Carbon, Emissions, Exhaust and Universal

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

Cars That Think

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Although the pollutant emissions of a diesel engine are less than those of a gasoline one, it still emits carcinogens, nitrous oxides, and soot. Older models don’t even have the emission-control features that newer ones do. To reduce emissions, diesel vehicles use filters that catch exhaust particles and other contaminants.

Carbon

Carbon Diesel Emissions Bangladesh

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Researchers capture first images of CO2 emissions from commercial aircraft engine using chemical species tomography

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2022

Researchers have used a novel near-infrared light imaging technique to capture the first cross-sectional images of carbon dioxide in the exhaust plume of a commercial jet engine. Image Credit: Gordon Humphries, University of Strathclyde. Image Credit: Abhishek Upadhyay, University of Strathclyde. —Michael Lengden.

Commercial

Commercial Engine Emissions CO2

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2019

Long-term residential exposure to locally emitted black carbon (BC) from traffic exhaust increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and other universities in Sweden. g/m 3 ) of black carbon from traffic exhaust, the risk of stroke increased by 4%.

Exhaust

Exhaust Carbon Pollution Universal

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2021

“Blue” hydrogen—produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas or coal gasification, but with CO 2 capture and storage—is being described as having low or zero carbon emissions. Our analysis assumes that captured carbon dioxide can be stored indefinitely, an optimistic and unproven assumption.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Gas Coal Exhaust

Researchers use melamine to create effective, low-cost carbon capture; potential tailpipe application

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2022

Using an inexpensive polymer called melamine, researchers from UC Berkeley, Texas A&M and Stanford have created a cheap, easy and energy-efficient way to capture carbon dioxide from smokestacks. A new method for removing CO 2 from flue gases involves piping the emissions through a porous material based on the chemical melamine (center).

Low Cost

Low Cost Carbon Texas Cheap

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

CAT-DEF—Catalyzed Diesel Exhaust Fluid—is an SwRI-developed catalyst- and surfactant-modified diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) solution. The internally funded advancement successfully reduced heavy-duty diesel engine nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions to meet the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 2027 standards.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2023

A study by researchers at the University of Birmingham in the UK has found that while Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOCs) and Diesel Particle Filters (DPFs) has been very effective in controlling the tailpipe emissions of solid particles, there has been little change in the liquid mode ( 104 cm −3 /24-hour mean) defined by WHO.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel London Environment

DOE announces $11.5M in Phase 1 funding for carbon capture and storage program; ARPA-E FLECCS

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2020

million in funding for 12 projects as part of Phase 1 of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy’s (ARPA-E’s) FLExible Carbon Capture and Storage (FLECCS) program. Enhancing Responsiveness of Gas Turbine Generators through Retrofitting with Exhaust Gas Recycle and a Phase-Change CO 2 Capture Process - $1,178,453.

Carbon

Carbon Gas-Electric Grid Gas

Bath University and SAIC Motor team up to investigate gasoline particulate filter performance

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2018

The University of Bath and SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre are collaborating on a project to identify the most efficient conditions for the optimum performance of gasoline particulate filters (GPFs), to help minimize vehicle impact on the environment.

Universal

Universal Gasoline Motor Motors

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. Non-exhaust PM factors include tire wear, brake wear, road surface wear and resuspension of road dust. earlier post ). Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

Monash study on solar-driven electrolysis for green hydrogen production cautions on life-cycle emissions and EROI

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2021

Researchers at Monash University in Australia have conducted a lifecycle analysis and net energy analysis (LCA/NEA) of a hypothetical large-scale solar-electrolysis plant for the production of green hydrogen. There is no immediate concern for copper resources, but the average ore grade is declining as higher grade deposits become exhausted.

Solar

Solar Hydrogen Emissions Production

SJTU team investigating ammonia HCCI combustion in free piston engine

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 13, 2023

Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University are investigating ammonia-fueled HCCI combustion in a free piston engine. Ammonia is a promising carbon–neutral fuel, able to power heavy-duty vehicles, non-road machineries and ocean ships with zero CO 2 emission. They then applied various asymmetric piston trajectories in the model.

