2017, Carbon, Pollution and Study

Study links PM2.5 pollution with millions of preterm births globally

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2017

A new study, led by a team from The Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) at the University of York, has found that in 2010, about 2.7 The open-access study is published in the journal. Recent research has suggested that exposure to air pollution could also be a risk factor. Environment International. Malley et al.

Pollution

Pollution Global Africa 2010

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Pollution

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone

Study finds transport, residential heating main sources of black carbon in Russian Arctic

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2017

According to a new international study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 38% of black carbon in the Russian Arctic originates from transport and 35% from residential heating sources, while open fires, power plants, and gas flaring are responsible for only 12%, 9%, and 6% respectively.

Carbon

Carbon Transportation Pollution Climate Change

Researchers find ammonium concentration in PM2.5 leading to higher risk of death

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 28, 2021

Ammonium is one of the specific components of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) that has been linked to a higher risk of death compared to other chemicals found in it, according to a new study in the journal Epidemiology. It is usually believed the black carbon part of PM 2.5 and 5 million deaths worldwide in 2017. components.

Pollution

Pollution London Carbon 2017

California ARB study finds commuters’ exposures to air pollution greatly depends on mode of travel; light rail, personal vehicles the lowest

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2017

The mode of travel you take on your daily work commute can make a big difference in your exposure to air pollution, according to a new study by researchers at the California Air Resources Board (ARB). Boxplot of average PM 2.5 , BC, UFP, and LDSA [lung deposited surface area] concentrations for each commute mode.

Pollution

Pollution Personal Light California

WUSTL study finds use of air conditioning reduces in-car pollution

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2017

Traffic is a major source of harmful pollutants; daily peak exposures tend to occur near roadways or while traveling—or being stuck—on them. That gave them rare, real-world look at pollutant exposure. With windows closed, the pollutants took longer to enter the vehicle cabin, but also longer to exit it.

Pollution

Pollution St. Louis Cars Washington

Two new studies of road air pollution in London find detrimental effects on over-60s and unborn babies

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2017

Exposure to air pollution on city streets is enough to counter the beneficial health effects of exercise in adults over 60, according to new research led by Imperial College London and Duke University. Our research suggests that we might advise older adults to walk in green spaces, away from built-up areas and pollution from traffic.

London

London Pollution Environment Exhaust

Global Carbon Project: Global carbon emissions growth slows, but hits record high

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2019

Driven by rising natural gas and oil consumption, levels of CO 2 are expected to hit 37 billion metric tons this year, according to new estimates from the Global Carbon Project (GCP), an initiative led by Stanford University scientist Rob Jackson. growth in 2017. increase in carbon dioxide emissions for 2019. That compares to 2.1%

Carbon

Carbon Global Emissions Climate Change

Study finds megacity traffic soot can reach high altitudes and be transported over long distances, contributing to global warming

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2018

Long-term measurement data of the equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentrations and particle number size distributions (PNSD) from the Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory Chacaltaya (CHC; 5240?m results indicate that traffic is the dominating source of BC and particulate air pollution in the metropolitan area of La Paz/El Alto.

Bolivia

Bolivia Transportation Global Climate Change

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Yang et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

According to a new study led by a team at Duke University, airborne particulate matter and dust are cutting solar photovoltaic energy output by more than 25% in certain parts of the world, with roughly equal contributions from ambient PM and PM deposited on photovoltaic surfaces. So we put together a comprehensive model to do just that.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

Study urges tougher target for California LCFS; up to 26% by 2030 under high performance scenario

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

California can reduce carbon emissions by more than 70 million metric tons by 2030—akin to taking 15 million gasoline-powered cars off the road in one year—by adopting a higher target for its Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), according to an analysis released by the UK-based research firm Cerulogy.

California

California Carbon Clean Cleaning

Argonne and NGO Energy Vision case studies demonstrate success of renewable natural gas as transport fuel

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2018

The US Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory and the sustainable energy NGO Energy Vision released two case studies assessing the results of projects that were among the first to produce Renewable Compressed Natural Gas (R-CNG) vehicle fuel by using anaerobic digesters to capture the biogases from decomposing organic waste.

