Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2010

Ceres recently released a new report concluding that coal-to-liquid (CTL) and oil shale technologies face significant environmental and financial obstacles—from water constraints, to technological uncertainties to regulatory and market risks—that pose substantial financial risks for investors involved in such projects.

Coal 210

Coal Oil Water Oil Prices 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 12, 2021

These include record price volatility, changing government regulations, divergent long-term demand scenarios and non-standardized ESG criteria that are driving up investment hurdles and hiking the cost of capital for long-cycle projects, the report says. As a result, investment decisions are becoming increasingly complex.

Price 416

Price Oil Asia Gas 416

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2020

However, the resulting low gas prices, as well as clean air and climate policies, will promote further switching to gas from other more polluting energy sources, such as oil and coal. The goal is to bring down the cost of green hydrogen until it becomes competitive with fossil fuels in many applications in the next five years.

Gas 243

Gas Global Industrial Industry 243

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2014

In a new study published in the journal Applied Energy , Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) researchers found that controlled charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) reduces the costs of integrating the vehicles into an electricity system by 54–73% depending on the scenario.

Wind 286

Wind PHEV Cost Of Power 286

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2011

The current vehicle footprint-based Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards create a financial incentive for automakers to increase vehicle size, except under certain limited conditions of consumer preference for vehicle size, according to a study by University of Michigan researchers Kate Whitefoot and Steven Skerlos. 10 11 –5.17×10

Standards 240

Standards Fuel Economy Vehicles Economy 240

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2021

Not only is this a massive increase in absolute terms, but as the costs of technologies fall, mineral inputs will account for an increasingly important part of the value of key components, making their overall costs more vulnerable to potential mineral price swings.

Supplies 248

Supplies Climate Wind Clean 248

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2012

Cool Planet Energy Systems projects that using its patented mechanical process and novel scaling approach ( earlier post ), it will be able to produce high-octane carbon-negative (with the use of its bio-char byproduct) renewable gasoline at a cost of $1.50 per gallon, without the need for government subsidies.

Carbon 356

Carbon Production Gasoline-Electric Google 356

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2012

The CCS Demonstrations program, including the Clean Coal Power Initiative, FutureGen 2.0, It also includes $35 million for NETL staff to conduct in-house coal R&D. Fossil Energy R&D will also address concerns associated with the environmental, health, and safety risks of shale gas development. and Industrial CCS activities.

2013 199

2013 Energy Coal Carbon 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2016

coal, biomass, or waste—is heated in the absence of molecular oxygen to produce a solid containing char and ash and volatile gases. Altex has been working with the US Department of Energy (DOE) on developing a version of the process to convert a mixture of coal and biomass to jet fuel since 2012. Carbonaceous materials—e.g.,

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Coal Convert Conversion 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2015

The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has selected eight projects to receive almost $25 million in funding to construct small- and large-scale pilots for reducing the cost of CO 2 capture and compression through DOE’s Carbon Capture Program. FuelCell Energy Inc. Click to enlarge.

Fuel 150

Fuel Coal CO2 Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Simulation of a coal jet region. Multiphase refers to the process of changing a solid (in this case, coal) to a gas (syngas). Scientists are able to run detailed simulations on the coal inlet region into the gasifier, allowing them to observe the dynamics. A standard run usually takes a month to complete.

Coal 186

Coal Fusion Gas-Electric Clean 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

The value allocated here in EPA’s goal-setting formula was an average heat rate improvement of 6% for coal steam electric generating units (EGUs). The EPA projects that the annual incremental compliance cost of the proposed Option 1 ranges from $5.4 The estimated cost of Option 2 is between $4.2 state compliance) to $7.4

2005 210

2005 EPA Power Powered 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2019

Specifically, AEO2019 projects that: Increases in fuel economy standards temper growth in US motor gasoline consumption, which decreases by 26% between 2018 and 2050. However, US coal shipments, which are primarily via rail, decline slightly. Light-duty vehicle miles traveled increases by 20% in the Reference case, growing from 2.9

Transportation 207

Transportation Energy Fuel Economy 2018 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2012

Low quality roads are undermining the benefits of the state’s rich mineral and coal deposits, holding back new economic opportunities and access to social amenities, especially for minority groups. Separately, ADB announced it will provide $300 million to overhaul more than 900 kilometers (559 miles) of roads in India’s Chhattisgarh state.

Philippines 277

Philippines India Gasoline Gasoline-Electric 277

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

World production of fossil fuels—oil, coal, and natural gas—increased 2.9% With four times the population and a vast demand for economic development to raise standards of living, developing countries will see energy use rise further. Coal has led the growth in fossil fuel production. in 2008 to reach 27.4

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Production Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

The IEA said that this reflects the continued domination of fossil fuels—particularly coal—in the energy mix and the slow uptake of other, lower-carbon supply technologies. The costs of most clean energy technologies fell more rapidly than anticipated. Coal technologies continue to dominate growth in power generation.

Carbon 265

Carbon Supplies Global Transportation 265

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA added a premium to the capital cost of CO 2 -intensive technologies to reflect current market behavior regarding possible future policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, the US electric power sector’s historical reliance on coal-fired power plants has begun to decline. Click to enlarge.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2009

The five different fuel groups were those derived: from conventional petroleum; from unconventional petroleum; synthetically from natural gas, coal, or combinations of coal and biomass via the FT process; renewable oils; and alcohols. Adverse effects of ULS jet fuel would include higher fuel prices (by about $0.05

MIT 250

MIT Oil-Sands Commercial Available 250

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2014

Between 2000 and 2012, these included mandating the closure of many polluting sources, auditing companies that produced large amounts of toxic and hazardous materials, setting pollutant emissions standards, and promoting energy efficiency and pollution reduction. The cost of premature death due to air pollution decreased by 3.83

Pollution 218

Pollution Chinese 2001 2010 218

EV Info

SEPTEMBER 23, 2021

The cost of grid management has soared to nearly £2billion a year in the last two decades. And in any case, an inflexible approach to regulation has caused the cost of new nuclear to balloon – despite it being perhaps the most obvious solution to our long-term energy needs. Gas is the only answer.

