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New research led by Mohammad Masnadi, assistant professor of chemical and petroleum engineering at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, offers a closer look at the relationship between decreasing demand for oil and a resilient, varied oil market—and the carbon footprint associated with both.
Liquid intermediates from pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) can be co-processed in an oil refinery along with conventional crude oil. After pyrolysis, the vapors are condensed to give a dark brown fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO). In fast pyrolysis, biomass is quickly heated to around 500 °C in the absence of oxygen.
Canadian researchers have developed a large-scale economical method to extract hydrogen from oil sands (natural bitumen) and oil fields. The process can extract hydrogen from existing oil sands reservoirs, with huge existing supplies found in Canada and Venezuela. Proton Technologies is commercializing the process.
When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO 2 e. Earlier post.).
A team from the University of Calgary and Rice University has used flash joule heating (FJH) ( earlier post ) to convert low-value asphaltenes—a by-product of crude oil refining—into a high-value carbon allotrope, asphaltene-derived flash graphene (AFG). Flash graphene from asphaltenes. (A) —Saadi et al.
The California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has posted a preliminary draft version of the Oil Production Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimator (OPGEE) for the 19 March 2012 Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) public workshop to discuss lifecycle assessment of crude oil production, including high carbon-intensity crude oil (HCICO).
These results indicate that coal and oil are the energy sources leading to most emissions, and that hydro, wind, and nuclear are the energy sources leading to least emissions. On the two extremes, coal and oil result in about 176 times the emissions from hydro. Energy source Proportional amount of emissions relative to hydro Coal 175.9
Scientists from ExxonMobil, the Georgia Institute of Technology and Imperial College of London have published in the journal Science joint research on potential breakthroughs in a new membrane technology that could reduce emissions and energy intensity associated with refining crude oil.
Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). 74% of WTW emissions in our oil sands pathways. Credit: ACS, Bergerson et al.
The 70% sustainable-material tire includes 13 featured ingredients across nine different tire components, including: Carbon black is included in tires for compound reinforcement and to help increase their life and has traditionally been made by burning various types of petroleum products.
“Blue” hydrogen—produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas or coal gasification, but with CO 2 capture and storage—is being described as having low or zero carbon emissions. Our analysis assumes that captured carbon dioxide can be stored indefinitely, an optimistic and unproven assumption.
Biofuels producer Renewable Energy Group joined Iowa State University (ISU) at the BioCentury Research Farm (BCRF) to mark the start of a new hydrotreater pilot plant. REG converts waste and byproduct fats and oils into biodiesel and renewable diesel.
Hydrogen demand is currently concentrated in oil refining and ammonia production, but nearly 90% of projected demand growth through 2050 comes from new sectors like heavy-duty transportation, steel production, and long-term energy storage. According to S&P Global Commodity Insights’ hydrogen outlook, global hydrogen demand grows from 70.4
A new report from MIT’s Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change suggests that a tax on carbon emissions could help raise the money needed to reduce the US deficit, while improving the economy, lowering other taxes and reducing emissions. In the report— Carbon Tax Revenue and the Budget Deficit: A Win-Win-Win Solution?
Oil palm supplies more than 30% of world vegetable oil production. Its expanding production is driving rainforest destruction and massive carbon dioxide emissions, according to a new study led by researchers at Stanford and Yale universities. Indonesia is the leading producer of palm and palm kernel oil.
Lubricants—a more than $146-billion market serving numerous applications, automotive among them—are produced from base oils derived from petroleum mineral oils (mineral base oil) or synthetic oils such as poly-?-olefins olefins (PAOs) (synthetic base oil).
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected both consumer and commercial transportation, but global oil demand will probably continue to grow through 2030, according to a new study. In three of the four scenarios, global oil demand continued to grow through 2030. Lines represent global oil demand by study scenario.
LeMond Carbon announced the results of an independent technical audit conducted by Bureau Veritas (BV) of its carbon fiber manufacturing process. The audit was conducted on a pilot line at Deakin University’sCarbon Nexus facility in Geelong, Australia. This is a significant milestone for our company.
The successful bench-scale test of a novel carbon dioxide capturing sorbent promises to further advance the process as a possible technological option for reducing CO 2 emissions from coal-fired power plants. ATMI) , a subcontractor to SRI for the Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored test at the University of Toledo.
Researchers at Auburn University and North Carolina State University have shown that using a simple pretreatment process—torrefaction—improves the quality of bio-oil produced via catalytic fast pyrolysis. The total carbon yield from catalytic pyrolysis of torrefied biomass was 1.45 Srinivasan et al.
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) will collaborate with the University of Michigan (UM) to use additive manufacturing and machine learning to create an advanced burner that will eliminate 99.5% of the methane encountered during oil production. of the methane in gas flares used by the oil and gas industry. The three-year, $2.9-million
Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the University of Toronto have proposed a method enabling air conditioning and ventilation systems to produce synthetic fuels from CO 2 and water from the ambient air. The team presents this “crowd oil” concept in Nature Communications.
of China (COMAC) opened a demonstration facility that will turn waste cooking oil, commonly referred to as “gutter oil” in China, into sustainable aviation biofuel. billion liters) of biofuel could be made annually in China from used cooking oil. Boeing and Commercial Aircraft Corp.
