Carbon, Fuel Economy, Gasoline and Study

Coltura: Federal & state EV policy & incentives must target gasoline superusers to achieve carbon emissions goals

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2021

Advocacy group Coltura has published a report that finds converting the biggest users of gasoline to EVs in the next ten years is critical to reaching climate goals and that present EV policies are poorly suited to accomplishing that conversion. Among the findings of the report: Drivers are highly unequal in their gasoline consumption.

Gasoline

Gasoline St. Louis Emissions Carbon

UGA study finds black carbon aerosols from GDI engines will worsen public health, climate; need for GPFs

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2020

The gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine is one of the most prominent technologies car manufacturers adopted to achieve the fuel economy and carbon dioxide emission goals established in 2012 by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The market share of GDI-equipped vehicles increased from 2.3% —Neyestani et al.

Climate

Climate Carbon Engine Fuel Economy

PNNL team develops onboard fuel separation technology to enable octane-on-demand for improved fuel economy

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2020

Researchers at the US Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have developed an onboard separation system that could support increased fuel economy and lower greenhouse gas emissions as part of an octane-on-demand fuel-delivery system. That’s where PNNL’s onboard separation technology comes in.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Gasoline

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

U-M researchers challenge USPS EV environmental study

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2022

A new University of Michigan study finds that making the switch to all-electric mail-delivery vehicles would lead to far greater reductions in greenhouse gas emissions than previously estimated by the US Postal Service (USPS). million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents when compared to the ICEV scenario. Earlier post.).

District of Columbia

District of Columbia Fleet Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

MIT study finds fuel economy standards are 6-14 times less cost effective than fuel tax for reducing gasoline use

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 21, 2013

In a study published in the journal Energy Economics , MIT researchers have found that a fuel economy standard is at least six to fourteen times less cost effective than a fuel tax when targeting an identical reduction in cumulative gasoline use (20% by 2050). —Karplus et al.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy MIT Fuel Tax Economy

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Yang et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy

Responsible Battery Coalition and U Michigan launch study to compare electric and gas vehicle lifetime costs

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2022

For example, we will account for regional differences in the total cost of ownership related to charging installation costs, electricity and gasoline costs, temperature effects on fuel economy, and insurance as well as federal and state EV incentives and policies. Projections of future gasoline and electricity prices.

Michigan

Michigan Gas-Electric Gas Batteries

UMD collaborative study finds that fuel efficiency of one car in household may be cancelled out by next car purchase

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2021

In a recent collaborative study led by the University of Maryland (UMD), researchers found that consumers tend to buy something less fuel efficient than they normally would for their second car after buying an eco-friendly vehicle. The data revealed multiple trends that correlate with a decrease in overall fuel economy and efficiency.

Purchase

Purchase Fuel Economy Fuel Cash For Clunkers

U Mich, Ford lifecycle study of carbon footprint of last-mile and final-50-feet delivery with automated vehicles and robots

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2021

In each scenario, they calculated the greenhouse gas emissions, or the carbon footprint, for each package delivered. Fuel economy and delivery density are key parameters, and electrification of the vehicle and carbon intensity of the electricity have a large impact. red symbols) for the US average cases and Edwards et al.

Miles

Miles Carbon Ford Vehicles

U Chicago study proposes market-based approach to fuel economy standards to deal with impacts of fuel price volatility

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2017

Volatile gasoline prices have caused some regulators and carmakers alike to question the cost and effectiveness of current fuel economy standards, with some arguing they are too stringent and others saying they should be even stronger. —Ryan Kellogg, summarizing his research.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Chicago Economy Standards

Kawasaki, Subaru, Toyota, Mazda, and Yamaha partner on producing, transporting, and using carbon-neutral fuels, including hydrogen

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2021

jointly announced that, toward the achievement of carbon neutrality, they will take on the challenge of expanding fuel options through the use of internal combustion engines at the (three-hour) Super Taikyu Race in Okayama on 13-14 November. Participating in races using carbon-neutral fuels.

Mazda

Mazda Hydrogen Toyota Transportation

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Hyundai Motor Group, Aramco and KAUST collaborate on new e-fuel for novel combustion system

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2022

Hyundai Motor Group will collaborate with the Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Aramco) and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) jointly to research and develop an advanced fuel for an ultra lean-burn, spark-ignition engine that aims to lower the overall carbon dioxide emissions of a vehicle.

