Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

A new study by a team from the University of Edinburgh and independent engineering company INNAS BV has found that, when factoring in the additional weight and non-exhaust PM factors, total PM 10 emissions from electric vehicles (EVs) are equal to those of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Click to enlarge.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Gasoline-Electric 2016 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2017

Empa researchers Norbert Heeb and Maria Munoz discovered large quantities of benzo(a)pyrene (red bar)—a combustion product responsible for cutting short the lives of cigarette smokers—in the exhaust gas emitted by GDI engines. Levels in exhaust emissions were found to be as much as 1,700 times above this limit.

Engine 271

Engine Exhaust Gasoline Diesel 271

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2014

It expands all the way to ambient pressure before the exhaust stroke. The power is produced in almost a 50-50 split between the combustion (central) and exhaust (largest) pistons. Transfer from the combustion cylinder to the exhaust cylinder takes place when the exhaust cylinder volume is minimal. and O’Malley, E.

Engine 345

Engine Concept Design Exhaust 345

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2012

Here, we have selected a representative from each of these three groups, produced biodiesel, have characterized the properties of the fuels in comparison to biodiesel produced from plant oils. Exhaust gas temperatures were highest for diesel #2, followed by soybean, microalgae, yeast, and bacteria (in order of decreasing temperatures).

Diesel 316

Diesel Oil Fuel Exhaust 316

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2014

. … Chemical analysis of the emissions shows that SOA is mainly produced via photo-oxidation of aromatic VOCs, present in gasoline, from the exhaust. Finally, we present the first online measurements of aged exhaust showing that SOA formation also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with potentially detrimental effects on our lungs.

Pollution 362

Pollution Exhaust Emissions Light 362

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. Recuperator to transfer heat from exhaust gas to compressed air. A recuperated combustion engine transfers exhaust heat to the working gas at the end of compression and at constant volume.

Exhaust 285

Exhaust Concept Vehicles Engine 285

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

CAT-DEF—Catalyzed Diesel Exhaust Fluid—is an SwRI-developed catalyst- and surfactant-modified diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) solution. urea-water solution—is injected into the exhaust stream and ideally decomposes to form ammonia, which reacts with NO x on the SCR catalyst to form N 2 and H 2 O. DEF—a 32.5

Diesel 284

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine 284

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2019

The very latest generation of diesel engines from the Volkswagen Group (EA288 evo, earlier post ) achieves even lower emission levels and reduces CO 2 emissions by up to 10 g/km (NEDC) in a direct comparison to the previous generation.

2017 255

2017 Germany Diesel 2018 255

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2019

Target/actual comparisons in operations. The tedious comparison between CAD data on the screen and the actual tool will then be a thing of the past. The BMW Group also applies target/actual comparisons at its Munich plant. Visualisation of relevant CAD data only takes a few seconds.

BMW 344

BMW Production Engine Parts 344

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2021

building HVAC exhaust) and from natural fluids (e.g., Most contemporary DAC approaches utilize energy poorly, as evident by second-law efficiencies for CO 2 separation of 1 to 9% (for comparison, post-combustion capture from coal exhaust attains second-law efficiencies greater than 20%). Energy Transfer Mechanisms.

Carbon 360

Carbon Exhaust Energy Water 360

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2014

As a comparison, the baseline 2015 Sonata with 2.4-liter million), uses an exhaust manifold integrated turbocharger with twin scroll, air-guided intercooler, direct fuel injection system and dual CVVT, while a bed plate and a serpentine auxiliary belt were adopted to enhance engine reliability. The estimated 32 mpg (7.4 The Gamma 1.6-liter

MPG 239

MPG 2015 Hyundai Alabama 239

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

However, both measurements also act as proxies for the complex mixture of gases in diesel exhaust, which is an established carcinogen and associated with respiratory, cardiovascular and reproductive health effects. They also took measurements while walking along busy streets in downtown Toronto for comparison.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 24, 2023

In comparison to hydrogen, liquefied ammonia makes it easier to transport large volumes to wherever it is needed. In the integrated process, it is possible to achieve an efficiency of 90% in comparison to 70% achieved with conventional technologies. This is particularly important for mobile and space-constrained applications.

