Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2012

In a paper published this month in the International Journal of Maritime Engineering , Paul Stott and Dr Peter Wright of Newcastle University, UK, suggest that the $6-billion Panama Canal expansion program offers the marine industry as a whole an opportunity to reduce its environmental impact. —Paul Stott. —Paul Stott.

Panama 255

Panama Mariner Industrial Industry 255

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

Natural gas will play a leading role in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions over the next several decades, largely by replacing older, inefficient coal plants with highly efficient combined-cycle gas generation, according to a major new interim report out from MIT. The first two reports dealt with nuclear power (2003) and coal (2007).

MIT 240

MIT Coal Gas Emissions 240

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2017

Specific circumstances, such as the very warm fourth quarter of 2015 and relatively low natural gas prices, put downward pressure on emissions as natural gas was substituted for coal in electricity generation. Emissions from jet fuel, increased by about 5% (11 MMmt). Diesel fuel emissions, on the other hand, declined by 0.4%

2015 150

2015 Transportation CO2 Energy 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2011

emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production per region. Global emissions of CO 2 have increased by 45% between 1990 and 2010, and reached an all-time high of 33 billion tonnes in 2010 despite emission reductions in industrialized countries during the same period. billion tonnes in 2007). Global CO 2. Source: JRC.

Global 281

Global Emissions Industrial Industry 281

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2009

The US Department of Energy (DOE) has granted Reaction Design one of seven awards for a project intended to support the full-scale implementation and operation of highly efficient coal-based power generation technologies with near-zero emissions. Reaction Design also leads the Model Fuels Consortium. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Coal 186

Coal Design Chevron Grant 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2009

Estimates of potential for gasoline consumption reduction in the US light duty fleet in 2020 and 2035 relative to 2007. Improvements result from an optimistic scenario achieving doubling of new vehicle fuel economy in 2035 from today’s value. Developing technologies for the conversion of biomass and coal-to-liquid fuels.

Coal 150

Coal Conversion Light Future 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2010

First, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the Renewable Fuel Standard Program (RFS2) rule to implement the long-term renewable fuels standard of 36 billion gallons by 2022 established by Congress and also issued the targets for 2010. Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2). President Obama.

Obama 218

Obama Coal Clean Cleaning 218

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Further, the fossil fuel share of primary energy consumption falls from 82% in 2011 to 78% in 2040 as consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls, largely because of the incorporation of new fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles. Renewable fuel use grows at a much faster rate than fossil fuel use.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2014

Global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production reached a new all-time high in 2013, according to the annual report “Trends in global CO2 emissions”, released by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the European Joint Research Centre (JRC). in 2013, increasing its share in transport fuels by 0.3

2013 240

2013 Emissions Global CO2 240

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

Carbon intensity changes in the electric power and industrial end use sectors. In 2009, the carbon intensity of the electric power sector decreased by nearly 4.3%, primarily due to fuel switching as the price of coal rose 6.8% Increased use of natural gas in place of coal caused the sector’s carbon intensity to decrease.

2009 239

2009 Emissions Carbon Transportation 239

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2012

The proposed rule would apply only to new fossil-fuel-fired electric utility generating units (EGUs); plants currently operating or new permitted plants that begin construction over the next 12 months are exempt. continental areas, which include Hawaii and the territories; and new units that do not burn fossil fuels (e.g., on controls.

EPA 225

EPA Power Powered Future 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2011

Under the scheme, around 500 of the largest emitters in Australia—facilities that have direct greenhouse gas emissions of 25,000 tonnes of CO 2 -equivalent per year or more (excluding emissions from transport fuels and some synthetic greenhouse gases)—will need to buy and surrender to the Government a permit for every tonne they produce.

Tax Credit 199

Tax Credit Fuel Tax Carbon Australia 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2010

Qatar Airways, Qatar Science & Technology Park (QSTP) and Qatar Petroleum (QP) will jointly carry out engineering, economic analysis and move into the development of renewable biojet fuel that will also look into ways for production and supply, with the support of Airbus. All of these are known as xTL fuels. Earlier post.)

Qatar 210

Qatar Renewable Fuel Alternative Fuels 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Private equity fund Pacific Road has agreed to acquire 10% of underground coal gasification (UCG) company Carbon Energy Limited from Australia’s national science agency CSIRO in an off-market trade. Pacific Road Capital is a private equity manager which invests in the global mining industry. interest in the Company on 30 June 2008.

Carbon 186

Carbon Companies Energy Coal 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 27, 2009

and SGCE have been working together since 2007 under a memorandum of understanding. Under the terms of the JDA, SGCE will have lead responsibility for commercializing the Group’s FT technology for BTL, WTL and Coal-to-Liquids applications. MW heat and 2 MW electricity for domestic and industrial customers. Earlier post.).

Waste 262

Waste Commercial Austria Conversion 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2009

However, the study also concluded that given the current short payback period for investment demanded by the trucking industry, a number of the technologies that could enable such savings would not be adopted, absent regulation or a longer payback period. million barrels per day. mpg and projected to rise modestly to 6.8

2017 281

2017 Fuel T600 Diesel 281

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

CleanFUEL USA, a leading supplier of alternative fuel infrastructure and propane engine systems, will build and certify a multi-purpose 8-liter General Motors (GM) propane engine in partnership with Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation (FCCC), a subsidiary of Daimler Trucks North America. Renewable propane.

USA 239

USA Engine Alternative Fuels Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

Global CO 2 emissions from fuel use and cement production by region. For the first time, the share of global CO 2 emissions from developing countries is slightly higher (50.3%) than from industrialized countries (46.6%) and international transport (3.2%) together. Also in China, biofuels are increasingly being used as transport fuel.

