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In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozonepollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Smog in India. Credit: Mark Danielson/Flickr.
US EPA Region 9 8-hour ozone trends, 1979-2000. These State Implementation Plans (SIPs) are the roadmaps to meeting the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of 0.08 In 1997, EPA first established the 8-hour ozone standard, which replaced the older 1-hour ozone standard (0.12 Source: EPA.
A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.
Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozonepollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.
The California Air Resources Board today approved a statewide plan for attaining the federal health-based standard for ozone, typically experienced as smog. The 2022 State Implementation Plan Strategy identifies the state’s control strategy for meeting the federal 70 parts per billion, 8-hour ozone standard over the next 15 years.
The results, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science , suggest that the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted, the authors suggested. Even so, lotions, paints and other products contribute about as much to air pollution as does the transportation sector.
HFCs are synthetic gases that are used in a variety of applications, but mainly to replace ozone-depleting substances in aerosols, foams, refrigeration and air-conditioning. The California Air Resources Board recently approved first-in-the-nation rules to curb the impact of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants.
While that report projected vessel activity, it did not explore the environmental impacts of increased shipping in terms of air emissions or the potential climate impacts from increases in short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon. ECAs can be designated for SOX and PM, and/or NOX, subject to a proposal from a Party to Annex VI.
Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.
Through advocacy efforts, the 2021-22 California state budget included new funding designated for the replacement of heavy-duty trucks with zero or near-zero emission trucks in severe or extreme nonattainment areas, with $12.9 The District is currently working on reaching attainment for the federal 8-hour ozone and PM 2.5 standards.
They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. L) and medium-duty (6.4 L/2002 calibration and 6.4
In a paper published in the journal Atmospheric Environment , they report on the findings from a suite of scenarios designed to quantify the effect of both the magnitude of EV market penetration and the source of electricity generation used to power them. coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass). —Schnell et al. Seasons and times of day.
Air pollution impairs the function of blood vessels in the lungs, according to a study of more than 16,000 patients presented at EuroEcho-Imaging 2016. The study examined the effect of air pollution on pulmonary haemodynamics (blood flow) in a population and in individuals. The population study showed a negative effect of PM 10 , PM 2.5
Decreases in ambient air pollution levels over the past 20 years in Southern California were associated with significant reductions in bronchitic symptoms in children with and without asthma, according to a study by researchers at the University of Southern California published in JAMA. Kiros Berhane, Ph.D., —Berhane et al.
For a number of the most important pollutants, levels were substantially lower than required by regulations. They were tested on multiple repeats of these cycles, and measurements of more than 300 regulated and unregulated air pollutants were made in accordance with the highest laboratory standards. Background. g/hp-hr in 2010.
In the first empirical study using satellite measurements to explore the relationship between urban form and air pollution, a team from the University of Minnesota has found that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have, on average, lower concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , a key component of urban air pollution).
Although the London CCS was designed to improve traffic and not necessarily air quality, early projections had suggested it could also improve air quality. Within the CCZ, the investigators projected a net decline of 1.7 ppb in the annual average mean NO x concentration and a decline of 0.8 µg/m 3. in PM 10.
has paid $422,500 in penalties for supplying gasoline and diesel fuel in violation of California regulations designed to protect air quality. Higher levels of olefin mean more smog will be formed from tailpipe emissions since hydrocarbons, including olefin, react with sunlight and other pollutants to form smog. Chevron USA Inc.
These releases increase emissions of toxic air pollutants such as benzene as well as reactive organic gases that can react with other air pollutants to form ozone. This is necessary, CARB staff said, as new capless fill pipe designs continue to be introduced by multiple manufacturers in California.
Our results will have a significant impact on our understanding of the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and have wide ranging implications for pollution and climate change. We have been able to quantify how fast Criegee radicals react for the first time. Carl Percival. —Welz et al.
Each of the four recipients will match a percentage of the grant amount with their own funds to purchase compressed natural gas-powered vehicles; retrofit diesel engines with cleaner technology; replace older, more polluting diesel buses with cleaner diesel buses; or purchase hybrid electric-powered buses.
When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study. —Dalsøren et al.
The rail sector is the only transportation modality without significant emissions related development that is feasible in the near-term to eliminate ozone, smog and GHG emissions, OptiFuel says. The design also includes a 100% battery-electric mode for limited yard operations. g/bhp-hr of NOx, a reduction of 400 times.
