Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2009

Mascoma will then convert the feedstock to cellulosic ethanol through its proprietary process, which produces lignin as a by-product. Chevron has filed applications for two patents on processes to convert lignin to a hydrocarbon feedstock via hydroprocessing; both applications were published on 3 September 2009. Earlier post.)

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Chevron Convert Fuel Supplies 249

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2014

The cost of electrofuels—fuels produced by catalyst-based systems for light capture, water electrolysis, and catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to liquid fuels—remains far away from viable, according to a new analysis by Lux Research. Production costs per barrel of oil equivalent. Source: Lux Research.

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Cost Of North Carolina Conversion Hydrogen 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2010

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, led by Dr. James Dumesic, have developed a process to convert aqueous solutions of ?-valerolactone Additionally, the yield of high molecular weight alkenes from GVL would benefit from the development of water-tolerant oligomerization catalysts. Credit: Bond et al., Click to enlarge.

Wisconsin 210

Wisconsin Convert Hydrogen Transportation 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 27, 2011

The reaction removes nearly all of the oxygen from the oil as both carbon dioxide and water, and without the need for any outside source of hydrogen to remove the oxygen. Wheeler (2010) Energy Densification of Levulinic Acid by Thermal Deoxygenation, Green Chemistry 12, 1353–1356 DOI: 10.1039/C005067A. Resources. Schwartz, A.

Hydrogen 247

Hydrogen Fuel Convert Oil 247

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2012

Other successful initiatives—highlighted in Ford’s 13th annual Sustainability Report—include reductions in water use, waste-to-landfill and CO 2 emissions as well as improvements in vehicle fuel economy and safety. The company also announced plans to reduce usage another 25% on a per-vehicle basis by 2016.

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2016 Ford Manufacturer Energy 256

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2012

The MEC uses electricity to split water into oxygen and hydrogen. The bacterium uses the hydrogen as an energy source to take in carbon dioxide and convert it to a biofuel, which it then emits. Source: Berkeley Lab. Click to enlarge. Metabolic flux from existing R. eutropha.

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Production Fuel Hydrogen Water 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Ignite Energy Resources supercritical water process diagram. IER’s proprietary supercritical water technology (SCW) transforms low-ranked coals, including lignite, directly into higher-valued oils and cleaner coal products. Work is expected to begin in mid-July with the initial plant operating by the second quarter of 2010.

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Coal Water Energy Australia 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2009

SOLVE adds a solvent to the steam in SAGD (basic operation depicted above) to reduce energy input and water consumption. Unlike surface mined oil sands, in-situ recovery involves much less land disturbance, but still requires the use of water and natural gas in the steam production process. Source: StatoilHydro. Click to enlarge.

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Oil-Sands Oil Water Canada 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2013

Asymmetric ultracapacitors achieve greater energy density versus today’s Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) by combining one activated carbon EDLC ion-adsorption electrode with one ion-insertion (battery-like) electrode. with the double-layer charge storage mechanism in the activated carbon. While emerging new converters.

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Building Energy Lead Acid DC 304

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2012

ARA has developed a catalytic hydrothermolysis (CH) process to convert triglycerides (e.g., The cost-efficient CH PROCESS uses water to reduce hydrogen consumption, catalyst consumption, and carbon footprint compared to other alternative fuel conversion processes. Earlier post.). Overview of the ReadiJet process.

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Chevron Alternative Fuels Global Diesel 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2013

Asymmetric ultracapacitors achieve greater energy density versus today’s Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) by combining one activated carbon EDLC ion-adsorption electrode with one ion-insertion (battery-like) electrode. with the double-layer charge storage mechanism in the activated carbon. While emerging new converters.

Building 275

Building Energy Lead Acid DC 275

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO 2 e.

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Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 12, 2010

A pair of Greek researchers are developing new nanomembrane reactors for steam-methane/hydrocarbon reforming and water gas shift reactions. H 2 , CO and CO 2 ) at the reactor exit can be used as fuel in mostly solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells. hydrogen) via the inorganic membrane out of the conversion/reaction zone.

