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In a commentary in the journal Joule , Rob McGinnis, founder and and CEO of Prometheus , a company that is developing technology to remove carbon dioxide from the air and turn it into fuels, discusses the technology advances that could lead to the potential price-competitiveness of renewable gasoline and jet with fossil fuels.
PNNL’s thermochemical conversion device is installed in front of a concentrating solar power dish. A new concentrating solar power system developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) can reduce the fuel consumption of a modified natural-gas combined-cycle (NGCC) power plant by about 20%. Photo: PNNL.
BCG’s analysis finds that cellulosic ethanol is on the verge of becoming cost-competitive with gasoline at $3/gal US. ” also sees steady adoption of on-shore wind and electric vehicle technologies, but suggests that off-shore wind and carbon capture and sequestration look likely to fade or decline. Click to enlarge.
A team of biologists and engineers modified Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 (TIE-1) so that it can produce a biofuel using only three renewable and naturally abundant source ingredients: carbon dioxide, solar panel-generated electricity and light. We hope that it can be a steppingstone for future sustainable solar fuel production.
Berkeley Lab researchers, working at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), have developed the first fully integrated microfluidic test-bed for evaluating and optimizing solar-driven electrochemical energy conversion systems. Segalman (2013) Integrated microfluidic test-bed for energy conversion devices.
Natural photosynthesis uses solar energy to recycle CO 2 (and H 2 O) into new plant life (biomass) and ultimately fuels (biofuels). order to take full advantage of the high ‘tank-to-wheel’ efficiency of electric vehicles, critical steps will also be needed to decarbonize the upstream energy (electricity) supply. Jiang et al.
A key benefit of this joint effort is the direct coordination of NSF-funded use-inspired basic research and EERE-funded applied R&D toward the development of cost-effective large-scale systems for the low-carbon production of hydrogen through advanced solar water-splitting technologies.
Direct land use, life cycle GHG emissions (excluding indirect land use change), and life cycle fossil fuel requirements to generate the transportation services provided by 17.8 × 10 12 MJ NCV of gasoline, the amount used in transportation in the US in 2009. Credit: ACS, Geyer et al. Click to enlarge.
WTW energy demand and GHG emissions for EV and PHEV drivetrains for various electricity sources; gasoline ICE vehicle is solid square, hybrid the hollow square. First, it considers the performance of both mature and novel hydrogen production processes, multiple electricity generation pathways and several alternative drivetrains.
The basic concept of the integrated solar battery is to use the contribution of the photovoltage to reduce greatly the charging overpotential caused by the difficulty in efficiently electrochemically decomposing lithium peroxide (Li 2 O 2 ), the discharge product formed on the oxygen electrode. Earlier post.). —Yu et al.
While the country is one of the world’s largest producers of wind and solar renewable energy, it faces the issue of renewable energy being weather-dependent and prone to fluctuation. From well to wheel, Geely’s methanol vehicles allows for a 70% reduction in CO 2 emissions compared to gasoline models.
Gas chromatograph traces of conventional 87 octane gasoline (top) and CoolPlanetBioFuels drop-in gasoline produced from corn cobs. Two fractionators in a module can produce one million gallons of gasoline per year, with capex of $0.50/gallon Source: CoolPlanetBioFuels. Click to enlarge. gallon to install—i.e.,
SoCalGas) introduced an innovative new solar-powered hydrogen generation system during the California Air Resources Board Technology Expo and Symposium at the University of California, Riverside. STARS converts a record-setting 70% of solar energy into chemical energy. This is the equivalent of 25 gallons of gasoline or diesel fuel.
Researchers at Columbia University’s Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, in collaboration with Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, DTU, are investigating the high-temperature co-electrolysis of CO 2 and H 2 O using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) to produce a syngas for conversion into liquid hydrocarbon fuels.
The new ARPA-E selections focus on accelerating innovations in clean technology while increasing US competitiveness in rare earth alternatives and breakthroughs in biofuels, thermal storage, grid controls, and solar power electronics. GENI: Green Electricity Network Integration ($36.4 usually made of copper) that conduct electricity.
Research focuses on supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) Brayton-cycle turbines, which typically would be used for bulk thermal and nuclear generation of electricity, including next-generation power reactors. The Brayton cycle could yield 20 MW of electricity from a package with a volume as small as four cubic meters.
The pilot plant is coupled to LUT’s solar power plant in Lappeenranta. Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity is used as a renewable energy source in the Soletair system to produce electricity especially for the hydrogen production unit—the most energy intensive part in the system. kW solar PV power plant at LUT.
Ethanol, commonly made from biomass, has already established its place as a biofuel additive for gasoline. What we know is that this unique structure provides a beneficial chemical environment for CO2 conversion to multicarbon products,” he said. percent for two-to-three carbon products, respectively. —Dohyung Kim.
Left, global light-duty fleet in the electric-favoring case; right, the hydrogen-favoring case. In both electric- and hydrogen-favoring cases, availability of low-carbon electricity and hydrogen prolonged the use of petroleum-fueled ICE vehicles. Top, without CCS and CSP; bottom, with CCS and CSP. Credit: ACS, Wallington et al.
While chemically converting natural gas to liquid fuels (GTL) is a proven technology that increases volumetric energy density, the current conversion approach through Fischer-Tropsch (FT-GTL) is challenged by both high capital costs and low conversion efficiencies. process intensification approaches for biological methane conversion.
