Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2020

Overall, US energy-related CO 2 emissions have fallen 15% from their peak of 6,003 MMmt in 2007. In 2019, CO 2 emissions from petroleum fuels—nearly half of which are associated with motor gasoline consumption—fell by 0.8%, and CO 2 emissions from the use of natural gas increased by 3.3%.

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2019 CO2 Energy 2017 273

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2019

mb/d, its strongest level since 2007. Consumer gasoline demand, measured by total motor gasoline deliveries, was 9.6 compared with July 2018, even as gasoline prices were 3.6% Consumer gasoline demand, measured by total motor gasoline deliveries, was 9.6 mb/d in July—a decrease of 1.4% from June and 0.4%

2005 207

2005 Fuel 2018 Oil 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2019

above 1990 levels in 2007. Almost all of the energy consumed for transportation was supplied by petroleum-based products, with more than half being related to gasoline consumption in automobiles and other highway vehicles. Relative to the 1990 baseline, gross emissions in 2017 were higher by 1.6%, down from a high of 15.7%

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2017 2016 Emissions EPA 262

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2011

Current case design block flow diagram of thermochemical gasoline from biomass-derived methanol and the methanol-to-gasoline process. Gasoline has a higher energy content than ethanol.) Source: NREL. Click to enlarge. gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon ($0.37/liter). per gallon ($0.41 per liter) and $1.49

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric Convert 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2009

GM’s SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture signed a framework agreement with GM’s former Latin America, Africa and Middle East operations and distribution agreements with individual countries to export and distribute two of its most popular mini-commercial vehicles from China to markets in South America, the Middle East and North Africa.

South America 199

South America Africa GM America 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2011

This bio-oil will then be upgraded to gasoline, jet and diesel fuels using catalytic hydroprocessing technology being developed by UOP. Organizationally, for the purposes of the DOE contract, Honeywell opted to go just with UOP; however, the RTP technology is the same as still being commercialized by Envergent. Earlier post.).

Hawaii 225

Hawaii Gasoline Oil-Sands Diesel 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2010

EPA has issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) on lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft using leaded aviation gasoline (avgas). Aviation gasoline is utilized in general aviation aircraft with piston engines—which are generally used for instructional flying, air taxi activities, and personal transportation.

EPA 199

EPA Gasoline Emissions 2008 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

Among all zero CO 2 emission technologies, fuel cell electric vehicles have a definitive advantage with range and refueling time that is as good as conventional gasoline cars. —Dan Akerson, GM chairman and CEO. —Takanobu Ito, president & CEO of Honda Motor Co. Earlier post.). Earlier post.)

Honda 268

Honda GM 2020 Fuel 268

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2009

St1 will concentrate on optimizing high-blend bio-ethanol designed to replace fossil gasoline for Finnish conditions and minimizing the environmental impact of its use, while Neste Oil will focus on developing other bio-components suitable for blending with conventional gasoline.

Oil 244

Oil Gasoline Finland Gasoline-Electric 244

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2014

By GM’s estimate, using hydrogen to power these vehicles, the fleet has avoided 157,894 gallons of gasoline consumption. This specially equipped fleet of Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell vehicles are part of GM’s 119-vehicle Project Driveway program, which launched in 2007. Last year, GM announced two fuel cell-related collaborations.

GM 239

GM Fleet Miles Fuel 239

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

Emissions from transportation sources were relatively constant from 2002 through 2007, declined through 2013, then increased by 9.0 Emissions from gasoline used in on-road vehicles are the main driver of that increase. It does not include emissions from petroleum refineries and oil production. Source: ARB.

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2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2011

The project would convert wood biomass into drop in biofuels such as gasoline and diesel fuel. The first plant under that agreement (and the company’s first commercial unit overall) will be located in Columbus, MS and funded by the proceeds of a $75-million loan from the State of Mississippi. KiOR, Inc., Earlier post.)

