards. Impartial DOE research can help inform these standards.

Transportation 218

Transportation Fuel Economy Light Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2011

Short-term pressures on oil markets are easing with the economic slowdown and the expected return of Libyan supply. But the average oil price remains high, approaching $120/barrel (in year-2010 dollars) in 2035. Oil and the Transport Sector: Reconfirming the End of Cheap Oil. Click to enlarge. Electric vehicles.

Oil 247

Oil Transportation Cheap Fleet 247

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

Will be competitive at an oil price of $45 to $90 at their commercial date. Technologies that stretch today’s assets and resources. These are “no-regret” technologies, as they represent actions that can be made today to make a significant impact on CO 2 , energy security and the optimization of local resources.

Transportation 262

Transportation Supplies Emissions Fuel 262