Green Car Congress

JANUARY 22, 2013

Following the introduction of the Bosch electric axle-split hybrid in PSA Peugeot Citroën diesel vehicles ( earlier post ), the two companies are now planning to develop a hydraulic hybrid powertrain for passenger cars. Price vs. emissions positioning of the Hybrid Air technology. Click to enlarge. l/100km (81.1 Click to enlarge.

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Hybrid 2016 Gasoline-Electric Fuel 391

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

between 2008 and 2009. Carbon intensity changes in the electric power and industrial end use sectors. Carbon intensity changes in the electric power and industrial end use sectors. In 2009, the carbon intensity of the electric power sector decreased by nearly 4.3%, primarily due to fuel switching as the price of coal rose 6.8%

2009 239

2009 Emissions Carbon Transportation 239

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region. In the US hybrids fell from about 3% of total sales in 2008-09 to 2.2%

Transportation 250

Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

This larger resource leads to about double the shale gas production and more than 20% higher total lower-48 natural gas production in 2035, with lower natural gas prices, than was projected in the AEO2010 Reference case. —EIA Administrator Richard Newell.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2011

VMT rose slightly in 2009 while emissions from gasoline and diesel fuel declined, a result EIA attributes as a likely result of more efficient vehicles and increased consumption of biofuels. per year from 1990 to 2008. The electric power sector accounts for 40% of all energy-related CO 2 emissions. Click to enlarge.

2009 199

2009 Emissions Transportation Miles 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2010

A new study from the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs finds that reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation will be a much bigger challenge than many assume, and will require substantially higher fuel prices combined with more stringent regulations. —Morrow et al.

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Tax Credit Tax Emissions Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

Because of the lower carbon/hydrogen ratio of methane (CH 4 ) relative to gasoline, CO 2 emissions from the combustion of natural gas are approximately 75% of those of gasoline for a given amount of energy production. emissions are reduced by around 25% relative to the use of gasoline for the same engine efficiency. Source: MIT.

MIT 299

MIT Gas Transportation Future 299

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. In 1975, General Ernesto Geisel, then-president of Brazil, ordered the country’s gasoline supply mixed with 10% ethanol. Donovan, CEO Renergie, Inc. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in Brazil.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

Suppliers identified a wide range of conventional and electric technology that could be used to meet the standards. Hybrid technology was also viewed as important, along with variable valve timing, gasoline direct injection, and mass reduction. 59% said that fuel-economy standards help spur job growth.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Auto Economy Standards 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

Now, researchers at Imperial College London have shown that bioethanol production from bamboo in China is both technically and economically feasible, as well as cost-competitive with gasoline. China bioethanol pump price for five enzyme loading scenarios in ( a ) 2011 with a 16¢ per liter (60.6¢ million tons in 2008.

China 351

China Gasoline Tax London 351

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

The California Green Innovation Index has tracked key economic and environmental indicators at the regional, state, national and international level since 2008. As gasoline prices fell starting in late 2014, motorists logged an additional 2.7 Over the same time period, traditional gasoline vehicle registration increased 1.7%.

California 150

California Light Emissions Climate 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2009

The decrease was driven by the economic downturn, combined with a significant switch from coal to natural gas as a source of electricity generation, according to the EIA. For 2008, the EIA reported a 3.2% decrease in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels in 2008. decline in consumption), distillate fuel oil (an 8.2% Natural Gas.

2009 220

2009 Emissions Gasoline Coal 220

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2011

The Energy Commission’s first investment plan combined $176 million in funds from fiscal years 2008-2009 and 2009-2010. Natural gas- and propane-powered vehicles help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality; natural gas and propane prices are also less volatile than petroleum prices. $24

California 210

California Transportation Energy Clean 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2011

Current case design block flow diagram of thermochemical gasoline from biomass-derived methanol and the methanol-to-gasoline process. This is a gallon ethanol equivalent on an energy basis (gee) price of $1.39/gallon Gasoline has a higher energy content than ethanol.) Source: NREL. Click to enlarge. gallon US ($0.52/liter).

