Emissions, International, Ozone and Production

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

California adopts comprehensive strategy to meet federal ozone standard over next 15 years

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2022

The California Air Resources Board today approved a statewide plan for attaining the federal health-based standard for ozone, typically experienced as smog. The 2022 State Implementation Plan Strategy identifies the state’s control strategy for meeting the federal 70 parts per billion, 8-hour ozone standard over the next 15 years.

Ozone

Ozone Standards California Pollution

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. the products used for “car care,” such as windshield washer fluid.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2018

Emissions of one of the chemicals most responsible for the Antarctic ozone hole are on the rise, despite an international treaty that required an end to its production in 2010, a new study by researchers at NOAA and their colleagues shows. —NOAA scientist Stephen Montzka, lead author of the paper.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2002 2010

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. Effect of rocket launch and re-entry emissions on global climate forcing.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

A new international study has found that laboratory tests of nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel vehicles significantly underestimate the real-world emissions by as much as 50%. The research, led by the International Council on Clean Transportation and Environmental Health Analytics, LLC., million tons more than the 8.6

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2014

A study by an international team led by scientists at the University of East Anglia have identified four new man-made gases in the atmosphere, all of which are contributing to the destruction of the ozone layer. Emission increases of this scale have not been seen for any other CFCs since controls were introduced during the 1990s.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2014 2010

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C Source: Shindell et al. Click to enlarge.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. The University of Bremen is the scientific base of the international project known as EMeRGe (Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales).

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

(Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. removal; it showed about 95 % O 3.

Ozone

Ozone Toyota Pollution Suzuki

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge. °C (2.7 °F),

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

A recent study by an international team calculated that shipping causes a net cooling of climate across all parametrizations of the indirect aerosol effect (IAE) and scenarios throughout the period 1900?2050. A recent study commissioned by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimated total emissions of 1046 Tg CO 2 yr ?1

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2014

Dust, ozone and carbon can accumulate in valleys and basins in California and other Western states. When you buy a product at Wal-Mart, it has to be manufactured somewhere. The product doesn’t contain the pollution, but creating it caused the pollution. China Emissions Manufacturing' Click to enlarge. —Lin et al.

Pollution

Pollution Chinese Manufacturer Ozone

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). The resulting calculations estimate the total loss of solar energy production in every part of the world.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). Emission standard. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent).

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Transient Plasma Systems says advances are bringing plasma ignition technology closer to commercialization

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2021

Advanced ignition technologies, such as those offered by TPS, have been widely recognized as enablers to achieving higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions for gasoline-powered engines. In particular, TPS technology offers a groundbreaking approach to reducing emissions from combustion engines and improving the environment.

Commercial

Commercial Los Angeles Exhaust Ozone

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., 2013 found that the ratio of non-exhaust to exhaust particles is strongly increasing in the last two decades, due to exhaust emission reductions. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. earlier post ).

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2012

Such pollutants together account for approximately one-third of current global warming, have significant impacts on public health, the environment, and world food productivity. The United States is already actively engaged in efforts to reduce these pollutants on the national and international levels. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Pollution Clean Cleaning

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2012

Sharkey’s research team already has measured rates of isoprene emission from plants that are used by the Environmental Protection Agency to predict lower-atmosphere ozone levels. Sharkey’s research, which is funded in part by the National Science Foundation, is featured in the current issue of International Innovation.

Ozone

Ozone Production Michigan Automobile

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60% Upstream processes involved in fuel production also contribute to overall environmental impacts.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

HFCs are chemicals are potential substitutes for ozone-depleting and climate-warming CFCs and HCFCs currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol treaty to protect the ozone layer. The Joint Task Force will submit its report by 1 August 2011.

Micronesia

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2013

SAS involves dozens of other domestic and international research institutions, and is one of the largest North American air quality and climate studies in decades. SOAS objectives include the direct quantification of VOC, ozone and NO x surface fluxes and the reconciliation of differences with “blank-down” emission estimates.