Transportation 273

Transportation Industry Industrial Energy 273

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2022

On the other hand, however, the lower exhaust gas temperatures result in a lack of energy for their propulsion on the exhaust side. Comparison of turbocharging systems. For clean combustion of hydrogen, the turbochargers have to, on the one hand, provide around twice as much air mass as they do in gasoline engines.

Porsche 284

Porsche Hydrogen Gasoline-Electric Exhaust 284

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

Due to the lower exhaust enthalpy of lower temperature engines using PPCI, it is difficult to produce intake boost with acceptable boost system parasitis. A practical powertrain system with robust PPCI combustion is needed, including injection, valvetrain, boost, and exhaust subsystems. kWh and FSN 0.1, respectively.

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin 304

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

A study by a team from UC Riverside has assessed the potential of increasing ethanol content in California reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) by investigating the exhaust emissions from a fleet of 20 Tier 3 light-duty vehicles. A baseline CaRFG E10 (10% ethanol by volume) fuel was splash-blended with denatured ethanol to create an E15 fuel.

California 305

California Emissions Montana Gasoline 305

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2018

Promising avenues include weight savings and extension of the cruising range in comparison with battery-powered solutions; fuel cell concepts may represent an attractive option for long-distance hauling, which requires heavy loads and large cruising ranges. Exhaust pathway. A moisture exchange takes place above the membrane surface.

Commercial 223

Commercial Fuel Vehicles Water 223

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2014

Conventional diesel buses will also be used on the route to serve as reference vehicles in the comparison of the innovative drive concepts. The conventional hybrid offers up to 37% fuel savings compared to a diesel version and 40-50% lower exhaust emissions.

PHEV 316

PHEV Hybrid Volvo Charging 316

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2018

WLTP measurements converted to NEDC values for comparison purposes.) In comparison to its predecessor, the 88 kW/120 hp 1.6-liter In comparison to its predecessor, the 88 kW/120 hp 1.6-liter l/100 km, extra-urban 3.9-3.8 l/100 km, combined 4.2-4.1 l/100 km, 110-108 g/km CO 2 ). Maximum torque is 300 N·m at 1750 rpm.

Diesel 236

Diesel Exhaust Engine Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

It provides an air-standard analysis of efficiency, including a comparison to conventional engine technologies. For instance, intake/compression, combustion, expansion/exhaust are occurring simultaneously in separate chambers. This combination separates the working mixture into three separate volumes.

Congress 268

Congress 2010 Engine Exhaust 268

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Information pertaining to these emissions in diesel engine exhaust is much less complete than that for the regulated pollutants.

Pollution 231

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine 231

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2014

Exhaust gas is treated by a standard passive three-way catalyst that does not require the use of any additives. Natural gas PM emissions are 95% lower in comparison to diesel, and 35% lower in NO x. Lastly, Iveco proposes a quieter vehicle with an average decrease of 5 decibels in comparison to diesel models.

Gas 218

Gas Diesel Convert Exhaust 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2014

The global market for sensors used in internal combustion engines (ICE) is on the road of steady growth for the next few years, propelled by increasing utilization in engine management and exhaust aftertreatment, according to a new report from IHS Technology. IHS projects that sensor shipments for ICEs will top 1.34 billion in 2013.

Pollution 210

Pollution Engine International Market 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2012

Comparison of brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption at rated power (ICOMIA Mode 5), hydrogen vs. gasoline engines. This is due to raw, externally premixed fresh charge comprising air, fuel and lube oil being short-circuited into the exhaust during the scavenging process. Oh and Plante. Click to enlarge.

Engine 329

Engine Emissions Fleet Market 329

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2018

This newly developed ENSs could improve low-temperature automobile exhaust treatment. Meanwhile, hydrocarbons, such as propylene (C 3 H 6 ) and propane (C 3 H 8 ) are typical automobile exhaust gas pollutants and must be converted to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O) before they are released as exhaust. Source: KAIST.