2008 170

2008 Oil Renewable Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2014

The major contributors to the decrease in emissions from 2011-2012 were the decrease in energy consumption across all sectors in the US economy, and the decrease in carbon intensity for electricity generation due to fuel switching from coal to natural gas. 2012 CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by sector and fuel type.

2005 252

2005 2012 EPA 2011 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2012

concentration due to combustion emissions from (a) power generation; (b) commercial, institutional, residential, and agricultural sources; (c) industry; (d) road transport; (e) other transport; and (f) all UK combustion sources. impact, which can be compared to figures of 10% for industry to 62% for power generation. Click to enlarge.

MIT 316

MIT Transportation United Kingdom Emissions 316

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2014

Other results include: a 66% reduction in benzene; a nearly 60% reduction in mercury from man-made sources such as coal-fired power plants; an 84% decrease of lead in outdoor air; the removal of an estimated 1.5 With additional fleet turnover, EPA expects these reductions to grow to 80% by the year 2030.

EPA 273

EPA Congress Pollution Gasoline-Electric 273

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2009

Using data from national statistical offices, they found that China’s export-related industrial production rose by an average of 26% per year from 2002 to 2007. Data from the China Electricity Council shows that annual electric power generating capacity rose from 350 GW in 2002 to more than 505 GW in 2007. Guan et al.

2002 170

2002 2005 Emissions Carbon 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

The authors, under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project , reported a 29% increase in global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel between 2000 and 2008 (the latest year for which figures are available), and by 41% between 2008 and 1990, the reference year of the Kyoto Protocol. between 2000 and 2008, compared with 1% per year in the 1990s.

2008 218

2008 Emissions Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. The global economic crisis 2007/2008 only temporarily reduced emissions. WG III Summary for Policymakers. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 257

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate 257

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

The National Petrochemical & Refiners Association (NPRA) filed a legal challenge to California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) with the US District Court, Eastern District of California, Fresno Division. 594, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) §§ 201 et seq., 1492, and the federal Renewable Fuels Standard.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2009

Anthropogenic atmospheric CO 2 , fossil fuel emissions, world GDP, and world population for the past century. billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO 2 )—a byproduct of fossil fuel burning—and 12.2 This increase is despite the global economic downturn, with its decrease in a wide range of activities that depend on fossil fuel use.

2008 150

2008 CO2 Emissions Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2013

Predominant sources are combustion related; namely, fossil fuels for transportation, solid fuels for industrial and residential uses, and open burning of biomass. Reducing emissions from diesel engines and domestic wood and coal fires is a no-brainer, as there are tandem health and climate benefits.

Climate Change 286

Climate Change Climate Carbon CO2 286

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2011

percent of energy consumption to come from non fossil fuels [ earlier post ]. Closer to home, the federal fuel economy standards require the average fleet fuel economy of OEMs that sell vehicles in the USA to be 35.5 Why then do we not have the same clarity of goal for the electricity generating industry here in the USA?

Renewable 220

Renewable West Virginia Energy USA 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

Fuel economy standards and changing driver behavior keep motor gasoline consumption below recent levels through 2040 in the Reference case. Improved efficiency in the end-use sectors and a shift away from more carbon-intensive fuels help to stabilize US energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, which remain below the 2005 level through 2040.

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

Among the direct transportation-related provisions in the extensive package are a low-carbon fuel standard for all transportation fuels; financial support for large scale demonstrations of electric vehicles; and financial support for automakers retooling plants to make electric vehicles. Clean Fuels and Vehicles.

Climate 186

Climate Standards Carbon California 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

With strong economic growth and continued heavy reliance on fossil fuels expected for most of the non-OECD economies, much of the increase in carbon dioxide emissions is projected to occur among the developing, non-OECD nations. World carbon dioxide emissions are projected to rise from 29.0 billion metric tons in 2006 to 33.1

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

Under the cap-and-trade system, industries regulated by it—the largest being power generation, chemicals, steel, and cement—are given limits on their total emissions, and companies can purchase emission reductions from others in lieu of reducing emissions themselves. 100% for some agricultural processes. Inadequate Oversight of DOEs.

Carbon 255

Carbon Climate Change Climate Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2020

However, even before the effects of COVID-19 became apparent in mid-March, EIA had expected a decline in 2020 energy-related emissions, generally consistent with the trend of lower US CO 2 emissions since their peak in 2007. Energy Information Administration, Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO).

Emissions 243

Emissions Energy CO2 Coal 243

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2010

For example, a covered source (an entity in the power generation, chemicals, steel, and cement industries) can make reductions beyond its compliance obligations and then sell these reductions as credits to other covered sources. coal-fired power plants) would either be required by the emissions cap.

Climate Change 218

Climate Change Climate Emissions 2008 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2013

Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. Intentional-use sectors: Disposal and incineration of product waste, cremation emissions, chlor-alkali industry. UNEP produced its first Global Mercury Assessment in 2002 and a subsequent study in 2007.

Mercury 262

Mercury Emissions 2013 Global 262

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2011

“When you burn coal, you’re burning Selaginella’s ancestors.” Grigoriev noted that the Selaginella genome helps fill in a large gap in plant evolution from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas , sequenced at the DOE JGI and published in 2007, to flowering plants with vascular systems. ” —Jody Banks.

Insight 170

Insight Polymer 2005 Universal 170

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Headwaters direct coal liquefaction process. Headwaters Inc and Axens are forming a strategic alliance to provide a single-source solution for producing synthetic fuels by direct coal liquefaction (DCL) alone or in combination with refinery residues or biomass. Source: Headwaters. Click to enlarge. Axens DCL process.

Coal 170

Coal Diesel Hydrogen Gasoline 170