Renewable

Renewable Gas Transportation Fuel

China study finds associations between PM2.5 constituents and blood inflammation and coagulation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2017

In a new study, a team from China has investigated the effects of various constituents of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) on blood inflammation and coagulation. An increasing number of studies have attempted to elucidate the time courses during which PM 2.5 exposure causes adverse cardiovascular outcomes. … —Liu et al.

China

China Pollution Carbon 2017

ICCT study finds GHGs from shipping on the rise

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2017

Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from global shipping are on the rise again, according to a new study released by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT). The study highlights that three ship classes and six flag states (country of registration) are responsible for the majority of emissions. Click to enlarge.

Marshall Islands

Marshall Islands Mariner Liberia 2015

ICCT study examines current & projected use of heavy fuel oil in Arctic shipping; growth in BC emissions points to need for policies

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2017

A new study by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) estimates heavy fuel oil (HFO) use, HFO carriage, the use and carriage of other fuels, black carbon (BC) emissions, and emissions of other air and climate pollutants for the year 2015, with projections to 2020 and 2025. Click to enlarge. —Comer et al.

Oil

Oil Panama Emissions Fuel

Study: expanding Brazilian sugarcane for ethanol could reduce global CO2 emissions by up to 5.6%

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2017

Vastly expanding sugarcane production in Brazil for conversion to ethanol could reduce current global CO 2 emissions by as much as 5.6%, according to a new study by an international team led by researchers from the University of Illinois. The carbon-related costs of converting the land to sugarcane fields were included in the analysis.

Brazil

Brazil Emissions Global Climate Change

RECOTRANS project uses microwaves and laser welding to obtain recyclable composites for automotive and transport

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

The project, led by AIMPLAS, is intended to help produce lighter and, therefore, less polluting vehicles without increasing costs. Finally, studies were carried out on the recyclability of the thermoplastic composite by using it to manufacture a new part.

Transportation

Transportation Manufacturer Mercedes Pollution

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

Ozone is the third most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane, in terms of potential for global warming. It is also an air pollutant that is harmful to human health. he results better explain observations of ozone recorded at the Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station in northwest Tasmania. Luhar, A.K.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. It has been a challenge to determine how much each polluter contributes to the emission output. We record 36,000 data points per hour. —Thomas Karl. —Karl et al.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

The study is published in the journal Nature Communications. Geiger and Alberto Salvo, an associate professor of economics at the National University of Singapore, led the study—their second with São Paulo big data. At the same time, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide concentrations tended to go up. Nature Communications.

Gasoline

Gasoline Singapore Brazil Ozone

IRENA, IEA study concludes meeting 2?C scenario possible with net positive economics

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2017

Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 70% by 2050 and completely phased-out by 2060 with a net positive economic outlook, according to new findings released by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the International Energy Agency (IEA).

Renewable

Renewable Climate Climate Change Carbon

Georgia Tech study finds link between sulfate, metallic particles from vehicles and adverse health impacts

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2017

Their study is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The study, which was sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the US Environmental Protection Agency, showed how the metals are emitted mainly in an insoluble form but slowly become soluble after mixing with sulfate. —Fang et al. 6b06151.

Georgia

Georgia Vehicles Water Atlanta

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

Previous research has shown a strong association between urban air pollution and respiratory symptoms such as coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath, but the underlying mechanism has been unclear. This may be responsible for the respiratory symptoms we see following exposure to urban air pollution. Robinson, Mark A.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Guinea

California ARB to Hold Public Workshop on LEV III Technologies; Criteria Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2010

The first workshop, on 2 March, focused on preliminary elements of the proposed criteria pollutant emission standards and involved a presentation of technical information from several studies that are under evaluation for potential greenhouse gas emission reduction. Evaporative and supplemental Federal test procedures.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Gas California

Canada, US and Mexico commit to align light- and heavy-duty fuel efficiency and GHG standards out to 2025 and 2027, respectively

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2016

They further agreed to reduce air pollutant emissions by aligning air pollutant emission standards for light- and heavy-duty vehicles and corresponding ultra low-sulfur fuel standards by 2018. Conducting a joint study on the opportunities and impacts of adding more renewables to the power grid on a North American basis.

