Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

Now, researchers at Imperial College London have shown that bioethanol production from bamboo in China is both technically and economically feasible, as well as cost-competitive with gasoline. million tons in 2008. An open access paper on their study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels.

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Gasoline China Tax London 351

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2010

At the current pace of research and development, replacing gasoline and diesel with renewable fuel alternatives could take some 131 years, according to a new University of California, Davis, study using a new sustainability forecasting approach based on market expectations. The forecast was published online 8 Nov.

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Davis Renewable Gasoline Diesel 300

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2020

A sudden drop in miles traveled by car in the US triggered by wide-spread social isolation measures will have immediate ramifications for gasoline demand. IHS Markit analysis finds that US gasoline demand could fall by as much as 4.1 The four-week average US gasoline demand for the week ending 6 March 2020 was 9.1 million units.

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Gasoline 2020 Gasoline-Electric 2008 269

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2010

California gasoline consumption decreased 2.3% in November 2009 compared to the same month in 2008, according to figures released by Betty T. January through November 2009, California gasoline consumption declined 1.4% compared to January through November of 2008. Gasoline consumption declined 2.3 per gallon.

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2009 Gasoline California Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2016

These were the highest January deliveries in eight years, since 2008. Total motor gasoline deliveries, a measure of consumer gasoline demand, rose 1.4% Crude oil production decreased 1.4% Crude oil imports increased 8% from January 2015 to 7.7 Gasoline production averaged nearly 9.5 At nearly 3.6

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2008 Gasoline North Dakota 2015 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2009

Huber’s patent-pending technique offers a low-cost, single-step process for turning sawdust, woody stalks and other waste biomass into gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil and valuable chemical commodities such as benzene, toluene and xylenes. Rather than refining crude oil we’re going to be refining renewable biomass.

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Renewable Gasoline Aspen Massachusetts 348

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

in 2008, against 3.3% In addition to high oil prices and the financial crisis, the increased use of new renewable energy sources, such as biofuels for road transport and wind energy for electricity generation, had a noticeable and mitigating impact on CO 2 emissions. billion tonnes in 2008. Source: PBL. Click to enlarge.

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2008 Oil Renewable Emissions 170

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JANUARY 7, 2021

A modest increase between 2004 and 2008 (from 19.6 A minor increase between 2008 and 2019 (from 21.8 In terms of fuel consumption per distance driven, the change between 1973 (the year of the first oil embargo) and 1991 (from 7.75 In comparison, the change between 2008 and 2019 (from 4.59 mpg for both years). per year.

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Fuel Economy 2019 Economy Light 435

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2013

Crude oil imports from the top five foreign suppliers to the United States—which in 2012 were Canada, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Venezuela, and Iraq, in that order—accounted for almost 72% of total US net crude oil imports, the highest proportion since 1997, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

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Saudi Arabia Oil Iraq Venezuela 262

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2010

However, even with increases in 2010 and 2011, projected CO 2 emissions in 2011 are lower than annual emissions from 1999 through 2008. EIA projects that world oil consumption will grow by 1.5 Most of the growth in oil consumption is expected in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions. US crude oil production averaged 5.32

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2008 2010 Emissions Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2010

million barrels a day, US gasoline deliveries (a measure of demand) fell slightly (0.03%)in July 2010 compared with July 2009, continuing weak deliveries for the first half of the year, according to figures from the American Petroleum Institute (API). Except for 2008, it was the lowest July gasoline demand number since 2003.

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Gasoline 2003 2004 2009 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Shell is the first major oil company to do so. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.)

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Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2019

A modest increase between 2004 and 2008 (from 19.6 A minor increase between 2008 and 2017 (from 21.8 In terms of fuel consumption per distance driven, the change between 1973 (the year of the first oil embargo) and 1991 (from 7.75 In comparison, the change between 2008 and 2017 (from 4.59 mpg for both years). per year.

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Fuel Economy 2017 Economy Light 397

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2010

KiOR, developer of a catalytic pyrolysis process to produce renewable oil from biomass, will receive a $75-million state-backed loan from Mississippi to bring the first three of its full-scale production facilities to the state. Clarion Ledger. The first site will be built in Columbus, Mississippi and could open by the end of 2011.

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Mississippi Oil Renewable Columbus 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2009

US crude oil production for October averaged 5.36 On the demand side, gasoline deliveries for October showed their first decline since May, dropping 0.5 percent from last October’s delivery surge that followed hurricane-related supply interruptions of September 2008. Crude production from the Lower 48 states averaged 4.67

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Oil Production Mexico 2005 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2015

In a new, comprehensive study, a team from Argonne National Laboratory, Stanford University and UC Davis ITS has estimated the well-to-wheels (WTW) GHG emissions of US production of gasoline and diesel sourced from Canadian oil sands. g CO 2 e/MJ for US conventional crude oil recovery. This range can be compared to ∼4.4

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Oil-Sands Oil Gasoline Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2013

The world’s consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 In 2009, Asia surpassed North America as the world’s largest petroleum-consuming region as consumption rebounded from its 2008 decline. Between 2008 and 2012, Asia’s consumption increased by 4.4

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North America 2012 America Europe 261

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2013

one of the world leaders in algae-based “Green Crude” oil production, and Phillips 66, an integrated energy manufacturing and logistics company, have entered a strategic joint development agreement aimed at taking production of algae crude oil a significant step toward commercialization. San Diego-based Sapphire Energy, Inc.,

Oil 199

Oil Energy San Diego Columbus 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2009

For 2008, the EIA reported a 3.2% decrease in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels in 2008. Although little change in CO 2 emissions from motor gasoline is expected in 2009, CO 2 emissions from other transportation petroleum fuels, particularly jet fuel (a 9.8% decline in consumption), distillate fuel oil (an 8.2%

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2009 Emissions Gasoline Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2014

An article in the latest issue of IEA Energy: The Journal of the International Energy Agency reports that Estonia, which has the most developed oil shale industry in the world, is collaborating in pursuing wider use of oil shale in a cleaner, more sustainable manner. Different that shale oil—i.e., million (US$12.8

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Estonia Oil Cleaner Jordan 236

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region. In the US hybrids fell from about 3% of total sales in 2008-09 to 2.2%

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Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

EPA projects advanced transmissions (6+ speeds and CVTs), gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems, and turbocharged engines will be installed on at least 15% of all MY 2013 vehicles. The majority of the emissions and fuel savings from current vehicles, EPA noted, is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies. Click to enlarge.

