Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2016

The International Maritime Organization (IMO), the regulatory authority for international shipping, decided to implement a global sulfur cap of 0.50% m/m (mass/mass) (5,000 ppm) on fuel oil starting 1 January 2020 during its Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), meeting for its 70 th session in London.

Oil 150

Oil 2020 Puerto Rico Virgin Islands 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2021

The Fourth IMO Greenhouse Gas study, published in August 2020, predicts that emissions could increase by as much as 130% by 2050 compared with 2008 levels. Development of new clean ammonia assets including marine fuel infrastructure and market opportunities. Greenhouse gas emissions from the global maritime sector are increasing.

Clean 186

Clean Cleaning Fuel Market 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Neste Oil is expanding its algae research ( earlier post ) with the launch of a joint algae research program with the Marine Research Centre at Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE). The program is part of Neste Oil’s efforts aimed at using algae oil as a raw material for producing NExBTL renewable diesel in the future.

Environment 199

Environment Oil Renewable Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2010

Ford Motor Company’s biomaterial researchers have engineered a patent-pending formula to use renewable soy oil to improve rubber car parts. By using renewable soy oil as a 25% replacement for petroleum oil, Ford researchers more than doubled rubber’s stretchability and reduced its environmental impact.

Oil 225

Oil Ford Parts Mercury 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2010

Researchers at Fudan University (Shanghai, China) have converted the marine macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera , one of the main algae genera for “green tide”—massive algal blooms caused by eutrophication of marine water bodies—to bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction in a batch reactor at temperatures of 220-320 °C.

Oil 186

Oil Convert Green Mariner 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2018

The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) reports that the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted a resolution codifying an initial greenhouse gas (GHG) strategy for international shipping. The strategy implies that international shipping would consume between 3.8%

International 170

International Climate Mariner 2018 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2020

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) has approved draft new mandatory regulations to cut the carbon intensity of existing ships. This builds on current mandatory energy efficiency requirements to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions from shipping.

Environment 290

Environment Carbon 2008 2018 290

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2009

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has finalized its new rule for Category 3 marine engines—engines with per-cylinder displacement at or above 30 liters. Air pollution from large ships, such as oil tankers and cargo ships, is expected to grow rapidly as port traffic increases. Earlier post.)

Mariner 170

Mariner EPA Engine Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2009

In 2009, MGO (marine gasoil) must have a sulfur limit of 1.5% (15,000 ppm), while MDO (marine diesel oil) would have a limit of 0.5% (5,000 ppm). The requirement, adopted in 2008, will annually affect nearly 2,000 ocean-going vessels, both US- flagged and foreign-flagged, visiting California.

Mariner 150

Mariner California Fuel Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2022

As nearly all is based on fossil fuels, mainly bunker oil, the shipping sector emits about 1,000 million tons of CO 2 per year, about 13% of the greenhouse gas emissions from global transport.

Energy 370

Energy Denmark Gas-Electric Fuel 370

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has fined two shipping companies for failing to switch from bunker fuel to cleaner, low-sulfur fuel when sailing within 24 miles of the California coast, as required by a state law adopted in 2008. They must also follow all fuel switchover requirements, and maintain accurate records.

California 186

California Long Beach Companies Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2014

Methane hydrate—natural gas trapped in an ice-like cage of water molecules—occurs in both terrestrial and marine environments. Council of Canadian Academies (2008). This could be analogous to gas or shale oil 20 or 30 years ago. Natural Gas Ports and Marine Resources' Click to enlarge. —Peter Flemings.

Mexico 294

Mexico Austin Oil-Sands Mariner 294

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2011

The extended use of soy foam results from the continued research collaboration between Ford and Lear; Ford first used sustainable soybean oil-derived seating foam on the 2008 Mustang. The biomaterial has helped Ford reduce its annual petroleum oil usage by more than 3 million pounds.

Ford 218

Ford F-150 Mercury 2008 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2011

founded in Hawaii in 2004, uses marine algae to produce feedstocks for biofuels, aquaculture feed, animal feed, cosmetics, industrial chemicals and other valuable products while simultaneously reducing industrial emissions of CO 2. Sabarsky has served as the CFO and COO of HRBP since August 2008. Barry Raleigh, Ph.D., Earlier post.).

Raleigh 186

Raleigh Mariner Hawaii 2004 186

Cars That Think

JANUARY 20, 2024

The IMO’s previous goal was a 50 percent reduction by 2050 in comparison with 2008 levels. Vard Group is part of NuProShip , a consortium of the Norwegian maritime authority, universities, shipbuilders, and shipping companies that aims to develop a Generation IV reactor for marine vessels.

Molten Salt 144

Molten Salt Mariner South Korea Water 144

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2012

Customers will be offered a greater choice of GYMCL’s engines to meet their needs, especially in the large bus, mid- to heavy-duty truck, power generator and marine engine markets. trillion cubic feet of gas, or more than three times the consumption in 2008. China’s 12 th Five-Year Plan targets natural gas to make up 8.3%

Gas 199

Gas China Engine 2009 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2010

To date, Ford Taurus, Mustang, F-150, Focus, Flex, Crown Victoria, Escape, Edge, Expedition and Econoline, as well as Mercury Mariner and Grand Marquis, Lincoln MKS, MKX, MKT and Navigator use the sustainable material. Earlier post.) Earlier post.)

