Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The study used two fuels—an E10 and E15. SULEV30, ULEV50, ULEV70, and ULEV125).

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone 259

Ozone Obama Standards EPA 259

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In this study, to improve absorption performance of SO 2 and NO 2 , we added ozone in exhaust gas. Osaka et al. 2018.12.077.

Exhaust 320

Exhaust Ozone Japan Diesel 320

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

The levels of these non-fuel-derived gases will likely remain unchanged, even as more drivers transition from gas-powered to electric vehicles. Another important component of emissions is volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a broad classification of carbon-based molecules that are easily vaporized and that can contribute to ozone formation.

Emissions 397

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone 397

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

New airborne measurements downwind from an Archer Daniels Midland fuel ethanol plant in Decatur, Illinois, show that ethanol emissions are 30 times higher than government baseline estimates. VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. —Joost de Gouw.

Ozone 150

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. In addition to CO 2 , air traffic causes condensation trails and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions from the combustion of the airplane’s fuel.

Climate 448

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change 448

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change 262

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon 262

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America 199

North America Ozone Asia America 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

They found that reductions in ground ozone during this 35-year period resulted in $600 million in increased production annually by the early 2010s. Another difference is that some grains can be annually modified to withstand greater heat and even higher ozone levels in the air. An open-access paper on the work appears in Nature Food.

Ozone 186

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), PM is primarily generated by fuel combustion in different sectors, including transport, energy, households, industry, and from agriculture. and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. nitrogen dioxide (NO?)

Pollution 435

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone 435

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution 223

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal 223

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and Extraction and transport of fossil fuel. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Ozone 218

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2018

The staff of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) is proposing amendments to the Fill Pipes Specifications to help ensure new motor vehicle fill pipes continue to be compatible and to form a good seal with Phase II recovery nozzles that are certified for use at California gasoline stations, thereby reducing overpressure.

Gasoline 210

Gasoline Fuel Sacramento Ozone 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Besides the engine type and fuel, those who use the Carculator can also enter the size category of the vehicles to be compared, from subcompact cars to vans.

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust. Under the engine operating conditions used, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant carbonyl compounds for both test fuels. Jakober, 2008). CFT had 16.5–44.1%

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

The California Air Resources Board released GHG emissions data for 2018 showing that emissions remain below 1990 levels but are effectively flat compared to 2017, while the economy grew by 4.3%. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 million metric tons, compared to 424.5

2020 221

2020 California Emissions 2018 221

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2019

and tropospheric ozone. This assessment also tracks exposure to household air pollution from burning fuels such as coal, wood, or biomass for cooking. Ozone accounted for about 472,000 early deaths in 2017. Numbers of deaths attributable to air pollution in countries around the world in 2017. Ambient PM 2.5 accounted for 2.9

Pollution 273

Pollution Ozone 2017 2019 273

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2021

This problem is even more pronounced in hybrid-electric vehicles, which require special measures to address evaporative emissions as the gas engine only operates intermittently, creating the need to store pressurized fuel vapor. The technology reduces harmful fuel vapor with 98% efficiency during the vehicle refueling process.

Eaton 221

Eaton Emissions Gasoline-Electric Production 221

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2019

The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. A potentially more effective way to reduce PM 2.5 —Caroline Womack. Womack, C.

Pollution 223

Pollution Ozone Utah Denver 223

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. With the reduction in on-road black carbon, regulators are turning to focus on off-road mobile, fuel combustion in the industrial and power sectors, and woodstoves and fireplaces.

Pollution 150

Pollution California Emissions Climate 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Dalsøren et al.

Emissions 210

Emissions Global Ozone 2011 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

(A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) Under extreme circumstances, this previously unknown chemistry could account for up to 40 parts per billion (ppb) of ozone; the current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8-hour average standard is 75 ppb.

Ozone 150

Ozone Pollution 2009 Coal 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2013

has paid $422,500 in penalties for supplying gasoline and diesel fuel in violation of California regulations designed to protect air quality. Chevron agreed to pay the penalties as part of three separate settlements it reached with the California Air Resources Board (ARB). million gallons of fuel were in violation of state regulations.

Chevron 230

Chevron California San Jose Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. increase in block fuel burn. increase in block fuel burn. Furthermore, SCR systems require ultra-low sulfur (ULS) fuel to prevent catalytic fouling. Speth, Sebastian D.

MIT 268

MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric 268

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2011

The California Air Resources Board on Thursday adopted the final greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cap-and-trade regulation. the second, starting in 2015, brings in distributors of transportation fuels, natural gas and other fuels. the destruction of existing stores of ozone-depleting substances in the U.S. Earlier post.)

2012 218

2012 California Climate Change Climate 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Key research questions focused on components of air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) that are particularly damaging to the cardiovascular system and mechanisms that damage the vessels.

Pollution 220

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland 220

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 battery electric or fuel cell) and plug-in hybrid light-duty vehicles and up to $20,000 for the purchase of ARB-certified or approved zero-emission commercial vehicles on a first-come, first-served basis. The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g.,

Plug-in 225

Plug-in California Emissions Plug 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2013

Higher octane fuels can lead to higher compression ratios which in turn can lead to more efficient gasoline engines and reduced fuel consumption. such a fuel would result in equivalent emissions performance. such a fuel would result in equivalent emissions performance. Earlier post.) Earlier post.) psi RVP increase.

EPA 255

EPA Fuel Parts Gasoline 255

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2018

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved a plan to mitigate statewide harm from more than 10,000 tons of smog-causing pollutants released in the state due to Volkswagen’s (VW) use of illegal “defeat devices” in diesel passenger cars. More than 10 million Californians live in areas in extreme non-compliance areas for ozone.

Ozone 277

Ozone Vehicles California Emissions 277

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

In California’s Los Angeles Basin, levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants have decreased by about 98% since the 1960s, even as area residents now burn approximately three times as much gasoline and diesel fuel. even though the fuel sale in California increased by about a factor of three over the same time period.

Los Angeles 285

Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002 285

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2016

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) jointly released the finalized Phase 2 greenhouse gas and fuel efficiency standards for medium- and heavy-duty trucks. California to keep pushing for more stringent regulations.

EPA 150

EPA Fuel Standards Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Biofuels such as ethanol, biodiesel, and renewable diesel can displace fossil fuels and reduce the amount of fossil-based CO 2 emissions released into the atmosphere.

2017 230

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

The results, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science , suggest that the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted, the authors suggested. Shown in the bottom row are sales data of fuels for mobile sources (from Fig. 1A) and sales data of volatile chemical products.

Pollution 264

Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles 264

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

This lockstep movement illustrates a very tight correlation between fuel choice and nanoparticles in the air. In the first, they found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to mostly switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Singapore Brazil Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

On the first day of a two-day board meeting—the second day of which (Friday 24 March) will consider the Advanced Clean Cars Midterm Review—the California Air Resources Board (ARB) took a number of climate and air quality actions. emissions by more than 20%. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate 199

Climate California Ozone Pollution 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

Data collected during a major 2010 state-federal atmospheric research project show that the first-in-the-nation regulation requiring ocean-going vessels to use clean fuel when near the California coast has been extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution from ships, according to the California Air Resources Board (ARB).

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. Abiotic Resource Depletion Potential (kg Sb equivalent). consumption leading to resources and abiotic depletion.

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364