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Fuel Economy 2012 Economy EPA 247

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2009

An executive at Sinopec’s institute for economic and technology research predicted that China’s oil demand will increase by up to one third by 2015 as car ownership grows fast from its current low base. By way of comparison, in 2008, the US consumed approximately 967 million tonnes (7.1

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2015 Oil 2008 2010 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

US gasoline production jumped to 9.1 million barrels per day for April 2010, the highest April level ever and the second-highest gasoline production level for any month on record behind only March 2010 ( earlier post ), according to the American Petroleum Institute’s (API) Monthly Statistical Report. over last year from 8.9

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Gasoline Production 2009 2010 170

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

Oil remains the world’s leading fuel, but its 33.1% Oil demand grew by less than 1%—the slowest rate amongst fossil fuels—while gas grew by 2.2%, and coal was the only fossil fuel with above average annual consumption growth at 5.4% The fossil fuel mix continues to change with oil, the world’s leading fuel at 33.1%

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Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2011

Backed by a $25-million US Department of Energy (DOE) award, the Honeywell UOP Integrated Biorefinery will utilize rapid thermal processing (RTP) technology ( earlier post ) to convert biomass into a pourable, liquid bio-oil (pyrolysis oil). approx 75 wt%) of liquid bio-oil from residual forestry or agricultural biomass.

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Hawaii Gasoline Oil-Sands Diesel 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

This trend is driven primarily by finished motor gasoline and distillate fuel oil which are increasingly exported to Latin America. exports of gasoline and distillate increased by 133% and 144%, respectively, from 2007 to 2010. Annual U.S.

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2007 Global Market Production 273

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2009

Waste feedstock shall include, but not be limited to: waste vegetable oils, waste animal fats, substances derived from wastewater and the treatment of wastewater or grease trap waste. Governor Patrick signed the Clean Energy Biofuels Act on 28 July 2008. Massachusetts Advanced Biofuels Task Force report (2008). The Mandate.

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Massachusetts Waste Oil Diesel 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 28, 2010

Berhad (SDR) (the research and development division of Sime Darby [SD], the world’s leading palm oil producer), have agreed to build and to operate a demonstration plant to produce cellulosic ethanol from palm oil Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB). MBK), have been developing a new business scheme using EFB since 2008. Earlier post.).

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Oil Malaysia Engine Indonesia 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

Theta II GDI, its first Gasoline Direct Injection engine before an audience of engineers attending the Ninth Annual Hyundai-Kia International Powertrain Conference in Korea. GDI application will subsequently be expanded across the gasoline engine family and applied to other Hyundai models. Theta II GDI. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Hyundai Engine Production 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2009

million in 2008. The fuel has to be cheaper than gasoline/diesel to recover the additional cost of the vehicle within a reasonable amount of time. NGVs have substantially lower GHG, CO 2 , and NO x than gasoline or diesel. between 2008 and 2015 (compared to 2.7% between 2008 and 2015. Environmental benefits.

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2015 Gas Fleet Global 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2010

The total lead inventory for 2008 will be available in 2010. EPA has issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) on lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft using leaded aviation gasoline (avgas). A fraction of lead is retained in the engine, engine oil and/or exhaust system, which EPA currently estimates at 5%.

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EPA Gasoline Emissions 2008 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2013

The technology also increases corn oil extraction by 13%, while saving 8% energy. A typical US ethanol plant uses around 36 million bushels (900,000 tons) of feed-grade corn per year to produce 100 million gallons of fuel ethanol, 300,000 tons of animal feed (DDGS) and 8,500 tons of corn oil. Avantec was introduced in October 2012.

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Oil Energy Chicago Illinois 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The new Peugeot 208 B-segment supermini, which launches this spring in Europe, will be available in 3- and 5-door bodystyles with a range of gasoline and diesel engines including a new 3-cylinder gasoline engine range and the latest generation of Stop & Start System (e-HDi) diesel engines. 208 gasoline range. 208 gasoline range.

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Gasoline Diesel Engine France 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2009

in 2008 to 5,802 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (MMTCO 2 ), down from 5,967 MMTCO 2 in 2007, according to preliminary estimates released by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Only one other year in the 1990 to 2008 time period experienced a decline: 1.2% Motor gasoline accounts for 58.7% Source: EIA. since 1990.

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2008 Emissions Carbon Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2009

Australia-based Revetec is designing what it calls the Controlled Combustion Engine (CCE)—a cam-drive gasoline spark-ignited internal combustion engine that is smaller, lighter, cleaner, less expensive to manufacture and that produces higher torque due to higher mechanical transfer than equivalent conventional engines. Click to enlarge.

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Engine Gasoline Production China 240

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2015

Lower crude oil prices and strong demand for petroleum products, primarily gasoline, both in the United States and globally, have led to favorable margins that encourage refinery investment and high refinery runs. Since May 20, Gulf Coast gasoline crack spreads have averaged 17 cents/gal higher than for distillate crack spreads.

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Gasoline 2014 Louisiana Oil 150