Mexico

Mexico Canada Standards Light

How Engineers Can Help Protect Earth From Worsening Climate Change

Cars That Think

APRIL 21, 2022

The climate crisis is also having a severe effect on the planet, which is being battered by pollution, deforestation, and soil degradation. Ninety-nine percent of the global population breathes in air that exceeds WHO-guideline limits on pollutants, with low- and middle-income countries suffering from the highest exposures.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Engine Pollution

Global Mobility Report finds world not on track to achieving sustainable mobility

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2017

The transport sector is not on track towards achieving sustainable mobility, according to the newly published Global Mobility Report 2017 (GMR). The GMR is the first study to assess the global performance of the transport sector and the progress made toward four main objectives: universal access, efficiency, safety, and green mobility.

Global

Global Climate Change Pollution Climate

ICCT study concludes no technical barriers to use of higher blends of ethanol

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

Broadly, the study by Stephanie Searle, Francisco Posada Sanchez, Chris Malins, and John German concludes that (a) technical barriers do not prevent the use of higher blends of ethanol, and (b) slow uptake of blends such as E15 and E85 is due to other factors, including high cost, legal and warranty issues, and consumer awareness and acceptance.

Gasoline

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel

Aerial methane survey finds a fraction of point sources responsible for more than a third of California’s methane emissions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2019

The study is published in Nature ; the results will be used to help state and local agencies and businesses prioritize investments to reduce emissions. Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and is 25 times more effective than carbon dioxide at trapping heat over a 100-year period.

Emissions

Emissions Los Angeles California Oil

New KOSi method for ultra-deep desulfurization of fuels to ~ 2ppm S

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2017

Sulfur compounds in fuels such as gasoline and diesel create air pollution when the fuel is burned. The new technique, however, has the potential to reduce sulfur down to a fraction of that amount, which would further reduce air pollution and extend the lifetime of vehicles’ catalytic converters, which control tailpipe emissions.

Fuel

Fuel Diesel Pollution Carbon

Jülich evaluation of power-to-fuels recommends DME, OME3-5 and n-alkanes as diesel substitutes

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2017

A paper on the Jülich study is published in the journal Fuel. The last blend—a suitable n-alkane cut mixed with OME 3-5 —has the greatest potential for increasing engine efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. Earlier post.) In addition, fossil diesel would no longer be required. Schemme et al. Click to enlarge.

Diesel

Diesel Fuel Power Powered

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2022

In a recently published whitepaper on hydrogen opposed-piston engines (H 2 -OPE), opposed-piston engine maker Achates Power explained that since there are no carbon molecules in hydrogen fuel, neither unburned hydrocarbons nor particulate matter is a concern for emission control from a hydrogen combustion engine.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Engine Saudi Arabia Universal

Working paper argues new US energy efficiency regulations are ineffective at GHG reduction and incorrectly override consumer preference

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2012

Ted Gayer, co-director of the Economic Studies program and the Joseph A. The case studies include the proposed CAFE fuel economy requirements and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) greenhouse gas regulations for motor vehicles; and energy-efficiency standards for clothes dryers, room air conditioners, and light bulbs.

Energy

Energy Pollution EPA Fuel

Study finds black carbon pollution directly affects bacteria; altering effectiveness of antibiotics, increasing the potential for infection

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2017

The interdisciplinary study, published in the journal Environmental Microbiology , has important implications for the treatment of infectious diseases, which are known to be increased in areas with high levels of air pollution. Data from the study shows that black carbon induces changes in biofilm formation, structure, and function.

Pollution

Pollution Carbon North America Universal

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Eventually, they’ll add equipment to spray tiny aerosol particles of calcium carbonate, the compound found in limestone, blackboard chalk, and Tums antacids. Keith is also the founder of Carbon Engineering, a Canadian firm building a sprawling facility in West Texas that will pull carbon dioxide directly from the air.).

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

UN Environment report says national GHG pledges only bring one-third of reductions needed for Paris Agreement

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2017

Even if the current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are fully implemented, the carbon budget for limiting global warming to below 2 ˚C will be about 80% depleted by 2030. Given currently available carbon budget estimates, the available global carbon budget for 1.5 ˚C C will already be well depleted by 2030.