Fuel 218

Fuel Conversion Hydrogen Gas 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2013

Converting a corn ethanol plant to produce biobutanol requires changes to the fermentation step (mainly a new microorganism) and to alcohol recovery from the fermentation. Butanol is a four-carbon aliphatic alcohol (C 4 H 10 O). Fermentation to convert the sugars to iso-butanol using a proprietary microorganism. Source: Butamax.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Water Convert Minnesota 230

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2010

320-390 °C, 200-420 bar) aqueous phase process which converts biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin into a high-octane gasoline fraction. New Oil Resources’ process uses near-critical water to treat the biomass in a process commonly referred to as hydrothermal liquefaction or thermal depolymerization.

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Oil Gasoline Commercial Conversion 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2010

Renault held a “2010 Environment Workshop” last week to showcase its progress across its range of vehicles’ full lifecycle through the Renault eco² program. When the engine starts from cold, the valve is closed and prevents water from circulating around the combustion chambers. Fuel consumption suffers, too.

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Environment Engine 2010 Parts 230

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

Variations in atmosphere carbon dioxide around 40 million years ago were tightly coupled to changes in global temperature, according to new findings published in the journal Science. ” —Pearson (2010). Their analyses indicate that MECO carbon dioxide levels must have at least doubled over a period of around 400,000 years.

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CO2 Global Netherlands Carbon 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2010

In addition, while iron-based catalysts produce carbon dioxide as a by-product, cobalt-based systems produce mostly water as a by-product thus, a greener, more sustainable, benign. The COSI reactor design takes care of the generated heat, reducing the risk of sintering and plugging due to carbon formation. The next step is to.

Florida 210

Florida Universal Fuel 2010 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2010

First, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the Renewable Fuel Standard Program (RFS2) rule to implement the long-term renewable fuels standard of 36 billion gallons by 2022 established by Congress and also issued the targets for 2010. The EPA also set the 2010 RFS volume standard at 12.95

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Obama Coal Clean Cleaning 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

While this is DNV’s second MOU with KOGAS, following the first in 2010 to cooperate on EHSQ (environment, health, safety and quality) issues, DNV is the first international risk management organization in Korea to cooperate with KOGAS on research and development projects in the LNG sector.

Gas 218

Gas Corporation Environment 2008 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Terrestrial bioenergy feedstock crops such as switchgrass, canola and corn have lower environmental lifecycle impacts than algae in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and water regardless of cultivation location, according to a new lifecycle assessment by researchers at the University of Virginia. 0.4 ± 0.05. 1.8 ± 0.58. 3.3 ± 0.86.

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Water Waste Energy Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2010

Oil shale” is shale containing kerogen, a combination of chemical compounds that can be converted into synthetic petroleum. The kerogen in oil shale is solid organic material that has not been subject to the temperature, pressure, and other geologic conditions required to convert it to liquid form. Cleveland and O’Connor.

Oil 199

Oil Cleveland Carbon Boston 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2011

Summit Power Group, LLC and Blue Strategies, LLC have signed a 15-year CO 2 offtake agreement with Whiting Petroleum Corporation for some of the CO 2 that will be captured by Summit’s Texas Clean Energy Project ( TCEP ), a coal gasification with carbon capture polygen project being developed in Penwell, Texas, outside Odessa. Earlier post.).

Coal 186

Coal Texas Oil CO2 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2010

General Motors said that 52% of its worldwide facilities are now landfill-free; i.e., all waste generated from normal operations is reused, recycled or converted to energy. million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) emissions from entering the atmosphere. This year alone, GM has recycled or reused 2.5

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GM Waste Convert Sierra 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

This in turn raises temperatures inside the catalytic converter, and over time, this can accelerate catalyst deterioration. In addition, excess oxygen in the exhaust can inhibit proper functioning of the catalytic converter and lead to increased emissions of NO x. Phase separation of water and ethanol from gasoline.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2010

Field testing the potential for combining geologic carbon dioxide storage with enhanced methane recovery is underway at a site in Alabama by a US Department of Energy (DOE) team of regional partners. The SECARB members began injecting CO 2 at the Alabama test site on 15 June 2010.

