Carbon, Exhaust, Organization and Universal

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2019

Catalytic converters have been used in the US since the 1970s as a way to clean up pollutants from vehicle exhaust. In the catalytic process, rare metals such as platinum, are used in a chemical reaction to convert carbon monoxide and other pollutants to non-toxic carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water. —Yong Wang.

Exhaust

Exhaust Pollution Convert New Mexico

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Researchers use melamine to create effective, low-cost carbon capture; potential tailpipe application

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2022

Using an inexpensive polymer called melamine, researchers from UC Berkeley, Texas A&M and Stanford have created a cheap, easy and energy-efficient way to capture carbon dioxide from smokestacks. We distinguished ammonium carbamate pairs and a mix of ammonium carbamate and carbamic acid during carbon dioxide chemisorption.

Low Cost

Low Cost Carbon Texas Cheap

DOE to award up to $24M to advance direct air carbon capture technology

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2021

The US Department of Energy (DOE) will award up to $24 million for research into technology that captures carbon emissions directly from the air, replicating the way plants and trees absorb CO 2. ( building HVAC exhaust) and from natural fluids (e.g., DE-FOA-0002481 ).

Carbon

Carbon Exhaust Water Energy

Light-powered nano-bio hybrid organisms consume CO2, create plastics and fuels

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2019

University of Colorado Boulder researchers have developed nanobio-hybrid organisms capable of using airborne carbon dioxide and nitrogen to produce a variety of plastics and fuels, a promising first step toward low-cost carbon sequestration and eco-friendly manufacturing for chemicals. Yuchen Ding, John R. 9b02549.

Light

Light CO2 Power Powered

Rice University study of lung cells suggests anthropogenic carbon nanotubes are common pollutants

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2015

Rice University scientists, working with colleagues in France, have detected the presence of anthropogenic carbon nanotubes (CBTs) in cells extracted from the airways of Parisian children under routine treatment for asthma. Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles (a) in vehicle exhaust and (b) inside a lung cell vacuole.

Universal

Universal Carbon Pollution El Paso

ARPA-E awarding $39M to 16 projects to grow the domestic critical minerals supply chain

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2022

The selected projects, led by universities, national laboratories, and the private sector aim to develop commercially scalable technologies that will enable greater domestic supplies of copper, nickel, lithium, cobalt, rare earth elements, and other critical elements. Columbia University.

Supplies

Supplies Ni-Li Carbon Universal

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Guinea

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2011

A European study lead by scientists at the University of Edinburgh (UK) has found that the combustion-derived ultrafine particles from diesel fuel are the predominant mediators of the adverse effects—harming blood vessels and increasing the chances of blood clots forming in arteries, leading to a heart attack or stroke.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Emissions

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles. HEI receives balanced funding from government and industry.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2023

A study by researchers at the University of Birmingham in the UK has found that while Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOCs) and Diesel Particle Filters (DPFs) has been very effective in controlling the tailpipe emissions of solid particles, there has been little change in the liquid mode ( 104 cm −3 /24-hour mean) defined by WHO.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel London Environment

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

UC Irvine study finds organic constituents of UFP play important role in heart disease; suggestions for more effective emission control

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2013

Results of a study funded and released by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) suggest that the organic constituents of ultrafine PM (UFP, particles ? technology for the removal of the organic constituents as well as the reduction of the number of particles. PM comprises solid, liquid, and semi-volatile organic components.

Emissions

Emissions Los Angeles Pollution California

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2022

Several organizations, encompassing companies, research labs, and academia, have formed the Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group. —James Turner, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The only criteria emission of concern is NO x.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Engine Saudi Arabia Universal

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. Earlier post.) —ACES report. —ACES Review Panel.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

ALABC showcased three 48V hybrid demonstrators at AABC featuring advanced lead-carbon batteries

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2015

The Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (ALABC) last month showcased three hybrid electric concept vehicles resulting from its R&D program that demonstrate the real-world potential of lead-carbon batteries in 48V architectures. All three vehicles feature advanced lead-carbon batteries, also known as carbon-enhanced lead-acid batteries.

Carbon

Carbon Lead Acid Hybrid Batteries

New MOF material captures and converts NO2

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2019

New research led by The University of Manchester has developed a metal-organic framework (MOF) material that provides a selective, fully reversible and repeatable capability to capture nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), a toxic air pollutant produced particularly by diesel and bio-fuel use. —Dr Sihai Yang, a lead author.

Convert

Convert Pollution Water Universal

MAN ES and research partners to develop methanol retrofit solutions for medium-speed marine engines; CliNeR-ECo

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2023

These will be introduced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the EU in increasingly stringent stages from 2025 onwards in order to ultimately realize climate-neutral maritime shipping. Energy sources such as carbon-neutral methanol and ammonia will therefore play a prominent role in the maritime sector in the future.

Mariner

Mariner Engine Climate Concept

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 3, 2021

DOE’s Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy (ARPA-E) Reducing Emissions of Methane Every Day of the Year (REMEDY) program ( earlier post ) was unveiled earlier this year for universities and private companies focused on significantly reducing US methane emissions. Selection amount: $3,257,089). Selection amount: $1,500,000).