Commercial 186

Commercial Diesel Exhaust Automobile 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2011

Comparison of emission standards. The first V8 engine on this platform (730 hp, 3500 N·m) was launched in 2010, also equipped with Scania XPI and VGT, but with SCR exhaust aftertreatment like the other Euro 5 V8 engines. A novel solution with sensors in the silencer enables precise control of exhaust temperature and NO x levels.

Engine 236

Engine Exhaust Emissions North America 236

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2010

Our studies of the structure and activity of this catalyst—and comparisons with platinum-carbon catalysts currently in use—illustrate that the palladium core ‘protects’ the fine layer of platinum surrounding the particles, enabling it to maintain reactivity for a much longer period of time.

Fuel 283

Fuel Exhaust Hydrogen 2010 283

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2011

Comparisons of type C buses have typically been centered on fuel economy. to conduct a head-to-head fluid economy comparison. In the comparison of fluid economy, the 2010 IC Bus CE Series with MaxxForce 7 consistently outperformed the competing buses with up to a 4.5% fluid economy advantage using TMC Type IV testing methods.

Economy 199

Economy Fuel 2010 Fuel Economy 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

In the Tianjin study, the team explored the impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates from 0% to 15% and compression ratios (CRs) of 8, 9, and 10 on the combustion characteristics and emission performance of 2-methylfuran (MF) and gasoline. —Pan et al. 2014.04.054.

Fuel 199

Fuel E6 Alternative Fuels Gasoline 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2021

1) with cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and high compression ratio (13.3:1 Comparison of the derived brake thermal efficiency of the ORNL research engine (LSE) running LPG to 2019 production Cummins ISB diesel. The unique high stroke-to-bore engine design (1.5:1) 1 for both fuels, with additional runs at 16.8:1

Diesel 468

Diesel Engine Gasoline Fuel 468

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2020

Comparison of baseline and dDSF CO 2 and NO x on HD FTP cycle and LLC. Cylinder deactivation also reduces excess engine airflow, increasing exhaust temperatures. Source: Tula. Like DSF for gasoline engines, dDSF uses individual cylinder deactivation control strategies to meet torque demand at optimal fuel and aftertreatment efficiency.

Diesel 221

Diesel Future Fuel Economy 2020 221

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2013

improvement in total fluid consumption (diesel + diesel exhaust fluid for SCR) over conventional diesel combustion. Reitz (2013) Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition and Conventional Diesel Combustion: A Comparison of Methods to Meet Light-Duty NO x and Fuel Economy Targets. Earlier post.). —Kokjohn and Reitz.

Light 207

Light Engine Wisconsin Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2020

A recent report from CE Delft, an independent research and consultancy organization, regarding the climate impact of Exhaust Gas Cleaning (EGC) systems for the marine industry. The study compares the results to the use of low-sulfur marine fuels and is made from a well-to-wake perspective in order to achieve an accurate comparison.

Climate 243

Climate Fuel Mariner Emissions 243

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

The chemistry of a fuel impacts the emissions from an engine, with the most obvious example being unburned or partially burned fuel which is a major component of engine exhaust. Engine-out exhaust contains typically 1?3% via the unburned or partially burned fuel which is a major component of engine exhaust.

Emissions 294

Emissions Ford Exhaust Fuel 294

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 26, 2012

Additional benefits in comparison with turbocharger solutions include simpler transient air fuel ration (AFR) control, and reduced thermal inertia in the exhaust, enabling faster catalyst light-off and reduced under hood temperatures.

Downsizing 270

Downsizing Vehicles Fuel Economy 2010 270

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 13, 2013

The data presented in these studies did not show any evidence of deterioration in engine durability or maintenance issues for E15 (or E20) in comparison to E0 and E10 (when tested). Materials compatibility testing provides no evidence that 15 vol% ethanol blends will cause increased rates of metal corrosion in comparison to 10% blends.

2001 300

2001 Minnesota Cars Emissions 300