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micrometers or less in diameter (referred to as PM 2.5 ), which can travel deep into the respiratory tract and lungs. And despite advancements in renewable energy, fossil fuels remain deeply embedded in the energy fuel mix. The biggest culprit are tiny particles 2.5
EIA’s Annual Energy Outlook 2014 (AEO2014) features several accelerated retirements cases that represent conditions leading to additional coal and nuclear plant retirements in order to examine the potential energy market and emissions effects of the loss of this capacity. Nuclear power and renewables do not emit CO 2. Source: EIA.
Existing US policies that stress energy efficiency and alternative fuels, together with higher energy prices, will curb energy consumption growth and shift the energy mix toward renewable fuels, according to the reference case for the Annual Energy Outlook 2010 ( AEO2010 ) released by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) released its Reference case projections for US energy markets through 2035. The Reference case projections include only the effects of policies that have been implemented in law or final regulations. Use of renewable fuels and natural gas for electric power generation rises.
The US Energy Information Administration released its Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013) Reference case (the Early Release ), which highlights a growth in total US energy production that exceeds growth in total US energy consumption through 2040. million FFV sales in the AEO2012 Reference case. Increased sales for hybrids and PHEVs.
Renewable energy and nuclear power are the world’s fastest-growing energy sources, each increasing 2.5% In the Reference case, all the growth in liquids use is in the transportation and industrial sectors. To satisfy the increase in world liquids demand in the Reference case, liquids production increases by 28.3
According to the IEO2021 Reference case, which projects future energy trends based on current laws and regulations, renewable energy consumption has the strongest growth among energy sources through 2050. Liquid fuels remain the largest source of energy consumption, driven largely by the industrial and transportation sectors.
Tesla has highlighted a Megapack project that went live in Hawaii earlier this year, which is effectively replacing the state’s last coal plant. Nearby Chairman Anthony Makana says that the BESS project allowed for the “sunsetting of one of the dirtiest polluters in our community,” referring to the coal plant.
Worldwide energy consumption will grow by 53% between 2008 and 2035 with much of the increase driven by strong economic growth in the developing nations, especially China and India, according to the reference case in the newly released International Energy Outlook 2011 (IEO2011) from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
LDV energy consumption declines in AEO2014 Reference case from 16.0 quadrillion Btu in 2040 in the AEO2013 Reference case. The rising fuel economy of LDVs more than offsets the modest growth in VMT, resulting in a 25% decline in LDV energy consumption decline between 2012 and 2040 in the AEO2014 Reference case. Source: EIA.
Bars for different years in the same pathway represent improvements in the costs of the specific pathway, based on specific reference data for the appropriate year and pathway. FCTO’s focus is developing technologies for distributed and centralized renewable production of hydrogen. Source: DOE. Click to enlarge.
For the report, central-station generation refers to >100 MW, with the exception of some renewable-resource-based technologies. impacts on existing generating plants from pending or anticipated environmental rules on emissions, use of water resources, and coal ash handling and disposal. The capital cost learning curve.
The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. quadrillion Btu in 2035 in the AEO2011 Reference case, slightly lower than the 32.5
Last night at the Hermosa Beach City Council meeting I heard an ignorant little man reference my favorite Edward Abbey book, “The Monkey Wrench Gang,” which I read the year it came out – in 1975 as a senior in high school. There are no bigger cowards then the people who work for the oil, coal and gas industries.
water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) Primary Energy Demand (MJ) (renewable and non-renewable). Quantifies the quantity of energy (crude oil, coal.) Environmental impacts of the three types of Fluence (diesel, gasoline and electric) in the reference case. (EU consumption. ?.
If natural gas is abundant and less expensive, it will encourage greater natural gas consumption and less consumption of fuels such as coal, renewables and nuclear power. But natural gas production and consumption has higher emissions than renewables and nuclear power.
AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. year from 2013 through 2040 in the Reference case, far below the rates of economic growth (2.4%/year)
A negative value means the case has a lower TCE than the reference case. Only in the case of high EV market share and a high renewable electricity standard (RES) do EVs make a material contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, they found. increase in overall electric demand in 2030 relative to the reference case with no EVs.
PowerHouse has granted Linc Energy a perpetual, exclusive, royalty-bearing licence to use, own, fabricate and operate Pyromex (UHTG) gasification systems for above-ground coal-to-syngas production of 1 MMcf per day and greater in all territories (with the exception of the China licence which will be non-exclusive and Italy which is excluded).
Although direct air capture of carbon dioxide (DAC) generally refers to the capture of CO 2 from ambient air, this FOA also considers the removal of CO 2 from partially concentrated air (e.g., DE-FOA-0002481 ). building HVAC exhaust) and from natural fluids (e.g., Energy Transfer Mechanisms.
President Obama used his last State-of-the-Union (SOTU) address of his term to outline four main elements of a blueprint for an “ economy that’s built to last: an economy built on American manufacturing, American energy, skills for American workers, and a renewal of American values. ”. nuclear, and 10% renewable.
A specific objective is to have the outcome accepted as a reference by all relevant stakeholders, including industry, academia and government. They also note that large-scale production of synthetic fuels or hydrogen from coal or gas offers the potential for GHG emissions reduction—but only if CO 2 can be captured and stored.