EPRI

EPRI EPA Mercury Ozone

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The ICCT team assessed baseline and alternative system emissions under a variety of different transition pathways using an ICCT model of MAC emissions in the passenger vehicle fleet. These were shown to be ozone-depleting, however, and were targeted for phasing out under the 1987 Montreal Protocol. relative to HFC-134a and 98.6%

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

BP Products to Pay Nearly $180M to Settle Violations at Texas City Refinery; Conversion of Diesel Vehicles to Natural Gas Part of Settlement

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2009

BP Products North America Inc. has agreed to spend more than $161 million on pollution controls, enhanced maintenance and monitoring, and improved internal management practices to resolve Clean Air Act violations at its Texas City, Texas refinery. The company will also pay a $12 million civil penalty.

Texas

Texas Ozone Diesel Parts

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Current emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) have already committed the planet to an increase in average surface temperature by the end of the century that may be above the critical threshold for tipping elements of the climate system into abrupt change with potentially irreversible and unmanageable consequences, the authors write.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

Widespread adoption of electric transportation, including electrification in the off-road sector, could lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and could modestly improve air quality, according to a new analysis released by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

EPRI

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Because of that, soot’s contribution to global warming has been ignored completely in national and international global warming policy legislation, he said. He also found that soot emissions kill more than 1.5 Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

In particular, the study led by Drew Shindell found that methane emissions have a larger warming impact due to those interactions than accounted for in current carbon-trading schemes or in the Kyoto Protocol. And hydroxyls drive long chains of reactions involving other common gases, including ozone. Shindell et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

How EV Charging Supports Healthcare Facilities

Blink Charging

NOVEMBER 15, 2023

As mentioned in an International Parking and Mobility Institute (IPMI) blog , “parking revenues can return 50 to 65 percent net margins and can provide a much-needed cushion for an ailing budget.” And while healthcare facilities are selling a service rather than a product, sustainability may still have a similar effect on patient choice.

Charging

Charging Tax Credit Fleet Installation

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2011

Development of sustainable communities strategies can also provide an opportunity for associated criteria pollutant emission reductions that will be needed to attain air quality standards for ozone and particulate matter as well as reduce near-roadway exposures.

Pollution

Pollution 2012 California 2013

Earth Day and the Importance of Green Energy

Blink Charging

APRIL 21, 2022

And just like other forms of green tech, EVs are ultimately less expensive to own and operate than internal combustion vehicles. Some of the effects of pollution, such as depleting the ozone layer, affect both environmental and human health. These green tech solutions offer cutting-edge options to the older ways of doing things.

Green

Green Energy Pollution Ozone

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. The study exposed laboratory rats 80 hours a week, for up to 30 months, to emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine meeting 2007 US EPA standards using new filters and other control technology.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. An important analytical issue that needs to be addressed, the report notes, is the lack of lifecycle assessment studies focusing on a wider set of environmental impact indicators than greenhouse gas emissions.

Ozone

Ozone Water Emissions Oil

CRC Releases Summary of Status of 8 Projects Investigating Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Non-FFV Highway Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

The testing program has eight projects underway or pending, exploring engine and vehicle compatibility and emissions issues resulting from the use of higher blends. Some automakers have done internal testing and have found sensitivity to intermediate ethanol blend levels for non-FFV vehicles. Evaporative emissions durability.

Vehicles

Vehicles Emissions 2010 Australia

The New Supersonic Boom

Cars That Think

AUGUST 16, 2021

government established a Supersonic Transport Advisory Committee, which began discussions with international partners about building a supersonic airliner. Fourteen production aircraft were manufactured, but one was scrapped in 1994 and another crashed in 2000.). In 1956, nine years after Yeager's history-making flight, the U.K.

Oklahoma City

Oklahoma City Ozone Oklahoma Fuel

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Credit: Cappa et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

This is despite the fact that natural variation will partially offset the warming signal from greenhouse gas emissions. The growth in carbon dioxide emissions from energy and industry has exceeded even the most fossil-fuel intensive scenario developed by the IPCC at the end of the 1990s. Global emissions were growing by 1.1%

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

California adopts comprehensive strategy to meet federal ozone standard over next 15 years

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Researchers identify four new man-made gases contributing to destruction of ozone layer

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Transient Plasma Systems says advances are bringing plasma ignition technology closer to commercialization

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

BP Products to Pay Nearly $180M to Settle Violations at Texas City Refinery; Conversion of Diesel Vehicles to Natural Gas Part of Settlement

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

How EV Charging Supports Healthcare Facilities

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

Earth Day and the Importance of Green Energy

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

CRC Releases Summary of Status of 8 Projects Investigating Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Non-FFV Highway Vehicles

The New Supersonic Boom

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

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