Global, Industrial, Ozone and Study

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. —Ryan et al.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. In addition to nitrogen dioxide, one of the new studies finds PM 2.5 Bauwens et al.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

Global levels of the hydrocarbons ethane and propane in the atmosphere have been underestimated by more than 50%, according to a new study by a team of scientists from Europe and the US. The team used the OsloCTM3 model to simulate the pre-industrial (year 1750) and current (year 2011) distributions of atmospheric ethane and propane.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. Widespread implementation is achievable with existing technology but would require significant strategic investment and institutional arrangements, the study found. Click to enlarge. °C (within a likely range of 0.2-0.7

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2014

A study by an international team led by scientists at the University of East Anglia have identified four new man-made gases in the atmosphere, all of which are contributing to the destruction of the ozone layer. CFCs are the main cause of the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. Johannes C. Laube, Mike J. Oram, Claire E.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2014 2010

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. Our study reveals that climate change and regional air pollution are intertwined problems. Click to enlarge. Nichols, ARB chairman.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate California

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2014

Chinese air pollution blowing across the Pacific Ocean is often caused by the manufacturing of goods there for export to the US and Europe, according to findings of a new study to be published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

Pollution

Pollution Chinese Manufacturer Ozone

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

annual average), according to a major international study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Between 1990 and 2013, global population-weighted PM 2.5 Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% and ozone (O 3 ).

2013

2013 Ozone Asia Africa

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

Following this BAU scenario, the researchers projected that air quality for the global average citizen in 2050 would be almost comparable to that for the average citizen in East Asia in the year 2005—an outcome which underscores the need to pursue emission reductions, according to the authors. —Pozzer et al.

India

India Global 2005 Asia

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

Air pollution could be causing double the number of excess deaths a year in Europe than has been estimated previously, according to a study published in the European Heart Journal. million extra deaths globally rather than the previously estimated 4.5 At least 48% are due to cardiovascular disease (ischaemic heart disease and stroke).

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

A new study from UC Berkeley confirms what EV fans already know: EV adoption does, in fact, make the air cleaner. Perhaps even more importantly, the study offers some quantifiable, granular data about how much electric vehicles are impacting emission rates in the here and now, not in the foreseeable future. annually. “We

San Francisco

San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Pollution

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone

CICERO-led study finds global warming effect of leaked hydrogen almost 12x stronger than CO2

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

A study led by Norwegian climate center CICERO has found that the global warming effect of leaked hydrogen is almost 12 times stronger than that of CO 2. Rather, it is the leaking of hydrogen from production, transportation and usage that adds to global warming. A global warming potential of 11.6 Sand et al. Sand et al.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Global Ozone CO2

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Seven billion people, more than 95% of the world’s population, lived in areas exceeding the WHO Guideline for healthy air in 2016, according to a new global study. State of Global Air 2018. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. State of Global Air 2018. State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. This gas has very few industrial applications. However, it looks like there is still work to do.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

Sponsors of SAE Study Conclude HFO-1234yf Can Be Used As Low-GWP Global Replacement Refrigerant in MAC Systems

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

A two-year Cooperative Research Program conducted through SAE International to investigate the safety and environmental performance of the low-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerant HFO-1234yf for mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems has finished its study. he report is the third SAE report to evaluate the new refrigerant.

Global

Global USA Climate Change Japan

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The competitiveness impacts of transition are expected to be minor and, because transition is already underway in the major US and EU markets, this transition cannot be avoided regardless of China’s decision-making if Chinese manufacturers wish to compete globally. —“HFC-134a phase-out in the Chinese light-duty motor vehicle sector”.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

Study finds household and outdoor air pollution contributes to more than 5.5 million premature deaths worldwide per year

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2016

In the context of the Global Burden of Disease 2013 study ( earlier post ), researchers from Canada, the United States, China and India quantified air pollution levels and attributable health impacts for 188 countries for the period 1990-2013. They found that in 2013 there were 2.9 million deaths (5.3% million deaths (5.3% Of these 2.9

Pollution

Pollution Coal Asia 2013

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2013

A study by NASA scientists and their colleagues at Dalhousie University (Canada) and NOAA based on satellite data has found a significant correlation of surface nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) with population in the three countries and one continent examined: United States (r = 0.71), Europe (r = 0.67), China (r = 0.69), and India (r = 0.59).

Pollution

Pollution Power Powered India

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

The global warming potentials (GWP) of HFCs range from 140 (HFC-152a) to 11,700 (HFC-23), according to the US EPA. Reifsnyder, in New Delhi, along with members of industry and civil society groups to discuss the HFC issue. The Joint Task Force will submit its report by 1 August 2011.

Micronesia

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2011

In the first empirical study using satellite measurements to explore the relationship between urban form and air pollution, a team from the University of Minnesota has found that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have, on average, lower concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , a key component of urban air pollution).