Hyundai

Hyundai Motoring Motors Motor

Greyrock, NREL study determines reduction in GHG and criteria pollutant emissions from using synthetic fuels produced from flare gas

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2018

A “well-to-wheel” life cycle assessment (LCA) by a team from synthetic fuels producer Greyrock ( earlier post ), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has determined the potential reduction of greenhouse gases and criteria pollutant emissions from the use of synthetic fuels directly converted from flare gas. 0.37, 42.4,

Pollution

Pollution Gas Emissions Fuel

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The project aims to deliver full hybrid equivalent fuel economy and performance with less than 70 g/km CO 2 emissions as measured over the European Drive Cycle, but at a significantly lower cost. version of its vehicle (a 2009 Ford Focus) but with fuel economy and CO 2 emissions approaching those of a Prius.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline

Environment Canada/MECA team assesses black carbon emissions in GDI engine exhaust; evaluation of prototype gasoline particulate filter

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Although gasoline direct injection engines (GDI) are a favorable technology for reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, recent studies have shown that GDI vehicles could emit more PM than traditional PFI (gasoline port fuel injection) vehicles as well as heavy-duty diesel trucks equipped with diesel particulate filters.

Environment

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada

MIT study finds significant economic and environmental benefits from designing US LDVs to use higher octane gasoline (98 RON)

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In a companion study to an SAE paper presented in April ( earlier post ), researchers at MIT have quantified the net economic and CO 2 emissions benefit that could be obtained by utilizing 98 RON gasoline in light-duty vehicles, based on reasonable assumptions for possible refinery changes and the evolution of the LDV fleet.

Gasoline

Gasoline MIT Design Emissions

Study urges tougher target for California LCFS; up to 26% by 2030 under high performance scenario

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

California can reduce carbon emissions by more than 70 million metric tons by 2030—akin to taking 15 million gasoline-powered cars off the road in one year—by adopting a higher target for its Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), according to an analysis released by the UK-based research firm Cerulogy.

California

California Carbon Clean Cleaning

Study Finds Both Unemployment Rate and Fuel Price Influence Buyers Decisions on Fuel Economy of Vehicles Purchased

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2009

From October 2007 to April 2009, the average fuel economy of purchased new light-duty vehicles improved from 20.2 Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle also found that while there was a significant negative relationship between the unemployment rate and the number of vehicles purchased, the price of gasoline did not have a major impact.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Purchase Economy Fuel

ORNL team using neutron imaging to study soot and ash collection and removal in particulate filters

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2018

A team of researchers from the Energy and Transportation Science Division at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory is studying soot and ash collection and removal in particulate filters with neutron imaging, a technique sensitive enough to detect fine layers of material. —Todd Toops, ORNL.

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Fuel Economy 2007

U Toronto team assess the climate trade-off between reduced CO2 and increased Black Carbon from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

The upside of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is widely seen as being improved fuel economy coupled with an increase in specific power (especially with turbocharging), enabling significant downsizing. A new study by a team at the University of Toronto has made a preliminary assessment of the climate trade-off (i.e.,

Climate

Climate Engine Carbon Fuel Economy

Study Concludes That Improving Truck Fuel Economy Would Create More Than 120K New US Jobs by 2030

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

Strengthening the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty trucks could create as many as 124,000 jobs in the US by 2030, with all 50 states experiencing net job growth, according to a new report by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) and CALSTART. per gallon fuel price. per gallon fuel price. per gallon.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Gasoline-Electric

Argonne releases new cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of US LDV vehicle-fuel pathways

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2022

The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a variety of vehicle-fuel pathways; the levelized cost of driving (LCD); and the cost of avoided GHG emissions. Selected fuel pathways were constrained to those deemed to be nationally scalable in the future. vehicle subsidies).

Fuel

Fuel Vehicles PHEV Carbon

Gov’t, industry, national labs collaborate on comprehensive cradle-to-grave LCA study and economic assessment of LDV GHG reductions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2018

The ranges of the levelized cost of driving (LCD) and cost of avoided carbon are narrower for the future technology pathways, reflecting the expected economic competitiveness of these alternative vehicles and fuels. Fuels or energy carriers in the study included gasoline, ethanol, diesel, CNG, LPG, hydrogen, and electricity.

Industrial

Industrial Industry Gasoline-Electric PHEV

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Regulated emissions for all test fuels over the cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. The study found that higher ethanol blends—i.e., A fuel economy penalty was also observed for lower energy content E30 and E78 blends compared to both E10 fuels.

Pollution

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A study of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles in an urban near-road environment in Toronto over a wide range of weather conditions (February 2014 to January 2015) found that—other than for NO x and CO—the GDI engines had elevated emissions compared to the Toronto fleet.