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric Convert 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

These shocks pushed energy prices higher in much of the world, with oil prices reaching a record annual average of more than $100 per barrel (bbl) for the first time. Brent oil prices were on average 40% higher than 2010 and exceeded $100 a barrel for the first time ever; at $111.26/bbl, Prices increased in all regions.

Coal 261

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Costs of light-duty plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are high—largely due to their lithium-ion batteries—and unlikely to drastically decrease in the near future, according to a new report from the National Research Council (NRC). It has a 40-mile electric range, a larger electric motor, and a much larger battery than the PHEV-10.

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Plug-in Plug PHEV Hybrid 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2009

A new paper from the Carnegie Mellon Electricity Industry Center concludes that while a market-based mechanism (e.g. For electric power. Similar or higher prices would be needed for other types of low-carbon plant investment. Similar or higher prices would be needed for other types of low-carbon plant investment.

Market 186

Market CO2 Coal 2009 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2010

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) has released a report by Energetics Inc. The focus of the meeting was on plug-in vehicle batteries (plug-in hybrids [PHEVs] and battery-electric vehicles [BEVs]) and batteries for large and small stationary energy storage applications. Advanced Batteries Café Summary Report.

Plug-in 225

Plug-in Plug Batteries Battery 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2012

The Ford survey showed the majority of people say life would be “impossible” without a car; however 76% of Europeans say they are affected by stress from traffic congestion and fuel prices. By comparison, 66% of those polled have owned a gasoline engine vehicle and 38% have owned a diesel engine vehicle. Future mobility solutions.

Environment 319

Environment Cost Of Ford Cars 319

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2014

From the perspective of mobility zones based on travel distance, hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles can match the everyday usability of a current gasoline car, and become mainstream environmentally friendly vehicles. On the other hand, fuel cell vehicles are extremely versatile, with a long cruising range and a short fueling time. “In

2015 274

2015 Toyota Fuel Market 274

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2013

Broadly, compliance is achieved through biofuel blending (with both gasoline and diesel) and through the deployment of advanced vehicle technologies that use natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen. It does not matter if credits are generated using fuels that substitute for gasoline or fuels that substitute for diesel.

California 210

California Carbon Fuel Standards 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

EPA attributes the trend to an increase in energy consumption across all economic sectors, due to increasing energy demand associated with an expanding economy, and increased demand for electricity for air conditioning due to warmer summer weather during 2010. Nearly 65% of the emissions resulted from gasoline consumption. Tg CO 2 Eq.

2010 252

2010 EPA Transportation Emissions 252

Revenge of the Electric Car

APRIL 6, 2010

This Tesla is one of a number of electric cars coming on the market. Will Electric Cars Give New York a Charge? The number of electric cars bought, according to the study, “may be significantly less if these assumptions do not materialize.&# ‘ Here is the text of the entire article, in case the link goes bad: [link].

New York City 167

New York City New York Obama Tax Credit 167

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2009

Probabilities at different price points for at lest some chance of purchase. The survey of a nationally representative sample of 2,513 adults age 18 and over was conducted between July and November 2008 by the U-M Institute for Social Research as part of the Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers. Source: Curtin et al.

Michigan 218

Michigan Plug-in Cost Of Plug 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

Washington, DC’s current focus is electric vehicles (EVs) and electric technology. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continues to employ outdated mileage formulas (55 city 45 highway) that do not accurately represent consumers driving habits and dramatically tilts manufacturers into producing electric-vehicle solutions.

Standards 247

Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG 247

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

CAR used this study to estimate the likely cost and price impact on new motor vehicles for three different powertrain pathways: spark-ignited; compression-ignited; and electrification. Each of these nine pathways produced a specific fuel economy standard and cost estimate measured at retail price equivalence. per gallon gasoline.