For the Transportation sector, EIA projects that energy consumption will decline between 2019 and 2037 (in the Reference case) because increases in fuel economy more than offset growth in vehicle miles traveled (VMT). Light-duty vehicle miles traveled increases by 20% in the Reference case, growing from 2.9 trillion miles in 2018 to 3.5
Renewable fuels can now be blended with conventional commercial and military jet (or gas turbine) fuel through requirements in the newly issued edition of ASTM D7566-11, Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons. The revised standard was approved 1 July 2011. Earlier post.).
The report’s findings suggest that renewable hydrogen could be produced for $0.8 When including the cost of storage and pipeline infrastructure, the delivered cost of renewable hydrogen in China, India and Western Europe could fall to around $2/kg ($15/MMBtu) in 2030 and $1/kg ($7.4/MMBtu) kg in most parts of the world before 2050.
The reference vehicle has a mass of 1,350 kg (2,976 lbs), with 70 kW (94 hp) equivalent ICE power. Electricity sources include nuclear; combined cycle plant using natural gas; coal; oil; waste incineration; combined heat and power (wood, diesel, natural gas, biogas); wind; solar; hydro; and pumped storage.
Increased energy efficiency, nuclear energy and the growing contribution of renewable energy are not compensating for the globally increasing demand for power and transport, which is strongest in developing countries. Indexed global CO 2. emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production per sector (1970 = 100).
World marketed energy consumption is projected to grow by 44% between 2006 and 2030, driven by strong long-term economic growth in the developing nations of the world, according to the reference case projection from the International Energy Outlook 2009 ( IEO2009 ) released today by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 70% by 2050 and completely phased-out by 2060 with a net positive economic outlook, according to new findings released by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the International Energy Agency (IEA). Click to enlarge.
coal-fired power plants) would either be required by the emissions cap. There are four general categories of offsets: (1) biological sequestration projects; (2) renewable energy projects; (3) energy efficiency projects; and (4) non-CO 2 emissions reduction projects. (1) 2) Examples of Renewable Energy Projects. TYPES OF OFFSETS.
Substituting biofuels for marginal fossil-based liquid fuels results in the avoidance of significant GHG emissions that are not currently accounted for in the European Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC), according to a new analysis by the consultancy Ecofys. g/MJ more than the current fossil comparator. the marginal fossil fuels.
As one of the fastest growing electricity sources in the United States, wind can be expected to meet a large proportion of the renewable portfolio standards. At these times other load is likely to be low, and coal plants would likely need to be cycled, adding costs and emissions that could be saved with smart charging of PEVs.
a Fischer-Tropsch process company, plans to build a plant in Rialto, California for the production of synthetic fuels and electric power from renewable waste biomass feedstocks. The carbon footprint of the plant is designed to be near zero as the fuels and power would be produced only from renewable feedstocks. Rentech, Inc. ,
The plant was originally fueled by coal but was converted to natural gas in 2010. An application filed for the pathway HLBE chose must must be evaluated against reference pathways from the LCFS Lookup table, and must achieve at least a five gram CO 2 e/MJ CI improvement over that pathway.
All reference car configurations except the diesel use gasoline engines, because the. GHG emissions from electric driving depend most on the fuel type (coal or natural gas) used. in the generation of electricity for charging, and range between 0 g/km (using renewables) and. We therefore. industrialised countries.
This project is funded by a ~$1-million grant from the California Energy Commission under the auspices of its Alternative and Renewable Fuels and Vehicle Testing Program. coal, biomass, or waste—is heated in the absence of molecular oxygen to produce a solid containing char and ash and volatile gases.
A team led by Professor Jae Sung Lee at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), with colleagues at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), have developed a new pathway for the direct conversion of CO 2 to liquid transportation fuels by reaction with renewable hydrogen produced by solar water splitting.
In their analysis, the authors examined the effect of 5 factors on EDV deployment: crude oil and natural gas prices; a federal CO 2 policy; a federal renewable portfolio standard (RPS); and EDV battery cost. The maximum EDV market penetration is 16% with the low oil price assumption versus 42% with reference or high oil prices.
The process produces a toxic byproduct referred to as black liquor—a primarily liquid mixture of pulping residues (such as lignin and hemicellulose) and inorganic chemicals from the Kraft process (sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide, for example). Their paper appears in the journal ChemSusChem. Globally over 1.3 Earlier post.)
Compared to the reference case, in which gasoline vehicles (ICEVs) remain dominant through 2050 (BAU), OPT results in 16% and 36% reductions in LDV greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for 2030 and 2050, respectively, corresponding to 5% and 9% reductions in economy-wide emissions.
Additionality is proof that the renewable-energy project would not happen without the capital generated by selling carbon credits. REFERENCES. Renergie is in the process of transferring its proven renewable energy technology worldwide by working closely with developing countries in Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and Africa.
These 9 combinations became the reference scenarios with defined fuel requirements and GHG emissions. The reference case scenarios assume no change to GHG intensity from current levels. The climate-targeted scenarios included cellulosic biofuel substitution to reduce GHG from light duty transportation to 20% of the reference GHG.
what is renewable energy integration ? Renewable energy integration refers to the process of efficiently incorporating renewable energy sources into existing energy systems. Energy Storage: Renewable energy sources are often intermittent, meaning they don’t produce energy consistently.
The life cycle to which we refer has two parts: The vehicle cycle begins with mining the raw materials, refining them, turning them into components, and assembling them. 70 percent of lithium-ion batteries are produced in China, which derived 64 percent of its electricity from coal in 2020. But coal use varies, even within China.
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