Emissions, Fuel, Ozone and Resource

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. Locations and fuel types of rocket launches in 2019. Ryan et al.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China 2013

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. This new study is based on a thorough review of a decade of research on aviation emissions. The formation and emission of sulfate aerosol yields a negative (cooling) term.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

Essam El-Hannouny, a principal mechanical engineer at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, won a Technology Commercialization Fund (TCF) Award from DOE to expand his research on how a renewable alcohol-based biofuel can serve as a dual fuel to help decarbonize locomotive engines. Image by Progress Rail.).

Carbon

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The study used two fuels—an E10 and E15. SULEV30, ULEV50, ULEV70, and ULEV125).

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

Eaton introduces set of products to reduce vapor emissions during refueling; LEV III regulations

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2021

Power management company Eaton has introduced a complete suite of solutions from its Vehicle Group to reduce vapor emissions produced during the refueling of gasoline-powered vehicles. If fuel vapor is released into the atmosphere, it contributes to a category of pollutants known as evaporative emissions.

Eaton

Eaton Emissions Gasoline-Electric Production

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 Transportation emissions declined 1.5

2020

2020 California Emissions 2018

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?3

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. Now, MIT engineers are proposing using an ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that could result in an approximately 95% reduction in NO x emissions in exchange for a ~0.5%

MIT

MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

New airborne measurements downwind from an Archer Daniels Midland fuel ethanol plant in Decatur, Illinois, show that ethanol emissions are 30 times higher than government baseline estimates. VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. That is where this study fits in.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2015

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Dalsøren et al. Carpenter, Alastair C.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. Overview of GHG Emissions from the Transportation Sector.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

US reaches $1.5B settlement with Daimler AG over emissions cheating in Mercedes-Benz diesels; civil penalty of $875M

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2020

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USDepartment of Justice (DOJ), and California Air Resources Board (CARB) announced a proposed settlement with Daimler AG and its American subsidiary Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC resolving alleged violations of the Clean Air Act and California law associated with emissions cheating.

District of Columbia

District of Columbia Emissions Diesel Mercedes

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities. Copyright : Taylor & Francis.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In this study, to improve absorption performance of SO 2 and NO 2 , we added ozone in exhaust gas. Osaka et al. 2018.12.077.

Exhaust

Exhaust Ozone Japan Diesel

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust. Under the engine operating conditions used, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant carbonyl compounds for both test fuels. Jakober, 2008). CFT had 16.5–44.1%

Coal

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

The transportation sector was responsible for over 7 million tons of NO x emissions in the US in 2014, with 50% of this sector’s NO x attributed to heavy-duty on- and off-road vehicles and equipment. NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Source of data: US EPA (2019). Chart: MECA.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

The entire life cycle of the passenger cars is taken into account, including the manufacture of the vehicles and the environmentally relevant emissions from driving. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.].

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Researchers suggest that air quality tests need simplifying to help reduce dangerous emissions

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 26, 2019

New methods of testing and simulating air quality should be considered in order to help policy makers have a more accurate understanding of how emissions affect air pollution levels, new research suggests. Stockwell, Emily Saunders, Wendy S. Goliff & Rosa M.

Emissions

Emissions El Paso Pollution Ozone

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

They found that reductions in ground ozone during this 35-year period resulted in $600 million in increased production annually by the early 2010s. Another difference is that some grains can be annually modified to withstand greater heat and even higher ozone levels in the air. An open-access paper on the work appears in Nature Food.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

CARB staff proposing amendments to Fill Pipes specs for gasoline-fueled cars

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2018

The staff of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) is proposing amendments to the Fill Pipes Specifications to help ensure new motor vehicle fill pipes continue to be compatible and to form a good seal with Phase II recovery nozzles that are certified for use at California gasoline stations, thereby reducing overpressure.

Gasoline

Gasoline Fuel Ozone Sacramento

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3 The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g., The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g.,

Plug-in

Plug-in California Emissions Plug

ARB issues solicitation for zero-emission off-road equipment projects

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2012

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) issued a grant solicitation for demonstration projects on zero-emission off-road equipment. Off-road equipment is a significant source of diesel PM, as well as NO x emissions that lead to ozone and secondary PM, ARB noted.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Ozone Diesel

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. Extraction and transport of fossil fuel. for 2030 and beyond.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has adopted new LEV III emissions regulations which go into effect in 2015, requiring automakers to further reduce evaporative emissions. The Super Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle (SULEV) standard under these regulations specifies near-zero evaporative emissions.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel Economy Ozone Conversion

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2019

The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. A key control strategy is to reduce emissions of the limiting reagent.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Utah Denver

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. These reductions have come from strong efforts to reduce on-road vehicle emissions, especially diesel particulate matter. Black carbon. CO 2 remains in the atmosphere for up to a century.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), PM is primarily generated by fuel combustion in different sectors, including transport, energy, households, industry, and from agriculture. and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. nitrogen dioxide (NO?)

Pollution

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of the potential reduction in emissions with the application of lower sulfur 0.5% fuel for Arctic vessels assuming a low-growth scenario. The new paper provides emissions estimate for the projected traffic growth outlined in that earlier report. Source: ICCT. Click to enlarge. Regulatory background. Earlier post.).

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Fuel Mariner

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

FTP cycle-weighted tailpipe emissions of N 2 O, NO x , and the sum of NMOG and NO x. The minimum in NO x and NMOG emissions for midlevel ethanol blends points to future opportunities for emission reductions from FFVs. Credit: ACS, Hubbard et al. Click to enlarge. E40); and the new range for high-level ethanol blends (E55, E80).

Emissions

Emissions Ford Exhaust Engine

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

2010 engines emissions reduction relative to 2010, 2007, and 2004 US emission standards. The study, the Phase 2 Report of the comprehensive Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES). These reductions came while emissions of fine particles were also 92% lower than the 2010 standard 99% lower than 2004 emissions.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Seasonal ethanol emissions from North America. Emissions for present-day are compared to those for the EISA and All-E85 scenarios. However, the significance of this effect will depend on the size of the emission change compared to that of the existing source fluxes, which are poorly known. Labels at left are months (e.g.,

North America

North America America Emissions Fuel

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

CARB approves $423M plan to mitigate harm from Volkswagen defeat devices; significant investments in heavy-duty vehicles and equipment sectors

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2018

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved a plan to mitigate statewide harm from more than 10,000 tons of smog-causing pollutants released in the state due to Volkswagen’s (VW) use of illegal “defeat devices” in diesel passenger cars. The National VW Environmental Trust provides California with $423 million for this purpose.

Ozone

Ozone Vehicles Emissions California

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C °F) by 2050, as well as improving human health and agriculture.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Key research questions focused on components of air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) that are particularly damaging to the cardiovascular system and mechanisms that damage the vessels.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Eaton introduces set of products to reduce vapor emissions during refueling; LEV III regulations

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

US reaches $1.5B settlement with Daimler AG over emissions cheating in Mercedes-Benz diesels; civil penalty of $875M

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Researchers suggest that air quality tests need simplifying to help reduce dangerous emissions

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

CARB staff proposing amendments to Fill Pipes specs for gasoline-fueled cars

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

ARB issues solicitation for zero-emission off-road equipment projects

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

CARB approves $423M plan to mitigate harm from Volkswagen defeat devices; significant investments in heavy-duty vehicles and equipment sectors

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Stay Connected