Power 52

Power Powered Wind Coal 52

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

new appliance standards and CAFE) and changes in the way energy is used in the US economy. Further, the fossil fuel share of primary energy consumption falls from 82% in 2011 to 78% in 2040 as consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls, largely because of the incorporation of new fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2011

In addition, China also possesses an advantage in electric motors, which is partly due to its position as the dominant producer of rare earth.Rare earth materials, specifically neodymium, contribute approximately 30 percent of the material cost of permanent magnet motors, one of the key motor types used in electric propulsion systems.

China 199

China Global Supplies Vehicles 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2012

For example, near-term CCS technology applied to coal-fired power plants is projected to reduce the net output of the plant by some 30% and to increase the cost of electricity by 60–80%. Calculations show that for a coal-fired power plant, that could amount to approximately 30% of total energy generated. —Abhoyjit Bhown.

EPRI 255

EPRI Energy CO2 Carbon 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2010

These goals are to: Reduce the cost of producing hydrogen from renewable resources, nuclear energy, and coal with carbon sequestration; Reduce the cost of delivering, storing, and dispensing hydrogen; and. Improve the performance and reduce the cost of hydrogen storage systems.

Hydrogen 271

Hydrogen 2010 Fuel 2015 271

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2009

Efficiency standards that at least double miles per gallon of automobiles and light trucks over current vehicles (CAFE); and a reduction of miles driven (VMT) through road pricing, pay-as-you-drive insurance, and by encouraging transportation alternatives. For electric power. For buildings and appliances. Samaras et al. Samaras et al.

Market 186

Market CO2 Coal 2009 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

barely rises in OECD countries, although there is a pronounced shift away from oil, coal (and, in some countries, nuclear) towards natural gas and renewables. In the New Policies Scenario, global coal demand increases by 21% and is heavily focused in China and India. Energy demand. Renewables.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

EV Info

SEPTEMBER 21, 2021

We have closed most of the coal plants and several the aging nuclear plants are moving offline as they close for repair of reach end of life. Or in other words we are reliant on Putin to keep the light on and at his mercy on the cost of the gas. Right now, production is low in Russia, so the cost has increased. Nuclear 15%.

Power 98

Power Powered Gas-Electric Gas 98

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2014

The objective of the Hydrogen Production sub-program is to reduce the cost of hydrogen dispensed at the pump to a cost that is competitive on a cents-per-mile basis with competing vehicle technologies. Based on current analysis, this translates to a hydrogen threshold cost of. Source: DOE. Click to enlarge.

Hydrogen 225

Hydrogen Renewable Carbon Production 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

The proposed Transport Rule sets in place a new approach that can and will be applied again as further pollution reductions are needed to help areas meet air quality health standards, EPA says. The rule proposes a procedure for determining each upwind state’s control responsibility that EPA can apply to any revised air quality standard.

Pollution 218

Pollution EPA Transportation DC 218

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2016

This approach maintains standardization for manufacture while minimizing development and design time when scaling up, the company said. UKPIA has calculated that the total additional costs for UK refineries are up to £75 million/year (US$95 million/year) using an allowance cost of £10.50/t t CO 2 (US$13.27/t Steel making.

2017 150

2017 Design Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2013

Projected rates of fuel consumption improvement under different scenarios relative to past experience and the 2016 and 2025 CAFE standards. Continued improvement in vehicle efficiency, beyond that required by the 2025 CAFE standards, is an important part of each successful combination. Source: NRC. Click to enlarge. —Douglas M.

Hydrogen 244

Hydrogen Oil Plug-in Fuel Economy 244

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2014

Cost considerations on the total infrastructure or cost of ownership were also outside the scope of this work but are nevertheless important, they team noted. They also assumed that as future regulations on RPS (renewable portfolio standards) are enacted, the GHG emissions factor associated with the US mix will change.

Gas-Electric 345

Gas-Electric Gas Fuel Economy PHEV 345

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

ExxonMobil focused particularly on three groups of countries in projecting future energy trends: China and India, which are expected to account for half the growth in global energy demand because these two developing economies will lead the world in terms of population size and the pace of growth in standards of living.

Energy 252

Energy Global 2010 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

Driven by increasing population, urbanization and rising living standards, the world will require some 35% more energy in 2040, according to ExxonMobil’s annual forecast report: Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040. This slower growth is attributed to the relatively higher cost of the vehicles, driven by the cost of batteries.

Oil-Sands 309

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale 309

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2015

The rules establish the first national standards to limit CO 2 emissions from fossil-fuel-fired power plants, with a target of a 32% reduction against a 2005 baseline by 2030. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has released the final Clean Power Plan (CPP). Earlier post.). up to 1,700 heart attacks. 90,000 asthma attacks.

EPA 150

EPA Clean Cleaning Power 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. The committee also separately derived a range of values for damages from climate change; the wide range of possibilities for these damages made it impossible to develop precise estimates of cost. Coal accounts for about half the electricity produced in the US.

2005 246

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal 246

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2015

The cost of producing electricity from renewable sources such as wind and solar has been falling for several years. The report calculates the cost of producing electricity from different types of new power plants. 2010 and 2015 LCOE ranges for solar and wind technologies. Source: IEA/NEA. Click to enlarge. Source: IEA/NEA.

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Renewable South Africa Power 150