DOE selected this project to improve local air quality in the Houston-Galveston area, which is currently designated as a National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 8-hour ozone non-attainment area. million tons of carbon equivalents per year and an expected reduction in criteria pollutants of over 2,000 tons per year.
If fuel vapor is released into the atmosphere, it contributes to a category of pollutants known as evaporative emissions. This category of emissions is the largest source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by automobiles, which are a main source of haze, ozone, and particulate matter.
In fact, policies aimed at cutting carbon emissions improve air quality by a similar amount as policies specifically targeting air pollution. The study is the most detailed assessment to date of the interwoven effects of climate policy on the economy, air pollution, and the cost of health problems related to air pollution.
These trucks will run substantially cleaner than other rigs of the same vintage, and the program is designed to make a difference in air quality along Southern roads. It is designed to help drivers and small businesses who might not normally qualify for such a loan but who want to make the move to a cleaner, greener truck.
The annual fine particle standard is designed to protect against health effects associated with both long- and short- term exposure to PM 2.5. The 24-hour primary standard is designed to provide supplemental health protection against short-term fine particle exposures, particularly in areas with high peak PM 2.5 concentrations.
The Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES), released today by the Health Effects Institute (HEI), also confirmed that the concentrations of particulate matter and toxic air pollutants emitted from NTDE are more than 90% lower than emissions from traditional older diesel engines (TDE). Earlier post.)
The company will also extend the warranty period for certain parts in the repaired vehicles, perform projects to mitigate excess ozone-creating nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emitted from the vehicles, and implement new internal audit procedures designed to prevent future emissions cheating.
Recent studies have compared emissions of PFI and GDI vehicles, including particle number and mass, gaseous pollutants, and nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) composition for a limited number of compounds. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. mg/mi), suggesting improvements in engine design and calibration.
The electric buses will replace CTA’s oldest diesel buses and reduce greenhouse gases in communities that have experienced air pollution and other environmental health hazards, improving public health and quality of life. By retrofitting the garage to service electric buses, the agency will also lower pollution in the surrounding community.
The multi-filter was designed especially for the SPA platform and will first appear in the all-new XC90 in the beginning of 2015. It features a larger design that intercepts more particulates and pollen, as well as a layer of active charcoal that effectively removes a range of contaminants that can impact the health of drivers.
Future blending options for ethanol in gasoline include continuation of low-level blends (E0-E15), greater use of E85 in flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs), or new use of midlevel blends (E20-E40) in FFVs or in new vehicles designed with midlevel blend-capability. —Hubbard et al.
(Respectively, Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act and the Ozone Transport Commission/NO x Budget Program.). eld of search for innovation, other elements of CTP design (e.g., Allowance price-stabilization options (e.g., fixing prices in a predetermined range.or emissions standards and public R&D support, respectively).
This new undertaking will capture detailed information on pollutants from vehicle exhaust using remote-sensing equipment and portable emissions monitoring systems. The new initiatives will award each car model a score based on all of the air pollutants they release during real-world, on-road conditions. Earlier post.).
The approach described is designed to meet simultaneously federal air quality standards; achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction targets; reduce petroleum consumption; and decrease health risk from transportation sources through 2030. Community design and freight transport.
The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge. Unger et al.
The current set of standards, in the order of increasing stringency, includes the emission category designations: Low-Emission Vehicle (LEV); Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle (ULEV); and. LEVII criteria pollutant emission standards (PC/LDT1 and LDT2). Super Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle (SULEV). Category Durability basis.
The program is designed to provide covered entities the flexibility to seek out and implement the lowest-cost options to reduce emissions. The regulation is designed so that California may link up with programs in other states or provinces within the Western Climate Initiative, including New Mexico, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec.
The proposal retains the proven regulatory design of previous EPA standards for light-duty vehicles, but leverages advances in clean car technology to further reduce both climate pollution and smog- and soot-forming emissions. Together, the proposals would reduce oil imports by approximately 20 billion barrels.
The program also complements and supports California’s existing efforts to reduce smog-forming and toxic air pollutants and improve energy efficiency in homes and businesses. The program is designed to provide covered entities the flexibility to seek out and implement the lowest-cost options to reduce emissions.
These incentives are reserved by vehicle manufacturers or their designated dealers, and the purchase prices for buyers are reduced by the incentive amounts. The incentives are designed to help pay the difference between alternative-fuel vehicles and conventional vehicles. The agreement includes $714,000 in match funding.
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