Gas

Gas Emissions Engine Coal

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. versus 6.3 ± 1.1

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Royal Academy of Engineering study examines future lower-carbon ship powering options

Green Car Congress

JULY 26, 2013

These concerns are enhanced by the introduction of environmental regulations intended to reduce the impact of climate change—primarily MARPOL Annex VI and the Energy Efficiency Design Index regulations together with the possible introduction of carbon taxes.

Engine

Engine Future Carbon Power

Williams Advanced Engineering and Unipart Manufacturing Group form automotive battery JV; Aston Martin launch customer

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2018

The move has been welcomed by the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy as a significant step forward in the UK’s contribution to reducing carbon emissions. What will be the UK’s largest independent vehicle battery manufacturer will open in early 2019 in Coventry.

Aston Martin

Aston Martin Manufacturer Engine Batteries

U Alberta study shows for the first time that sunlight causes chemical reactions in road dust; singlet oxygen

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2018

Researchers at the University of Alberta (Canada) have shown for the first time that road dust is photochemically active; i.e., sunlight causes chemical reactions in the dust. Although many studies have investigated the composition and toxicity of road dust, up until this study, nothing was known regarding its photochemical reactivity.

Cape Verde

Cape Verde Niger Arizona Exhaust

Study finds automobile tires are a potential source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes to the environment

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2012

A new study by researchers from Stockholm University concludes that automobile tires may be a potential previously unknown source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes—a type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)—to the environment. 35% reinforcing agents/fillers such as carbon black or silica; and 15?20%

Environment

Environment Automobile Exhaust Oil

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH).

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

In four campaigns over the year-long study, the team from the University of Toronto measured emissions 15 meters from the roadway, then converted the measurements to fuel-based emission factors (EFs). Hence, GDI PM mass loadings and chemical composition may vary depending on the measurement environment or exhaust conditioning.

Environment

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014

Study finds biodiesel blend reduces total particle mass in emissions but may have greater adverse health effect per mass than diesel

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2013

The most significant compositional difference between the exhaust PM from combustion of the 2 fuels was the ratio of polar to non-polar species: 46% assigned polar for B0 vs 68% polar compounds for the B20 fuel. We are unaware of previous studies reporting this type of comparison of the exhaust PM. —Fukagawa et al.

B0

B0 Diesel Emissions Exhaust

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

Panels show (a) PM 2.5 , (b) elemental carbon (EC), (c) NO x , (d) CO, (e) formaldehyde, and (f) sum of target VOCs. A new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan compared regulated and unregulated emissions from both light-duty passenger car (1.7 Emission rates for the 1.7 L engines at idle. Credit: ACS, Chin et al.

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

Ricardo and Univ. of Brighton working on advanced combustion system for heavy-duty vehicles; CoolR features recuperated split-cycle with isothermal compression using cryogenic injection

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. Ricardo and the University of Brighton will model and evaluate an advanced split-cycle combustion system aimed at substantially reducing the carbon emissions of heavy-duty vehicles.

Exhaust

Exhaust Concept Vehicles Engine

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco

Ricardo and Recycling Technologies to characterize Plaxx plastic-waste-derived-fuel for marine applications

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2016

Recycling Technologies is industrializing a process—originally developed at the University of Warwick (UK)—to convert residual plastic waste into a low-sulfur hydrocarbon compound called Plaxx. Plaxx is created from residual mixed plastic waste that is not amenable to direct recycling and would otherwise go to landfill.

Mariner

Mariner Waste Fuel Climate Change

DOE Makes First Awards from $1.4B for Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Projects

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2009

billion from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act for the capture carbon dioxide from industrial sources for storage or beneficial use. Secretary Chu on Carbon Capture. Noting that coal accounts for roughly 25% of the world energy supply and 40% of the carbon emissions. University of Utah. DOE Share: $2,723,512).

Carbon

Carbon Industrial Industry Coal

ARPA-E announces $98M in funding for 40 OPEN projects; two opposed-piston engines projects receive $10M total

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2018

Of those selected, approximately 43% of OPEN 2018 projects will be led by universities, 35% by small businesses, and the remainder by large businesses, non-profit organizations or federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs). University of California, San Diego. University of Delaware.

Engine

Engine San Diego Polymer Lithium Ion

Penn State, U Mich team characterizes soot generated by low-temperature diesel combustion

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2016

Researchers from Penn State and the University of Michigan have characterized the nanostructure and oxidative reactivity of soot generated by a light-duty turbodiesel engine operating under a dilute, low-temperature combustion process referred to as high-efficiency clean combustion (HECC).

Diesel

Diesel Exhaust Engine Emissions

Commercial Shipping Emits Almost Half As Much Particulate Pollution as Total Released by World’s Cars

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2009

Globally, commercial ships emit almost half as much particulate matter pollutants into the air as the total amount released by the world’s cars, according to a new study led by NOAA and the University of Colorado at Boulder. So the sulfur fuel regulations have the indirect effect of reducing the organic particles emitted.