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Minnesota Global

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

The Asian monsoon circulation provides an effective pathway for pollution from Asia, India, and Indonesia to enter the global stratosphere, according to a new international study led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

The 100-year global warming potentials (GWPs) for methane, CO, and NO x (per Tg N) as given in the AR4 and in this study when including no aerosol response; the direct radiative effect of aerosol responses; and the direct+indirect radiative effects of aerosol responses. Source: Shindell at al. Click to enlarge. Drew Shindell.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

A new study by led by Nadine Unger at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) that analyzes the net climate impacts of emissions from economic sectors rather than by individual chemical species has found that on-road transportatation is and will be the greatest net contributor to atmospheric warming now and in the near term.

Transportation

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered

Air pollution could claim 6.6 million lives per year by 2050, double current rate; small domestic fires and ag the worst offenders

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

million people per year, according to a study carried out by a team led by researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz. The largest sources of air pollution are not industry and transport but small domestic fires and agriculture. Results of the study are published in the journal Nature.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Saudi Arabia Asia

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

On a per-storage basis, the team found that the NiMH technology was found to have the highest environmental impact, followed by NCM and then LFP, for all categories considered except ozone depletion potential. They also found higher life cycle global warming emissions than have been previously reported. —Majeau-Bettez et al.

Nickel Metal Hydride

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion

Study suggests cap and trade programs do not provide sufficient incentives for energy technology innovation; implications for climate policy

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2012

Respectively, Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act and the Ozone Transport Commission/NO x Budget Program.). Yet policymakers also seldom set targets they don’t have evidence that industry can meet. This is where R&D that can lead to the development of innovative technologies over the longer term is essential. —Margaret Taylor.

Climate

Climate Energy Clean Cleaning

California ARB and NOAA Collaborating in $20M Research on Interaction of Air Pollution and Climate Change; One Atmosphere Approach

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs. Source: NOAA. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution California

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. An important analytical issue that needs to be addressed, the report notes, is the lack of lifecycle assessment studies focusing on a wider set of environmental impact indicators than greenhouse gas emissions.

Ozone

Ozone Water Emissions Oil

Japan Researchers Use Liquefied DME to Extract Oil from Algae at Room Temperature at High Yield

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Researchers at Japan’s Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), in a project funded by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), have successfully developed a method to extract oil from algae using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) at room temperature in high yield.

Japan

Japan Oil Ozone Coal

DOE HPC4Mfg program funds 13 projects to advance US manufacturing; welding, Li-S batteries among projects

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2016

A US Department of Energy (DOE) program designed to spur the use of high performance supercomputers to advance US manufacturing has funded 13 new industry projects for a total of $3.8 GM and EPRI. the prediction of weld residual stresses in the dissimilar welds of nuclear piping systems.

Manufacturer

Manufacturer EPRI Lithium Sulfur Carbon Fiber

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases originally developed as substitutes for ozone-depleting chemicals. By 2050, HFC emissions could equal up to 19% of global CO 2 emissions under business-as-usual scenarios. million people a year, global action to cut soot emissions would reap major benefits for both public health and climate.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

Findings from a recent EPA study titled “Assessment of the Impacts of Global Change on Regional US Air Quality: A Synthesis of Climate Change Impacts on Ground-Level Ozone,” for example, suggest that climate change may lead to higher concentrations of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.

EPA

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motor

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

That study provided estimates of vessel traffic (numbers of vessels and transits) based on modeling of current vessel activity patterns, growth potential, and vessel projection scenarios, including diversion from other routes, and oil and gas development. more stringent requirements applicable to ships in Emission Control Areas (ECA).

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel

Climate Expert: Don't Call It Geoengineering

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 16, 2021

C above pre-industrial levels. If they meet all the pledges they've made for emission reductions by 2030, global temperature rise will be at 2.4° Many people see such actions as "playing God," and worry about the unintended consequences of meddling with nature on a global scale. Humanity is already reducing global warming.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Mariner Pollution

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

The growth in carbon dioxide emissions from energy and industry has exceeded even the most fossil-fuel intensive scenario developed by the IPCC at the end of the 1990s. Global emissions were growing by 1.1% degrees Centigrade above pre-industrial surface temperatures could occur. per year from 2000-2007.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

The World Health Organization now estimates that in 2012 around 7 million people died—one in eight (12.5%) of total global deaths—as a result of air pollution exposure. Estimates of people’s exposure to outdoor air pollution in different parts of the world were formulated through a new global data mapping.

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone Coal

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

CICERO-led study finds global warming effect of leaked hydrogen almost 12x stronger than CO2

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Sponsors of SAE Study Conclude HFO-1234yf Can Be Used As Low-GWP Global Replacement Refrigerant in MAC Systems

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Study finds household and outdoor air pollution contributes to more than 5.5 million premature deaths worldwide per year

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Air pollution could claim 6.6 million lives per year by 2050, double current rate; small domestic fires and ag the worst offenders

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Study suggests cap and trade programs do not provide sufficient incentives for energy technology innovation; implications for climate policy

California ARB and NOAA Collaborating in $20M Research on Interaction of Air Pollution and Climate Change; One Atmosphere Approach

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Japan Researchers Use Liquefied DME to Extract Oil from Algae at Room Temperature at High Yield

DOE HPC4Mfg program funds 13 projects to advance US manufacturing; welding, Li-S batteries among projects

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Climate Expert: Don't Call It Geoengineering

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

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