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Alabama El Paso CO2 Mississippi 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

Carbon steel coupons after 60 days of exposure to Key West seawater and biodiesel under anaerobic conditions. (b, The organisms hydrolyze biodiesel and convert it to a variety of fatty acid intermediates, which are also metabolized. Suflita (2010) Anaerobic Metabolism of Biodiesel and Its Impact on Metal Corrosion. Aktas et al.

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Mariner Oklahoma Oil Environment 287

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2010

We estimate that on an annual basis in 2010, albedo changes from loss of sea ice and snow cover, along with accelerating methane emissions, are heating the planet at a rate equivalent to approximately 3 billion metric tons of CO 2. Rapid melting of the Arctic region could carry a minimum global cost of US$2.4 trillion to $24.1

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Environment Climate Climate Change 2010 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2010

Carbon dioxide is the renewable carbon source, which is converted to sugars by plants, and those plant sugars can be converted to isobutanol using the Gevo Integrated Fermentation Technology, or GIFT. Isobutanol may be converted into isooctane, which can be used to reduce gasoline’s RVP and increasing its octane rating.

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Renewable Fuel Companies Polymer 252

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2011

As described in the paper, the team of Jie Fu, Xiuyang Lu, and Phillip Savage converted five different fatty acids prevalent in nature—stearic, palmitic, lauric, oleic, and linoleic—to alkanes over a commercial 5% Pt/C catalyst in high-temperature water (330 °C). —Fu et al. and Savage, P. 201000370.

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Transportation Fuel Hydrogen Convert 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2011

Red Wolf, formed in 2010, is in the process of raising $3 million through an equity offering to commercialize the thermal-chemical catalytic process. Two product streams exit this reactor, free fatty acids (mixed with water) and sweet water (glycerol mixed with water). Step 1: Hydrolysis. Click to enlarge. Deoxygenation.

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Commercial 2016 Production Water 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2010

In May, the Lenfest Center and Risø DTU hosted a one-day conference—“Sustainable Fuels from CO 2 , H 2 O, and Carbon-Free Energy”—addressing technologies that can be used to recycle CO 2 into carbon-neutral liquid hydrocarbon fuels using renewable or nuclear energy. The co-electrolysis process was featured in several of the talks.

Fuel 255

Fuel CO2 Production Conversion 255

Green Car Congress

MARCH 23, 2011

Construction at the massive Pearl GTL project, Qatar, 2010. The pure methane that remains will then flow to the GTL section of the plant, where it will be converted in a three-stage process into a range of gas-to-liquids products using Shell proprietary technology: Making syngas. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.)

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Gas Qatar Convert 2012 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2010

New projects to be funded this year aim at enhancing productivity, yield, nutrient and water utilization, and sustainability of plant feedstocks. Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy 2010 Awards. Functional Analysis of Regulatory Networks Linking Shoot Maturation, Stem Carbon Partitioning, and Nutrient Utilization in Sorghum.

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Illinois Universal Water Missouri 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2010

The electrochemical reduction of CO 2 can produce several products, including formic acid, carbon monoxide, methane, ethylene, and methanol. The key requirement, of course, is that the electricity used to convert the CO 2. Kenis (2010) Prospects of CO 2 Utilization via Direct Heterogeneous Electrochemical Reduction.

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Conversion CO2 Hydrogen Carbon 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2015

The hybrid super sports concept car made its debut at the 2010 Geneva International Motor Show, and was launched on the market as a limited series in late 2013. The 918 technology platform also blazed new trails with spectacular solutions like the all-carbon body, fully variable aerodynamics and adaptive rear axle steering.

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Porsche Plug-in Manufacturer Hybrid 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2010

Researchers from the Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) in Germany have shown that hydrocarbon yield and energy efficiency can be increased in a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) biomass-to-liquids (BTL) process through the use of a hydrophilic membrane enabling the in situ removal of water from the catalyst bed. Unruh et al. Unruh et al.

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Kits Coal Conversion Carbon 218