Environment

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014

Study concludes 20% synthetic diesel blend could reduce PM emissions in Beijing by ~19%

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2017

PM emissions from current vehicles in Beijing could be reduced by approximately 19% by simply blending 20% synthetic diesel with currently available diesel, according to a new study by Tsinghua University, the Desert Research Institute in Nevada and Greyrock Energy, a developer of gas-to-liquids technology.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Gas Sacramento

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses. However, residential uses and exports of natural gas were not considered in those comparisons.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2016

The goal of this paper is to assess the resulting CO 2 emissions, energy, and economic impacts of the EU CO 2 mandates, and compare them to an alternative scenario where vehicle emissions are part of an emission trading system designed to meet Europe’s announced economy-wide targets. —Sergey Paltsev.

Standards

Standards Emissions CO2 Europe

Sandia study finds the alcohol isopentanol appears to have a good potential as a HCCI fuel, either neat or in a blend with gasoline

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 26, 2010

A study of isopentanol—a five-carbon, long-chain alcohol (C 5 H 12 O)—by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories as a fuel for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines found that isopentanol has superior physiochemical properties compared to ethanol and very similar HCCI combustion properties to gasoline.

Gasoline

Gasoline Fuel San Diego Engine

Study Concludes Cash for Clunkers Program Is an Expensive Way to Reduce Carbon; Paying Nearly 10x the Projected Price of Carbon Credits

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2009

program is paying nearly 10 times the projected price of carbon credits per ton in the best-case scenario, according to an analysis of the implied cost of carbon dioxide reductions under the program by UC Davis transportation economist Christopher Knittel. A gallon of gasoline creates roughly 20 pounds of carbon dioxide when combusted.

Cash For Clunkers

Cash For Clunkers Carbon Davis Stimulus

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team from Ford Motor Company and AVL has concluded that a mid-level ethanol blend—greater than E20 but less than E40—appears to be attractive as a long-term future fuel for the US for use in engines optimized for the higher octane blend. These include: Lower energy content than that of gasoline.

Engine

Engine Fuel Ford Future

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

A new study finds that as much as 20–30% of the number of vehicle engine exhaust particles larger than 3 nm may be formed during engine braking conditions—i.e., during decelerations and downhill driving while the engine is not fueled. With direct injection engines, the fuel consumption during engine braking is zero.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece

Third Phase of SDGE In-Use Study Shows PHEVs Excel on Fuel Economy and GHG Emissions Reductions Compared to Gasoline ICE and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2009

The third phase of a SDG&E multi-year in-use study on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles showed that plug-in hybrids offer significant improvements in gas mileage and reductions in emissions when compared with standard hybrid-electric and gasoline internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. One of SDG&E’s converted PHEVs.

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric San Diego Gasoline PHEV

Congressional Budget Office estimates US federal policies promoting EVs and other fuel-efficient vehicles will cost $7.5B through 2019; little or no impact on gasoline use and GHG in the short term

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2012

Tax credits and gasoline prices necessary for various electric vehicles to be cost-competitive with conventional vehicles at 2011 vehicle prices. The electric vehicles that are the focus of this study fall into two broad classes: plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery-electric vehicles. Source: CBO. Click to enlarge.

Tax Credit

Tax Credit Gasoline Tax Gasoline-Electric

ICCT study concludes no technical barriers to use of higher blends of ethanol

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

Broadly, the study by Stephanie Searle, Francisco Posada Sanchez, Chris Malins, and John German concludes that (a) technical barriers do not prevent the use of higher blends of ethanol, and (b) slow uptake of blends such as E15 and E85 is due to other factors, including high cost, legal and warranty issues, and consumer awareness and acceptance.

Gasoline

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel

NRC Canada team investigates effect of gasoline particulate filter on PM from light-duty GDI engine

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

A team led by researchers from the National Research Council Canada has investigated the effect of the use of a gasoline particulate filter on the size and morphology of PM emitted from a light-duty gasoline-direct-injection (GDI) vehicle over the FTP-75 and US06 transient drive cycles. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.) Resources.

Gasoline

Gasoline Canada Light Engine

CMU study finds that coal retirement is needed for EVs to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2016

Electric vehicles charged in coal-heavy regions can create more human health and environmental damages from life cycle air emissions than gasoline vehicles, according to a new consequential life cycle analysis by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University.

Coal

Coal Pollution Grid Gasoline-Electric

US DRIVE releases comprehensive cradle-to-grave analysis of light-duty vehicle GHGs, cost of driving and cost of avoided GHGs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2016

The US DRIVE Cradle-to-Grave Working Group has published the “Cradle-to-Grave Lifecycle Analysis of US Light-Duty Vehicle-Fuel Pathways: A Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Economic Assessment of Current (2015) and Future (2025–2030) Technologies” Argonne National Lab Report. and to simulate fuel economy over various driving cycles.