Engine

Engine Exhaust Emissions Fuel

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece

Rice University study of lung cells suggests anthropogenic carbon nanotubes are common pollutants

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2015

Rice University scientists, working with colleagues in France, have detected the presence of anthropogenic carbon nanotubes (CBTs) in cells extracted from the airways of Parisian children under routine treatment for asthma. Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles (a) in vehicle exhaust and (b) inside a lung cell vacuole.

Universal

Universal Carbon Pollution El Paso

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 3, 2021

The US Department of Energy (DOE) announced $35 million in funding for twelve projects focused on developing technologies to reduce methane emissions in the oil, gas, and coal industries. This would simultaneously reduce methane emissions and improve engine efficiency. Natural Gas Engines. Selection amount: $3,257,089).

Gas

Gas Emissions Engine Coal

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2017

A chemical engineer from the University of Houston is leading a $2.1-million million project to find new catalytic materials that work at lower exhaust temperatures, allowing automakers to build vehicles that operate more efficiently while retaining the ability to clean emissions before they leave the tailpipe.

Houston

Houston Exhaust Engine Chrysler

ARPA-E awarding $39M to 16 projects to grow the domestic critical minerals supply chain

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2022

The selected projects, led by universities, national laboratories, and the private sector aim to develop commercially scalable technologies that will enable greater domestic supplies of copper, nickel, lithium, cobalt, rare earth elements, and other critical elements. Columbia University. Earlier post.)The

Supplies

Supplies Ni-Li Carbon Universal

Two-year study in Canada finds large trucks disproportionately contribute to higher levels of black carbon pollution

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2018

A two-year study led by researchers at the University of Toronto has found large trucks to be the greatest contributors to black carbon emissions close to major roadways. The difference between emission levels across the sites was more correlated with the number of large trucks on the road rather than number of cars.

Pollution

Pollution Canada Carbon Climate Change

ClearFlame Engine Technologies secures $17M in Series A financing

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2021

The company’s engine technology enables low-carbon, renewable fuels such as ethanol to be integrated easily into existing diesel engine platforms, offering a lower-emission, lower-cost solution than diesel fuel. ClearFlame uses soot-free “Clear” Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to maintain this ratio under varying load conditions.

Financing

Financing Engine Iowa Diesel

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough. McGilvery, Sheng Hu, Milo SP. Shaffer, Sara J.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Guinea

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. An improved version of the device eliminated 93% of particulate matter emissions.

Exhaust

Exhaust EPA Design Pollution

New process uses localized surface plasmons for room-temperature conversion of CO2 to CO

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2020

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and their colleagues have demonstrated a room-temperature method that could significantly reduce carbon dioxide levels in fossil-fuel power plant exhaust, one of the main sources of carbon emissions in the atmosphere.

Conversion

Conversion CO2 Carbon Exhaust

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2011

A European study lead by scientists at the University of Edinburgh (UK) has found that the combustion-derived ultrafine particles from diesel fuel are the predominant mediators of the adverse effects—harming blood vessels and increasing the chances of blood clots forming in arteries, leading to a heart attack or stroke.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Emissions

ETI, Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey & Caterpillar launch £4.5M project to improve effectiveness of SCR aftertreatment systems for heavy-duty vehicles

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2013

The UK public-private partnership Energy Technologies Institute (ETI), Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey and Caterpillar have launched a new £4.5-million The project aims to help HDV fuel efficiency by developing a more efficient exhaust aftertreatment system. —Loughborough University Professor Graham Hargrave.