Mississippi 252

Mississippi Columbus Fuel Arkansas 252

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2009

have expanded their collaboration to develop better biocatalysts that could accelerate commercialization of next-generation biofuels. The research program with Codexis aims to enhance the Iogen process and shorten the timeline to its full-scale commercial deployment. Royal Dutch Shell plc and Codexis , Inc. Earlier post.)

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Commercial Hungary Convert Mariner 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2013

US Commercial-scale production of cellulosic biofuels reached about 20,000 gallons in late 2012, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Nor, despite the growth potential over the next several years, has the path to commercial biofuels been smooth. Planned cellulosic biofuel production by 2015. Source: EIA.

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EPA Renewable 2007 2012 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2009

The third phase of a SDG&E multi-year in-use study on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles showed that plug-in hybrids offer significant improvements in gas mileage and reductions in emissions when compared with standard hybrid-electric and gasoline internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

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Gasoline-Electric San Diego Gasoline PHEV 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 3, 2016

The updated trucks, which were originally purchased in September 2015, deliver up to four times the fuel economy of a gasoline-powered vehicle, UPS said. The small ICE could be outfitted for gasoline, propane, or CNG. AMP Electric Vehicles was established in 2007 as a developmental-stage vehicle electrification company.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Engine Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2013

Gasoline and diesel. Nearly all gasoline sold in the US is now E10 (10% ethanol). If gasoline demand continues to decline, as currently forecast, continuing growth in the use of ethanol will require greater use of higher ethanol blends such as E15 and E85. the ethanol “blend wall”. 1st production. 2014 volume. 0 – 18.

2014 255

2014 EPA Renewable Standards 255

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

Conversion kits also will be available to switch medium-duty gasoline vehicles to run on propane. LPI is a direct replacement of the OEM gasoline injection system. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), also known as propane or autogas, can be used to replace gasoline and diesel. million grant to support the project’s development.

USA 239

USA Engine Alternative Fuels Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2017

Cellulosic ethanol reduces greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 80% compared to gasoline. Under the federal Renewable Fuel Standard that was enacted in 2007, the cellulosic ethanol production mandate limit increases each year to up to 16 billion gallons per year by 2022. per gallon, about $3.00 per gallon, about $3.00

India 170

India Renewable MIT Carbon 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2009

In 2007, the US Army awarded Quantum a $4.88-million The proprietary 4-wheel drivetrain can be configured for specialized military as well as commercial applications. In 2008 Quantum introduced a gasoline plug-in-hybrid electric drive—Q-Drive—in the Fisker KARMA 4-door sports sedan. Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

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Diesel All-Electric Hybrid Fisker 218

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OCTOBER 30, 2010

Earlier in October, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) granted a waiver for fuel containing up to 15% ethanol (E15) for model year 2007 and newer cars and light trucks. Earlier post.)

Renewable 218

Renewable Market Fuel Sale 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2015

The first scenario applied the annual required RFS Renewable Volume Obligation (RVO) percentages, as established by EPA rulemakings, to the volumes of fossil-based, non-renewable gasoline and diesel used in the United States.

Carbon 150

Carbon Emissions 2005 Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2009

INEOS Bio, a subsidiary of INEOS, the world’s third-largest chemicals company, has started a feasibility study for a plant in the UK to convert locally generated biodegradable household and commercial wastes into carbon neutral road transport fuel and clean electricity, using the INEOS Bio technology process. Earlier post.).

Waste 281

Waste Climate Change Clean Cleaning 281

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2012

Four new corporate partners—Best Buy, Johnson Controls, Pacific Gas and Electric, and Veolia—are joining the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Clean Fleets Partnership, a broad public-private partnership that assists the nation’s largest fleet operators in reducing the amount of gasoline and diesel they use nationwide.

Corporation 210

Corporation Fleet Clean Cleaning 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2009

Gevo’s technology enables the cost-effective, practical production of renewable hydrocarbons such as isooctene and isooctane for the gasoline market, renewable jet fuel and renewable diesel blendstocks. Gevo has already produced renewable gasoline and jet fuel that meet or exceed all ASTM specifications. Joseph, Missouri at ICM’s St.