Environment

Environment Climate Change Coal Climate

Daimler partnering to transfer its latest generation of automotive fuel cell technology to stationary applications

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2017

US data centers are projected to consume an estimated 140 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per year by 2020, equivalent to the annual output of about 50 power plants, emitting nearly 100 million metric tons of carbon pollution per year, according to a study by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

Fuel

Fuel Hydrogen Mercedes Wind

Study: California will hit climate targets >100 years too late at current pace of reductions; transportation, wildfires & landfills

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2019

California will meet its 2030 climate targets more than three decades late, in 2061, and could be more than 100 years late in meeting its 2050 target if the average rate of emissions reductions from the past year hold steady, according to a new study tracking more than a decade of environmental and economic indicators in the state.

California

California Climate Transportation 2017

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Regarding future Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission regulations (Pavley 2), staff is evaluating studies of the feasibility and cost of advanced technologies to reduce GHG emissions that could achieve widespread sales and acceptance in the 2017-2025 timeframe. LEVII criteria pollutant emission standards (PC/LDT1 and LDT2).

Emissions

Emissions Fleet California Vehicles

Study finds modern diesel cars emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline cars

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2017

A new study by an international team led by researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Switzerland has found that modern diesel passenger cars equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline-powered vehicles. The open-access study is published in the journal Scientific Reports.

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Cars Emissions

Researchers use Google Street View cars for high-resolution air pollution mapping

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

demonstrated a measurement approach to for urban air pollution mapping at 4–5 orders of magnitude greater spatial precision than possible with current central-site ambient monitoring. Air pollution varies very finely in space, and we can’t capture that variation with other existing measurement techniques. —Apte et al.

Google

Google Pollution Oakland Austin

Study links PM2.5 pollution with millions of preterm births globally

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Study finds transport, residential heating main sources of black carbon in Russian Arctic

Researchers find ammonium concentration in PM2.5 leading to higher risk of death

California ARB study finds commuters’ exposures to air pollution greatly depends on mode of travel; light rail, personal vehicles the lowest

WUSTL study finds use of air conditioning reduces in-car pollution

Two new studies of road air pollution in London find detrimental effects on over-60s and unborn babies

Global Carbon Project: Global carbon emissions growth slows, but hits record high

Study finds megacity traffic soot can reach high altitudes and be transported over long distances, contributing to global warming

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Study urges tougher target for California LCFS; up to 26% by 2030 under high performance scenario

Argonne and NGO Energy Vision case studies demonstrate success of renewable natural gas as transport fuel

China study finds associations between PM2.5 constituents and blood inflammation and coagulation

ICCT study finds GHGs from shipping on the rise

ICCT study examines current & projected use of heavy fuel oil in Arctic shipping; growth in BC emissions points to need for policies

Study: expanding Brazilian sugarcane for ethanol could reduce global CO2 emissions by up to 5.6%

RECOTRANS project uses microwaves and laser welding to obtain recyclable composites for automotive and transport

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

IRENA, IEA study concludes meeting 2?C scenario possible with net positive economics

Georgia Tech study finds link between sulfate, metallic particles from vehicles and adverse health impacts

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

California ARB to Hold Public Workshop on LEV III Technologies; Criteria Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Canada, US and Mexico commit to align light- and heavy-duty fuel efficiency and GHG standards out to 2025 and 2027, respectively

How Engineers Can Help Protect Earth From Worsening Climate Change

Global Mobility Report finds world not on track to achieving sustainable mobility

ICCT study concludes no technical barriers to use of higher blends of ethanol

Aerial methane survey finds a fraction of point sources responsible for more than a third of California’s methane emissions

New KOSi method for ultra-deep desulfurization of fuels to ~ 2ppm S

Jülich evaluation of power-to-fuels recommends DME, OME3-5 and n-alkanes as diesel substitutes

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Working paper argues new US energy efficiency regulations are ineffective at GHG reduction and incorrectly override consumer preference

Study finds black carbon pollution directly affects bacteria; altering effectiveness of antibiotics, increasing the potential for infection

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

UN Environment report says national GHG pledges only bring one-third of reductions needed for Paris Agreement

Daimler partnering to transfer its latest generation of automotive fuel cell technology to stationary applications

Study: California will hit climate targets >100 years too late at current pace of reductions; transportation, wildfires & landfills

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Study finds modern diesel cars emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline cars

Researchers use Google Street View cars for high-resolution air pollution mapping

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