Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Biofuels grow at a slower rate due to lower crude oil prices and. The decline reflects increased domestic production of both petroleum and natural gas, increased use of biofuels, and lower demand resulting from the adoption of new vehicle fuel efficiency standards and rising energy prices. Biomass and biofuels growth is slower.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale PHEV 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

The “Arab Spring” affected oil and gas supplies—most notably the complete, albeit temporary, loss of Libyan supply—while the tragic Fukushima accident in Japan had knock-on effects for nuclear and other energy sources around the world. bbl, they were the second-highest in inflation adjusted terms, behind only 1864.

Coal 261

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2011

Natural gas is projected to be the fastest growing fossil fuel, and coal and oil are likely to lose market share as all fossil fuels experience lower growth rates. OECD oil demand peaked in 2005 and in 2030 is projected to be roughly back at its level in 1990. Oil, excluding bio-fuels, will grow relatively slowly at 0.6%

Energy 210

Energy Economy Global Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2012

The divergence of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude oil prices in 2011 affected refinery utilization in the United States, particularly in the East Coast (PADD 1) and Midwest (PADD 2) regions, according to a report from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

2011 199

2011 Oil Texas Oil Prices 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

Total US energy-related CO 2 emissions remain below their 2005 level through 2035. They are more than 7% below their 2005 level in 2020 and do not return to the 2005 level of 5,996 million metric tons by the end of the projection period.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2007 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2012

However, China’s carbon intensity—the amount of CO 2 emitted per unit of GDP—fell by 15% between 2005 and 2011. China made the largest contribution to the global increase, with its emissions rising by 720 million tonnes (Mt), or 9.3%, primarily due to higher coal consumption. Gt, the IEA said.

2011 230

2011 Emissions Global CO2 230

DIY Electric Car

NOVEMBER 28, 2010

There have been 5 recession since then until now and I wanted to see if Oil had anything to do with them, because deep in my heart, I knew the most recent recession was directly caused by the oil price spikes that started in 2007 and peaked in 2008. This increase in oil prices again pushed the economy into a recession.

USA 180

USA Oil Prices Oil 2001 180

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

After 2017, the Brent spot oil price increases, reaching $141/bbl in 2040 due to growing demand that requires the development of more costly resources. Total US energy-related CO 2 emissions remain below their 2005 level (6 billion metric tons) through 2040 , when they reach 5.6 billion metric tons.

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

Two key drivers of EV adoption include climate concerns and oil prices. In 2005, the country had the tenth-highest level of CO 2 emissions, as well as the highest CO 2 emissions growth rate. For example, South Korea faces worsening environmental issues.

Asia 236

Asia 2015 China Market 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

The LCFS violates the Supremacy clause, according to the complaint, because it conflicts with the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct 2005), Pub. It will protect us from volatile oil prices and provide consumers with cleaner fuels and provide the nation with greater energy security. 109-58, 119 Stat. 110-140, 121 Stat.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in the Low Oil Price case to 13.1

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

billion in 2005. Yet the OECD projects that forest areas will decline globally by 13% from 2005 to 2030, mostly in South Asia and Africa. High oil prices continue to affect consumer behavior, and concerns about climate change and reliance on oil are likely to increasingly shape policy.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2016

BP has sanctioned the $9-billion Mad Dog Phase 2 project in the United States, despite the current low oil price environment. Today, the leaner $9-billion project, which also includes capacity for water injection, is projected to be profitable at or below current oil prices.

Mexico 150

Mexico Chevron Oil Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

Lifecycle GHG emissions of CTL/CBTL/BTL compared to 2005 petroleum diesel baseline. Background colors of the cells represent the crude oil price required for economic feasibility. Tarka et al. 2009) Click to enlarge.

Carbon 186

Carbon Diesel Fuel Coal 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

For example, Worldwatch notes, well-to-wheels greenhouse gas emissions from oil sands in Alberta, Canada, are estimated to be 5-15% higher than emissions from conventional oil reservoirs. Nonetheless, high oil prices pushed production from the Canadian oil sands to 1.2 Mbpd in 2005. in 2008 to reach 7.6

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Production Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

In addition to high oil prices and the financial crisis, the increased use of new renewable energy sources, such as biofuels for road transport and wind energy for electricity generation, had a noticeable and mitigating impact on CO 2 emissions. Global CO 2 emissions from fuel use and cement production by region. Source: PBL.