Fuel Economy 199

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2010

The technology pathways are intended to show the different cost impacts of achieving different levels of stringency, if the industry were to place more or less emphasis on hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and electric vehicles as compared to advanced gasoline technologies and vehicle mass reduction. hybrids, and electric vehicles.

Fuel Economy 199

Fuel Economy EPA 2017 Economy 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The WCSB crudes that would likely be transported through Keystone XL, are on average more GHG-intensive per MJ of produced gasoline than the current crudes they would displace in the United States—between 2% to 19%, depending on the study and the type of crude used as a reference. Source: Draft SEIS. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2011

This downward trend was attributed to a decrease in fuel and electricity consumption across all US economic sectors. From 2008 to 2009, CO 2 emissions from the transportation end-use sector declined 4%. Similarly, increased jet fuel prices were a factor in the 19% decrease in commercial aircraft emissions since 2007.

2009 207

2009 Emissions EPA Climate Change 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2009

million—a 38% drop compared to the January 2008 SAAR of 15.37 Actual sales in 2008 were 13.2 With average gasoline prices (all grades) remaining down from their highs in mid-2008, light trucks continued to outsell cars in January 2009. Percentage change in car and truck sales, Jan 2009 vs. Jan 2008.

Sale 150

Sale 2008 Camry Hybrid 2009 150

EV Info

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Norway has offered strong incentives for motorists to switch to Electric Vehicles with strong tax incentives for electric vehicles. ICE vehicles are subject to a significant tax, and electric vehicles are exempt from that tax. As a result, you can get a much better EV, at any price, compared to price-competitive gas cars.

Norway 52

Norway Petrol BMW Volvo 52

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2010

According to the recently finalized Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2008 , net US GHG emissions in 2008 were down 2.7% The bill provides assistance to those Americans who may be disproportionately affected by potential increases in energy prices through tax cuts and an energy refund program.

Gas-Electric 210

Gas-Electric Climate Gas Energy 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2009

Renault is currently working on the development of low-emission and zero-CO 2 emissions vehicles in what it calls “ a determined bid ” to introduce as many effective technologies as possible at an affordable price. Electric motors. Renault is aiming to become the industry leader in the realm of mass-market electric vehicles.

Engine 150

Engine Motor Motors Motoring 150

Plug In Partners

JUNE 11, 2008

Japan and Europe by 2010 By Yuri Kageyama, The Associated Press June 11, 2008 TOKYO -- Toyota is introducing a plug-in hybrid with next-generation lithium-ion batteries in the U.S., Such plug-in hybrids can run longer as an electric vehicle than regular hybrids, and are cleaner. Event Summary Oil prices are at record highs.

Plug-in 100

Plug-in Toyota Plug Nickel Metal Hydride 100

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2010

Ethanol can only be used in a blend of up to 10% with gasoline, biodiesel is being limited to no more than a 5% blend with conventional diesel. It makes sense to focus on biofuel substitutes for diesel rather than substitutes for gasoline. Other feedstocks, such as switchgrass, could also be minor players. per liter (US$5.12/gallon

New Zealand 210

New Zealand Diesel Petrol Oil 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2016

To enable this technology sharing in the Mirai, Toyota had to make a design advance from Toyota’s earlier Toyota FCHV-adv fuel cell vehicle, launched on a limited lease basis in 2008 ( earlier post ) with the introduction of an FC Boost Converter. low voltage and high current). Fuel economy. —Hasegawa et al.

Toyota 150

Toyota Design Fuel 2016 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2009

Estimates of potential for gasoline consumption reduction in the US light duty fleet in 2020 and 2035 relative to 2007. million barrels per day in 2008) will be challenging. million barrels per day of gasoline-equivalent) with near-zero lifecycle CO 2. million barrels gasoline equivalent per day, while CBTL could deliver 2.5

Coal 150

Coal Conversion Light Future 150