Cost Of

Cost Of Light Fuel Economy Vehicles

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. A large number of new studies have recently been published suggesting that emission levels from test stands have to be adjusted upwards. We record 36,000 data points per hour.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Berkeley Lab study finds hybrids more fuel efficient in India, China than in US

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

Improvement in fuel consumption in India of a hybrid vehicle over a conventional vehicle. The studies are believed to be the first of their kind. Hybrid and electric vehicles can significantly reduce carbon emissions and other pollutants. China study. fuel savings in China versus 13.2% fuel savings in the US.

India

India China Hybrid Fuel

Study Finds That Clean Cars and Climate Policy Can Create Jobs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2010

The study offers two main insights on the nature of clean energy jobs in the automobile sector: First, the paper documents that saving oil will directly create good jobs by driving demand for specific additional manufactured components. It will also include entirely new systems like hybrid drive trains and advanced diesel engines.

Clean

Clean Cleaning Climate Fuel Economy

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2012

Technology warming potential (TWP) for three sets of natural gas fuel-switching scenarios. (A) A) CNG light-duty cars vs. gasoline cars; (B) CNG heavy-duty vehicles vs. diesel vehicles; and (C) combined-cycle natural gas plants vs. supercritical coal plants using low-CH 4 coal. Source: Alvarez et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Gas Coal

Coltura: Federal & state EV policy & incentives must target gasoline superusers to achieve carbon emissions goals

UGA study finds black carbon aerosols from GDI engines will worsen public health, climate; need for GPFs

PNNL team develops onboard fuel separation technology to enable octane-on-demand for improved fuel economy

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

U-M researchers challenge USPS EV environmental study

MIT study finds fuel economy standards are 6-14 times less cost effective than fuel tax for reducing gasoline use

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Responsible Battery Coalition and U Michigan launch study to compare electric and gas vehicle lifetime costs

UMD collaborative study finds that fuel efficiency of one car in household may be cancelled out by next car purchase

U Mich, Ford lifecycle study of carbon footprint of last-mile and final-50-feet delivery with automated vehicles and robots

U Chicago study proposes market-based approach to fuel economy standards to deal with impacts of fuel price volatility

Kawasaki, Subaru, Toyota, Mazda, and Yamaha partner on producing, transporting, and using carbon-neutral fuels, including hydrogen

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Hyundai Motor Group, Aramco and KAUST collaborate on new e-fuel for novel combustion system

Greyrock, NREL study determines reduction in GHG and criteria pollutant emissions from using synthetic fuels produced from flare gas

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

Environment Canada/MECA team assesses black carbon emissions in GDI engine exhaust; evaluation of prototype gasoline particulate filter

MIT study finds significant economic and environmental benefits from designing US LDVs to use higher octane gasoline (98 RON)

Study urges tougher target for California LCFS; up to 26% by 2030 under high performance scenario

Study Finds Both Unemployment Rate and Fuel Price Influence Buyers Decisions on Fuel Economy of Vehicles Purchased

ORNL team using neutron imaging to study soot and ash collection and removal in particulate filters

U Toronto team assess the climate trade-off between reduced CO2 and increased Black Carbon from GDI engines

Study Concludes That Improving Truck Fuel Economy Would Create More Than 120K New US Jobs by 2030

Argonne releases new cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of US LDV vehicle-fuel pathways

Gov’t, industry, national labs collaborate on comprehensive cradle-to-grave LCA study and economic assessment of LDV GHG reductions

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Study concludes 20% synthetic diesel blend could reduce PM emissions in Beijing by ~19%

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Sandia study finds the alcohol isopentanol appears to have a good potential as a HCCI fuel, either neat or in a blend with gasoline

Study Concludes Cash for Clunkers Program Is an Expensive Way to Reduce Carbon; Paying Nearly 10x the Projected Price of Carbon Credits

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Third Phase of SDGE In-Use Study Shows PHEVs Excel on Fuel Economy and GHG Emissions Reductions Compared to Gasoline ICE and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles

Congressional Budget Office estimates US federal policies promoting EVs and other fuel-efficient vehicles will cost $7.5B through 2019; little or no impact on gasoline use and GHG in the short term

ICCT study concludes no technical barriers to use of higher blends of ethanol

NRC Canada team investigates effect of gasoline particulate filter on PM from light-duty GDI engine

CMU study finds that coal retirement is needed for EVs to reduce air pollution

US DRIVE releases comprehensive cradle-to-grave analysis of light-duty vehicle GHGs, cost of driving and cost of avoided GHGs

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Berkeley Lab study finds hybrids more fuel efficient in India, China than in US

Study Finds That Clean Cars and Climate Policy Can Create Jobs

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

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