Researchers at Drexel University have stabilized a rare monoclinic ?-sulfur sulfur phase within carbon nanofibers that enables successful operation of Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) batteries in carbonate electrolyte for 4000 cycles. AN open-access paper on their work is published in Communications Chemistry. —Pai et al.
The EU-funded research project HyFlexFuel recently successfully produced biocrudes via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) from a variety of biomasses, including sewage sludge, food waste, manure, wheat straw, corn stover, pine sawdust, miscanthus and microalgae in a pilot-scale continuous HTL plant at Aarhus University (Denmark).
Researchers at the University of have developed an unusually rapid method to deliver cost-effective algal biocrude in large quantities using a specially-designed jet mixer. —University of Utah chemical engineering assistant professor Swomitra “Bobby” Mohanty, co-author. —Leonard Pease, co-author. Yen-Hsun Tseng, Swomitra K.
Scientists at Rice University have created a nanoscale detector that checks for and reports on the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in crude oil and natural gas while they’re still in the ground. Crude oil and natural gas inherently contain hydrogen sulfide, which gives off a “rotten egg” smell. Click to enlarge.
Researchers at Henan Polytechnic University in China have hydrotreated the oil derived from hydrothermal liquefaction of scrap tires (STO) with waste engine oil (WEO) using five different activated carbon-supported noble metal catalysts—Pd/C, Pt/C, Ru/C, Ir/C, and Rh/C—for the production of liquid fuels.
By making use of a previously undesired side effect in oil recovery, researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) have developed a method that yields up to 20% more heavy oil than traditional methods. It is important to develop non-thermal chemical flooding for the recovery of heavy oil.
IBM Quantum is an industry-first initiative to build universal quantum systems for business and science applications. bp will work with IBM to explore using quantum computing to solve business and engineering challenges and explore the potential applications for driving efficiencies and reducing carbon emissions.
Hyundai Motor Group will collaborate with the Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Aramco) and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) jointly to research and develop an advanced fuel for an ultra lean-burn, spark-ignition engine that aims to lower the overall carbon dioxide emissions of a vehicle.
Researchers at Purdue University have shown that adding ultra-smooth submicrometer carbon spheres to motor oil can reduce friction and wear typically seen in engines by up to 25%. Coefficient of friction and sliding speed versus time for neat oil and 3.0 CS-Oil using POD apparatus under (a) 22.2 and (b) 93.7
Particles of nitrogen-containing porous carbon polymerize CO 2 from natural gas under pressure at a wellhead. Scientists in the Rice University lab of chemist James Tour have developed materials that offer a lower cost, less energy-intensive way to separate carbon dioxide from natural gas at wellheads. Click to enlarge.
Syzygy is advancing a new photocatalytic chemical reactor that could significantly reduce the cost and carbon emissions in the production process for a wide range of major chemicals such as fuel, fertilizer, and plastic.
Researchers at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) have developed a new method to increase significantly the amount of oil accumulated in plant leaves, which could then serve as a source for biofuel production. This represented an approximately 150-fold increase in oil content compared to wild type leaves. —John Shanklin.
A new black carbon (BC) emissions inventory from China found BC emissions levels in 2007 of 1,957 Gg BC—higher than reported in earlier studies. The paper by researchers from Peking University and Environment Canada appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Major emission areas are marked. Click to enlarge.
Researchers at the University of Oxford have developed a method to convert CO 2 directly into aviation fuel using a novel, inexpensive iron-based catalyst. These are important raw materials for the petrochemical industry and are presently also only obtained from fossil crude oil. H 2 O) on catalytically active sites on ?-Fe
For the study, the biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) consisted of a mixture of 80% palm-based methyl ester (PME) and 20% biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil—a typical blending ratio of commercial biodiesel in Korea. liter diesel engine and passenger car. Differences of emissions and fuel efficiency among 10% blended fuels. 2014.01.089.
A new study by researchers from Stockholm University concludes that automobile tires may be a potential previously unknown source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes—a type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)—to the environment. 35% reinforcing agents/fillers such as carbon black or silica; and 15?20%
Using a novel, reusable carbon material derived from old rubber tires, an Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)-led research team has developed a simple method to convert used cooking oil into biofuel. The patent-pending, waste oil-to-biofuel conversion adds a new approach to waste tire recycling initiatives. —Hood et al.
Lloyd’s Register (LR) and the University Maritime Advisory Services (UMAS) have published their latest assessment of the current and future fuels available to shipping to help define the optimum solutions as the maritime industry seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. —“Techno-economic assessment of zero-carbon fuels”.
The production costs for most chemicals via microbial fermentation are currently high compared to oil-derived products primarily because of operating costs associated with feedstock and feedstock processing. Alternatively, syngas can be added to sugar fermentation to provide the necessary reducing power and carbon. … Jones et al.
Biomass technology group BTG plans to set up a new high-tech technology company that can convert crude pyrolysis oil into diesel fuel suitable for the shipping sector. It will be the first refinery in the world for an advanced marine biofuel based on pyrolysis oil. The new facility will be operated by a new company named BTG-neXt.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) have developed a process for fabricating polytriazole membranes with 10-nanometer-thin selective layers containing subnanometer channels. Membrane technology offers a low-carbon footprint alternative that is considered more sustainable.
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