Estimated values of the overall annual biofuel yield from 1 m 2 of land area with annual solar incident energy of 6307 MJ/ m 2 ·y. kg/m 2 ·y, only ~1.16% of the solar energy is estimated to be recovered as liquid fuel. Credit: ACS, Singh et al. Click to enlarge. Even at a high biomass collection rate of 6.25
They found that, on a life cycle basis in comparison to gasoline, the direct to ethanol technology can provide a 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint on an energy equivalent basis for initial ethanol concentrations (given in weight percent) ranging from 0.5% MJ/MJEtOH down to 0.20 g CO 2 e/MJEtOH down to 12.3 wt % to 5 wt %.
Laredo Bus Facility Solar Canopies: Provide shade structures with integrated, grid tied photovoltaic cells to be erected on the bus storage lot at the Laredo Bus Maintenance Facility. Composite body electric buses: Replace conventional diesel transit buses with 35-ft composite body electric transit buses. Of that, $26.5
The program incorporates a DOE grand challenge, the EV Everywhere Initiative, to develop the technologies to make electric-powered vehicles as affordable and convenient as gasoline-powered vehicles for the average American family by 2020. Batteries Biomass Electric (Battery) Engines Fuels Hydrogen Policy'
An Electricity/CO 2 Market Simulation Incorporating Renewables. A game in which business students try to maximize profits from power plants will be refined to replicate more fully California’s markets for electricity and carbon dioxide emission permits. Better Decision Making for Policies and Programs to Reduce Electricity Use.
Estimates of potential for gasoline consumption reduction in the US light duty fleet in 2020 and 2035 relative to 2007. Developing technologies for the conversion of biomass and coal-to-liquid fuels. million barrels per day of gasoline-equivalent) with near-zero lifecycle CO 2. million barrels gasoline equivalent per day.
This approach, supported by the promoters of the Open Fuel Standard Act in the US, would oblige the car industry to put a substantial number of vehicles in the market, which can run on natural gas, hydrogen, biodiesel, methanol, as well as flexible fuel or plug-in electric drive vehicles, among others.
Direct Solar Fuels (5 projects). Eagle Picher, in partnership with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, will develop a new generation of high energy, low cost planar liquid sodium beta batteries for grid scale electrical power storage applications. Earlier post.) Biomass Energy (5 projects). Carbon Capture (5 projects).
The program is focused in two areas: (1) the synthesis of CNLFs using intermittent renewable energy sources and water and air (N 2 and CO 2 ) as the only chemical input streams; and (2) the conversion of CNLFs delivered to the end point to another form of energy (e.g. hydrogen or electricity). Electricity. H 2 via SMR.
To achieve this first objective, DOE intends to pursue parallel strategies: Advance options for diverse energy resources and conversion devices for power. The President’s Climate Action Plan contains a goal of doubling renewable energy generation from wind, solar, and geothermal sources between 2012 and 2020. watt utility, $2.37/watt
Through the sales network, these conversions will primarily target professional customers (commercial vehicles) dependent on access to the urban centre for the continuity of their activities. to vehicle fleets and shared mobility players, such as the ZITY electric car-sharing service.
billion venture capital fund over the next 10 years, Chesapeake NG Ventures Corporation (CNGV), dedicated to identifying and investing in companies and technologies that will replace the use of gasoline and diesel with natural gas and natural gas-to-liquids (GTL) fuels. per gallon cheaper than gasoline and diesel; and.
Most sources of alternative energy, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, produce electrical power while biofuels and biochemicals can directly replace petroleum-derived liquid fuels and chemicals compatible with today’s infrastructure. By 2040, through R&D, support replacing 7% of petrochemicals with bioproducts.
The project “Maximizing Conversion of Biomass Carbon to Liquid Fuel” (0938033) will be led by Rakesh Agrawal, with colleagues Mahdi Abu-Omar, Nicholas C. Fundamental discoveries from this project will uncover links between the physical and chemical structure of biomass to the conversion process. Quick conversion of biomass.
Under a hydrogen atmosphere, the long hydrocarbon chains are partly cracked in the presence of a platinum-zeolite catalyst and, thus, shift the product spectrum towards more directly usable fuels, such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. The process may be installed decentralized at locations where solar, wind or water power is available.
The required energy for the synthetic carbon cycle can come from any alternative energy source such as solar, wind, geothermal, and even nuclear energy. However, significant bottlenecks remain, such as the relatively high cost of electricity from renewable sources needed to produce methanol. The recycling of CO 2.
A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them.
The second round was focused specifically on three areas of technology representing new approaches for advanced microbial biofuels (electrofuels); much higher capacity and less expensive batteries for electric vehicles; and carbon capture. Electrofuels: Biofuels from Electricity. The grants will go to projects in 17 states. per gallon.
Methanol-powered vehicles are one pillar of Geely Auto’s diversified new-energy strategy, which also encompasses ethanol, CNG, gasoline-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid, pure-electric, and extended-range solutions. Click to enlarge. Currently the company has a 4,000 metric ton/year production capacity.
A new study by researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder projects the emission impacts of the widespread introduction of inexpensive and efficient electric vehicles into the US light duty vehicle (LDV) sector. output of mining or importing technologies) to conversion or process technologies (e.g.,
The startup is developing the technology’s ability to combine and separate individual molecules to make gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel using CO 2 removed from the air. Using our tech, I think we’ll be able to produce carbon-zero gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels that are cheaper than fossil fuels. Source: Mattershift. Click to enlarge.
The fuels separate and rise to the surface of the fermentation broth, and are exactly the same as current components of gasoline. The direct consumption of hydrogen or electricity by microorganisms that produce fuels is often referred to as “electrofuels”. Earlier post.)
The vehicles and infrastructure being funded include the use of natural and renewable gas, propane, ethanol, biodiesel, electricity, and hybrid technologies. The program includes the installation of 10 alternative fuel refueling sites (two B20, one Electric Recharging, and seven CNG). Total DOE award: $15,000,000.
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