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Renewable Companies Missouri Low Cost 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2012

The three winning companies are: Umpqua Energy , a startup company based in Medford, Oregon, is using an Argonne National Laboratory technology to develop a system that allows a gasoline engine to operate in an extreme lean burn mode in order to increase gasoline mileage.

Hydrogen 279

Hydrogen Engine Energy Batteries 279

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2015

The expansion of the RFS in 2007 goes far beyond just replacing MTBE with ethanol as the required fuel oxygenate (and avoiding lawsuits ). There’s no way to get gasoline (CI score: 95) to hit the 86 level without severe cannibalization of their gasoline business. The oil industry would seem to be understandably upset about it.

Oil 150

Oil San Francisco Tax Credit Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2011

The new partners—Coca-Cola, Enterprise Holdings, General Electric, OSRAM SYLVANIA, Ryder, and Staples—operate a total of nearly a million commercial vehicles nationwide. This project is expected to save 1.5 million gallons of diesel fuel per year.

Corporation 231

Corporation Clean Cleaning Fleet 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2013

Cellulosic gasoline and diesel company KiOR, Inc. is pursuing plans to double production capacity at its Columbus, Mississippi, facility through construction of a second facility incorporating KiOR’s commercially proven technology. Khosla Ventures incubated KiOR in 2007 and is the lead investor. Earlier post.).

Columbus 210

Columbus Fuel Production Mississippi 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2013

Nearly 65% of the emissions resulted from gasoline consumption for personal vehicle use. Light duty vehicles (including passenger cars and light-duty trucks) represented 61% of CO 2 emissions, medium- and heavy-duty trucks 22%, commercial aircraft 7%, and other sources 11%.

2011 218

2011 EPA Transportation Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

The Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) will recruit 500 people from Wright and Hennepin counties to take part in research to test technology that could someday be used to collect a mileage-based user fee (MBUF) in lieu of a gasoline tax. —Cory Johnson, project manager. —Ben Pierce, Battelle’s Project Manager.

Fuel Tax 262

Fuel Tax Tax Minnesota Fuel 262

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2010

Actually delivering commercially viable 500-mile batteries will require exascale computing—i.e., Modeling and Simulation at the Exascale for Energy and the Environment (DOE, 2007). NZN Needs the Exa Era. ultra-high performance computing with computing speed on the scale of 1 x 10 18 operations per second, Weigand says.

Neighborhood 273

Neighborhood Energy Storage Grid Transportation 273

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2009

is introducing Ethanol Boosted Direct Injection (EBDI) technology to optimize flex-fuel engines to a level of performance the company says will exceed gasoline engine efficiency and approach levels previously reached only by diesel engines. Ricardo, Inc. Earlier post.). The prototype EBDI is a 3.2-liter

Engine 150

Engine Fuel Economy Gasoline MIT 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2012

The US Department of Energy (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program (FCT) is soliciting ( DE-FOA-0000680 ) ideas for H-Prize topics ( earlier post ) and criteria for advancements that would help to enable the widespread commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. 654 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 ( P.L.

IDEA 218

IDEA Hydrogen Solar Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2013

EPA’s 2012 rule requires that refiners and importers of gasoline and diesel must use 8.65 million gallons of cellulosic biofuels despite a lack of commercial supply of the fuel—a requirement that the API at the time called “divorced from reality.”.

2012 244

2012 Standards DC EPA 244

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2014

The five major fuel consuming sectors contributing to CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion are electricity generation, transportation, industrial, residential, and commercial. Carbon dioxide from the domestic operation of commercial aircraft increased by 3% (3.4 Commercial aircraft emissions have decreased 19% since 2007.

2005 252

2005 2012 EPA 2011 252

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2015

The addition of biomass derived ethanol to gasoline in the transportation sector is an important step in the utilization of renewable energy. The Energy Independence And Security Act of 2007 requires 36 billion gallons of biomass derived fuel by 2022 but ethanol demand is capped at ~14 billion gallons due to “blend-wall” at 10–15%.

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Conversion Cost Of Energy Renewable 150