2008 170

2008 Oil Renewable Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

Assuming no changes in policy related to greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide emissions grow slowly, but do not again reach 2005 levels until 2027. After falling 3% in 2008 and nearly 7% in 2009, largely driven by the economic downturn, energy-related CO 2 emissions do not return to 2005 levels (5,980 million metric tons) until 2027.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2015

A stronger correlation between fuel efficiency and profitability was observed in 2014 than in 2013, despite a sharp fall in oil prices in the latter half of the year. Commercial aircraft accounted for 11% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the US transportation sector in 2013.

Alaska 150

Alaska Fuel 2014 2013 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

Following enactment of provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 that were interpreted as reducing or eliminating legal defenses available to MTBE blenders, its use was soon phased out in the United States. MTG units involve high capital costs and are only cost-competitive when oil prices are high.

2000 150

2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In 2005, Congress enacted the Renewable Fuel Standard as part of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) and amended it in the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA).

Renewable 252

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2017

billion barrels of conventional oil were discovered, roughly 45 days of global crude consumption or 0.2 Russia’s exploration activities, which were hit not only by plummeting oil prices but also by a targeted sanctions regime, suffered a double blow during this period. In 2016, only 3.7 percent of global proved reserves.

Russia 150

Russia Oil 2016 Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2012

The EU has also made a commitment to reduce emissions in sectors outside the EU ETS, including transportation, by 10% on year-2005 levels by 2020. As deeper cuts are likely to be made in other sectors, this requires a cut of at least 60% in transportation GHG emissions, most notably CO 2 , by midcentury.

Transportation 199

Transportation Europe Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

Among the key findings of the study were: Maintaining the existing vehicle efficiency and fuels regulations to 2030 will lower tank-to-wheel GHG emissions from road transport to 647 Mt representing a 29% reduction compared to 2005 levels, achieving almost aspired level for 2030.

Emissions 150

Emissions Transportation Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

Very broadly, they found that an LCFS would buffer the economy against global oil price spikes, trim demand for petroleum, and lessen upward pressure on gas prices. gCO 2 e/MJ for diesel over the period 2005–2035. The CIs of gasoline and diesel are expected to increase from 93.1 gCO 2 e/MJ for gasoline and from 92.0

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247

Green Cars News

OCTOBER 15, 2009

Demand for oil in developed countries—currently 54 percent of all oil demand—has passed its peak, the latest research suggests. Industry analysts reckon oil demand in developed countries likely reached its all-time peak in 2005. million bpd of demand lost over the course of 2005 to 2009.

Oil 36

Oil 2005 Alternative Fuels Transportation 36

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2015

For 2005, most of the fresh-surface-water withdrawals—about 41%—were used in the thermo-electric power industry to cool electricity-generating equipment. Stanley Weiner: Oilfield water use represents much less than people think: It’s only about 3% of total fresh water consumed.

Water 150

Water Oil Texas Gas 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil. by Brian J.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2011

Published research and geological studies during 1955–1979 identified bitumen and oil shale phenomena in different areas in the country. A more vigorous investigation on oil shale began in 1980, but was stopped in 1985 due to the decrease in oil prices. In 2005, Syria reactivated the effort.

Syria 278

Syria Oil Jordan Egypt 278

Revenge of the Electric Car

JANUARY 21, 2009

A: I’m much more hopeful today than I was in 2005, simply because the car companies have painted themselves into a corner. Q: When gas prices went up, people started driving less, and interest in EVs soared. But now, gas prices have fallen below $2 in some places. People are demanding electric cars and plug-in hybrids.

EV1 100

EV1 Los Angeles Hydrogen Gas-Electric 100

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 16, 2009

2) Chevy Volt (2) China (2) ECOD3.SA SA (2) FDX (2) FSLR (2) FedEx (2) First Solar (2) Ford (2) Ford Escape Hybrid (2) Ford Fusion Hybrid (2) GE (2) Global Solar (2) Government (2) HEV (2) Honda FCX Clarity (2) IBM (2) ITM.l (2) 2) Inconvenient Truth (2) JCI (2) MGA (2) NSANY (2) PGE (2) SB1.DE SZ (1) 6753.T

Grid 28

Grid Electric Vehicles Vehicles Oil-Sands 28