2010 170

2010 Ford Mercury F-150 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2010

The OGV Fuel Regulation was adopted by the ARB in 2008 and implementation began on 1 July 2009. It requires OGVs to use less polluting marine distillate fuels instead of heavy fuel oil within a designated area along the California coastline. Click to enlarge.

Range 186

Range Fuel Los Angeles Mariner 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

The 2008 ocean-going vessel (OGV) fuel-use regulation requires all ocean-going vessels within 24 nautical miles of California's coastline use cleaner-burning diesel fuel to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and diesel particulate matter, a known carcinogen.

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2009

In June 2008, ARB adopted a regulation that requires ocean-going vessels (OGV) within 24 nautical miles of California’s coastline to use lower-sulfur marine distillates in their main and auxiliary engines and auxiliary boilers, rather than the dirtier heavy-fuel oil called bunker fuel. Earlier post.).

Emissions 150

Emissions Sacramento Mariner 2008 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 23, 2010

The demonstration plant, located at Virent's facilities in Madison, Wisconsin, is the latest step in a joint biogasoline research and development effort, announced by both companies in March 2008. Earlier post.) Moving from lab-scale to a demonstration production plant is an important milestone for biogasoline.

Production 230

Production Gasoline Wisconsin Fuel Economy 230

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2010

The effort to reduce the state’s 90% dependence on imported oil is expected to make hydrogen available to all of Oahu’s 1 million residents by 2015. The plan, called the Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I), aims to integrate hydrogen as an essential building block for Hawaii’s sustainable energy ecosystem.

Hawaii 199

Hawaii Hydrogen Fuel Vehicles 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2009

In 2008, Shell increased its stake in Iogen to 50%. Shell’s global biofuels program also includes collaborations with Choren (on production on BTL) and Virent (on development of biogasoline); a joint venture called Cellana (development of marine algae for vegetable oil); and work with a number of academic institutions globally.

Commercial 150

Commercial Hungary Convert Mariner 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2010

billion barrels of oil equivalent—with 2P (proved plus probable) reserves now estimated at 7 tcf. In early 2008, we announced our first investment in Australia. Those contractors include: Bechtel Oil and Gas, Inc., Total gross discovered coal seam gas reserves and resources presently amount to an estimated 17.3 Become a 2.5%

Coal 210

Coal Gas Australia Water 210

Electric Auto Association

OCTOBER 28, 2021

Sterling Camp Current Profession: Marine Assurance How will you add value to the EAA Board? As a mariner, I have focused on Health, Safety, & Environment concerns. Sterling's career in marine transportation also provides him experience in transportation logistics. Your membership supports our EV education and outreach work.

North America 68

North America America El Paso New Mexico 68

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2009

These R&D needs were explored at the 2008 National Algal Biofuels Technology Roadmap Workshop. Investigate and develop a variety of algal strains from different environments, e.g., marine, freshwater, brackish/saline, wastewater, etc. Topic Area 1: Algal Biofuels Consortium/Consortia. anaerobic digestion).

Renewable 150

Renewable Fuel Conversion Gasoline 150

Electric Auto Association

OCTOBER 28, 2021

Sterling Camp Current Profession: Marine Assurance How will you add value to the EAA Board? As a mariner, I have focused on Health, Safety, & Environment concerns. Sterling's career in marine transportation also provides him experience in transportation logistics. Your membership supports our EV education and outreach work.

North America 52

North America America El Paso New Mexico 52

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. The document is posted on State’s Keystone project site , which it has run since the beginning of the Keystone XL Presidential permit process in 2008. million bpd in 2010 to 6.5

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

According to a report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the margin of error in measuring emissions by DOEs can be as high as: 10% for the cement and fertilizer industries; 60% for the oil, gas, and coal industries; and. Offset Quality Initiative, Ensuring Offset Quality (July 2008), available at: [link].

Carbon 255

Carbon Climate Change Climate Emissions 255

Cars That Think

FEBRUARY 1, 2024

He also contributed to algorithms enabling autonomous undersea vehicles to inspect offshore oil and gas platforms after hurricanes so that divers don’t have to. Marine Corps used the autonomous K-Max helicopters for resupply missions in Afghanistan. What we had were a lot of opportunities to observe nature.”

Nigeria 93

Nigeria Niger Universal Afghanistan 93

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2009

A separate paper published online in Science Express by researchers from the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole and MIT concludes that indirect land use change associated with global biofuels programs will be responsible for substantially more carbon loss (up to twice as much) than direct land use. issue of the journal Science.

Emissions 285

Emissions Carbon Climate Change Climate 285

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

CalCars PRIUS+/Ron Gremban, Fall 2004 Ron Gremban, CalCars team; initially with EnergyCS technology (not used in redesigned conversion) Marin County, CA info@calcars.org 2. Basin Electric Power Cooperative , 2008 Ford Escape by Hymotion, Oct 2007 (Bismark, ND), contact Chris VandeVenter. Please send it to webmaster@calcars.org.

Prius 48

Prius Conversion Plug-in Plug 48

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2010

Environmentalists and industries resurrected the idea in recent years as a centerpiece of measures to address global warming and growing oil imports. The first auction for allowances was held on September 25, 2008. The WCI released a design document laying out its basic program parameters in September 2008. Another six U.S.

Gas 244

Gas Climate Change Emissions Climate 244