Pollution

Pollution Commercial Exhaust Cleaner

Researchers develop new highly efficient core-shell catalyst for methane oxidation; potential for reducing emissions from automotive engines

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2012

Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania, along with collaborators from Italy and Spain, have designed new core-shell type catalysts inspired by the concepts of supramolecular chemistry that oxidize methane 30 times better than do currently available catalysts. Click to enlarge. is published in the journal Science.

Emissions

Emissions Engine Spain Exhaust

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. We continuously measure the concentration of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and volatile organic compounds at our urban observatory in Innsbruck. We record 36,000 data points per hour.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

SAE REX: PHEVs and REEVs could open door for advanced combustion regime engines

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2016

The REX symposium was sponsored by Mahle; the organizers were from Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Mahle. You’re going to need to have very scalable low-carbon fuels if you are going to have PHEVs be a path for deep decarbonization. High efficiency engines with low-carbon fuels clearly is a major, major pathway.

PHEV

PHEV Engine Fuel Economy Economy

Lancet Commission report estimates pollution responsible for 9 million premature deaths globally in 2015; 16% of deaths

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2017

To provide a framework for organizing scientific knowledge about pollution and its effects on human health and to help focus pollution-related research, the Commission developed the concept of the pollutome. —Simon Fraser University health sciences professor Bruce Lanphear, who is a Commissioner and report author.

Pollution

Pollution Global 2015 Water

U Toronto studies find traffic emissions spread farther than thought; 25% of cars causing 90% of pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2015

A trio of recently published studies from a team of University of Toronto engineers has found that air pollution could be spreading up to three times farther than thought, contributing to varying levels of air quality across cities. As we looked at the exhaust coming out of individual vehicles, we saw so many variations.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Canada 2015

Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

Researchers from Tsinghua University and Peking University have investigated the effects of fuel properties on particulate emissions gasoline direct injection engines (GDI). The GDI tailpipe particulates consist mainly of EC (elemental carbon), OM (organic matter) and small amounts of inorganic ions. Szybist, J.,

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel

CPT presenting two papers at SAE World Congress on SpeedStart and TIGERS for 48V mild hybrid systems

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2014

For the ADEPT project, the consortium comprises CPT, the European Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (EALABC), Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Ford and the University of Nottingham. The exhaust gas can reach temperatures greater than 900 °C, whereas the turbine upper functional limit is 850 °C. SpeedStart.

Congress

Congress Hybrid Exhaust Gas-Electric

Researchers Find Particles From Car Brakes Harm Lung Cells

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2009

Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser and Peter Gehr from the University of Bern, Switzerland, and Michael Riediker from the Institute for Work and Health, Lausanne, Switzerland, worked with a team of researchers to study the effects of brake particles on cultured lung cells placed in a chamber close to the axle of a car.

Switzerland

Switzerland Cars Exhaust Pollution

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Researchers use melamine to create effective, low-cost carbon capture; potential tailpipe application

DOE to award up to $24M to advance direct air carbon capture technology

Light-powered nano-bio hybrid organisms consume CO2, create plastics and fuels

Rice University study of lung cells suggests anthropogenic carbon nanotubes are common pollutants

ARPA-E awarding $39M to 16 projects to grow the domestic critical minerals supply chain

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

UC Irvine study finds organic constituents of UFP play important role in heart disease; suggestions for more effective emission control

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

ALABC showcased three 48V hybrid demonstrators at AABC featuring advanced lead-carbon batteries

New MOF material captures and converts NO2

MAN ES and research partners to develop methanol retrofit solutions for medium-speed marine engines; CliNeR-ECo

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Royal Academy of Engineering study examines future lower-carbon ship powering options

Williams Advanced Engineering and Unipart Manufacturing Group form automotive battery JV; Aston Martin launch customer

U Alberta study shows for the first time that sunlight causes chemical reactions in road dust; singlet oxygen

Study finds automobile tires are a potential source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes to the environment

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Study finds biodiesel blend reduces total particle mass in emissions but may have greater adverse health effect per mass than diesel

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Ricardo and Univ. of Brighton working on advanced combustion system for heavy-duty vehicles; CoolR features recuperated split-cycle with isothermal compression using cryogenic injection

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

Ricardo and Recycling Technologies to characterize Plaxx plastic-waste-derived-fuel for marine applications

DOE Makes First Awards from $1.4B for Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Projects

ARPA-E announces $98M in funding for 40 OPEN projects; two opposed-piston engines projects receive $10M total

Penn State, U Mich team characterizes soot generated by low-temperature diesel combustion

Commercial Shipping Emits Almost Half As Much Particulate Pollution as Total Released by World’s Cars

Researchers develop new highly efficient core-shell catalyst for methane oxidation; potential for reducing emissions from automotive engines

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

SAE REX: PHEVs and REEVs could open door for advanced combustion regime engines

Lancet Commission report estimates pollution responsible for 9 million premature deaths globally in 2015; 16% of deaths

U Toronto studies find traffic emissions spread farther than thought; 25% of cars causing 90% of pollution

Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

CPT presenting two papers at SAE World Congress on SpeedStart and TIGERS for 48V mild hybrid systems

Researchers Find Particles From Car Brakes Harm Lung Cells

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