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In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. Carbon-reduction policies significantly improve air quality.
The European Parliament is calling for fast action to reduce non-CO 2 climate forcers including black carbon soot, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), methane, and ground-level ozone, which together are responsible for nearly half of climate forcing. Because these climate forcers are short-lived, reducing them produces a fast climate response.
The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.
This program successfully committed $90 million over seven years for research, demonstration, and deployment projects to reduce the cost of fuel cells for transit use. The program gives priority consideration to the deployment of buses with the lowest energy consumption and least harmful emissions, including direct carbon emissions.
Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. When such market failures occur, a case can be made for government interventions—such as regulations, taxes or tradable permits—to address these external costs, the report says. Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. Damages are expressed in cents per VMT (2007 USD). Click to enlarge.
Earlier in December, ARB announced that the American Carbon Registry and the Climate Action Reserve had been formally approved as offset project registries to help evaluate compliance-grade carbon offsets under California’s cap-and-trade program. Destruction of Ozone Depleting Substances. Urban forestry. Dairy manure digesters.
All will have zero NO x /PM emissions with carbon-neutral emissions by consuming an RNG/CNG mixture. OptiFuel has already developed and tested a high volume CNG/RNG refueling system at the Indiana Harbor Belt CNG locomotive program, utilizing low-cost CNG. This is well below the 10-year average cost of $2.45
Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. giga tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO 2 eq) (2.2%) per year from 2000 to 2010 compared to 0.4 Click to enlarge.
The use of petroleum-derived fuels is an important source of reactive gas-phase organic carbon that provides key precursors to the formation of secondary OA (SOA) and tropospheric ozone. These compounds in un-burned gasoline and diesel fuel dominate vehicular emissions of reactive gas-phase carbon that have the potential to form SOA.
The US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Targeted Air Shed Grant Program focuses on the regions that have the highest ozone and particulate matter (PM) pollution, including California’s South Coast Air Basin.
A key barrier to achieving RFS2 is the high cost of producing biofuels compared to petroleum-based fuels and the large capital investments required to put billions of gallons of production capacity in place. Such land conversion may disrupt any future potential for storing carbon in biomass and soil. Economic effects.
Methane, the key constituent of natural gas, is a potent GHG with a global warming potential more than 25 times greater than that of carbon dioxide. The draft CTGs include information on cost-effective control technologies to help states in making their RACT determinations. Costs and benefits.
Among the findings of the report, “HFC-134a phase-out in the Chinese light-duty motor vehicle sector”, was that, considering the social cost of CO 2 e, up to 1 trillion RMB in costs (US$150 billion) required to address climate change could be avoided through 2050 by transitioning to low-GWP alternative MACs.
This is in contrast to the conventional mobile AC system, where the cabin air is directly cooled by the refrigerant HFC-134a, which is ozone safe but has a high GWP. The new SL-MAC system, which is testing the low-GWP refrigerants, is expected to increase vehicle energy efficiency. — Dr. Stephen O.
The 2013-2014 plan update allocates $100 million to projects in the following areas: $23 million for biofuels production and supply, with an emphasis on fuels made from waste-based and other low-carbon, sustainable materials. $20 20 million for hydrogen fueling infrastructure. 12 million for natural gas vehicle incentives.
In particular, silicon nanowires (SiNW) are widely studied as a promising anode material for high-capacity LIBs due to its low cost of fabrication and volume production potential. As a result, high-capacity LIB technologies are currently under development at lab scale with silicon nanostructured anode materials.
Regarding future Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission regulations (Pavley 2), staff is evaluating studies of the feasibility and cost of advanced technologies to reduce GHG emissions that could achieve widespread sales and acceptance in the 2017-2025 timeframe. Super Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle (SULEV).
In addition, other studies have shown that increases in PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and ozone were associated with lower test scores that were “equivalent to the effects of short-term reductions of thousands of dollars in district median household income.”
Only the Stanza Altima GLE came with an automatic transmission as standard equipment for 1993; a five-speed manual was the base transmission for the lesser trim levels and the optional automatic added $825 ($1,755 today) to the cost of those cars. One of its owners applied faux-carbon-fiber decals to the dash trim, as one does.
Eliza Strickland: Man-made climate change is already reshaping our planet, and carbon emissions aren’t coming down fast enough to stave off real disaster in the decades to come. Strickland: Why don’t you focus on just cutting carbon emissions? Transcript. So those are really important, and those are a little bit different.
In 2004, the Centralina region (the Greater Charlotte metro area, which straddles the North CarolinaSouth Carolina border) was designated as a non-attainment area for ozone under the Clean Air Act. The area stood to lose billions of dollars of federal funding for a wide variety of projects if the areas air quality didnt improve.
For example, Nevada Energy provides a 75% rebate of the cost of electric school buses and eligible chargers with its Electric School Bus Incentives program. You can find state-level electric school bus funding programs using the Alternative Fuels Data Center search tool.
Vehicle electrification in the United States could prevent hundreds to thousands of premature deaths annually while reducing carbon emissions by hundreds of millions of tons. Results show that in more aggressive scenarios—i.e.,
Meanwhile, environmentalists were voicing concern—about how noisy such aircraft are taking off, about the possibility that their high-altitude emissions would erode the ozone layer, and about how disruptive the sonic booms would be. The last of these issues was perhaps the most vexing, prompting the U.S.
Carbon, Incorporated of California will partner with LBNL to increase the speed of polymer additively manufactured components in a project titled “Multi-physics Modeling of Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP) for Additive Manufacturing.”. Harper International Corp.
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