Universal

Universal Exhaust Mariner Vehicles

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Top: Gravimetric PM mass, PM mass calculated based on the IPSD method, black carbon, and EC/OC emissions over the LA92 cycle. Bottom: Total particle-phase PAH emissions, expressed in ng/mile, for both test vehicles over the LA92 cycle. Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy

Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2017

A team at the University of Birmingham reports that a blend of 33% v/v of butanol in EN228 commercial gasoline containing 5% of ethanol (B33) reduces GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine-out carbonaceous emissions, while maintaining similar levels of NO x emissions when compared to standard gasoline combustion at low and medium engine loads.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine B0

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The vehicle test matrix had provisions for five vehicles on each emissions standards category (i.e.,

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

New FOX method estimates black carbon emissions from civil aviation ~2.7 times higher than standard estimates

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2013

Using an alternative approach to determine the amount of black carbon (BC) emissions from civil aviation, researchers from the University of Cambridge, MIT, and Forschungszentrum Jülich have estimated that in 2005, total BC emissions from this sector were 16.9 near the ground).

Emissions

Emissions Standards Carbon Exhaust

New mixed-oxide catalysts shown as viable substitute for platinum catalysts for diesel exhaust aftertreatment

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Nanostellar was founded in California in 2004 by scientists from Stanford University and NASA Ames Research Center. Wang et al., Click to enlarge.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Dallas Conversion

PowerDriver simulations predict thermoelectric exhaust waste heat recovery output of 300W, -2.5% in fuel consumption; prototyping begins

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2013

The European Union-funded PowerDriver project—a two-year, €3-million (US$4-million) research project initiated in February 2012 to turn exhaust gas waste heat into electricity using thermoelectric generator (TGEN) technology—has completed simulation work on on a potential automotive application.

Exhaust

Exhaust Waste Land Rover Fuel

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2022

—James Turner, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The only criteria emission of concern is NO x. OP engines utilize direct injection after ports closure to avoid the risk of fuel short circuiting out the exhaust. Fuel Injection.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Engine Saudi Arabia Universal

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. Earlier post.) Earlier post.)

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A study of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles in an urban near-road environment in Toronto over a wide range of weather conditions (February 2014 to January 2015) found that—other than for NO x and CO—the GDI engines had elevated emissions compared to the Toronto fleet. m from the roadway.

Environment

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014

Universities of Birmingham and Warwick launch new fuels lab

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2011

The UK Universities of Birmingham and Warwick launched a new lab to support investigations into the dynamic aspects of combustion of alternative fuels, as well as gasoline and diesel, with the aim of reducing harmful vehicle exhaust emissions, particularly greenhouse gasses.

Universal

Universal Fuel Land Rover Alternative Fuels

Altalto waste-to-jet fuel plant advances in UK; BA, Shell, Velocys

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2019

The technology, built by Velocys, will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 70% for every tonne of sustainable jet fuel that replaces a tonne of conventional fossil fuel—equivalent to taking up to 40,000 cars per year off the road. University College of London students were crowned as the winners of its BA 2119: Future of Fuels challenge.

Waste

Waste Fuel Alternative Fuels 2005

Advanced ADEPT 48V affordable mild hybrid on path to meet future ultra-low vehicle emissions

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2016

The ADEPT project is led by Ricardo in a research partnership including the Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (ALABC); Controlled Power Technologies (CPT); Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies UK Ltd; Ford Motor Company and the University of Nottingham. ADEPT powertrain architecture.

Emissions

Emissions Hybrid Affordable Future

Study suggests high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2016

A study by researchers from the University of Denver and the University of Puget Sound indicates that high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected based on their actual numbers in the fleet. —Bishop et al. In their study, Bishop et al.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet Light Taxi

Researchers show that single Pt atoms can perform CO oxidation at low temperatures; implications for catalytic converters

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2018

Researchers from Washington State University and Tufts University have “ unambiguously ” shown for the first time that individual Pt atoms on a well-defined Cu 2 O film are able to perform CO oxidation (i.e., Carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. —Jean-Sabin McEwen.

Convert

Convert Washington Exhaust Carbon

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Researchers capture first images of CO2 emissions from commercial aircraft engine using chemical species tomography

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Researchers use melamine to create effective, low-cost carbon capture; potential tailpipe application

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

DOE announces $11.5M in Phase 1 funding for carbon capture and storage program; ARPA-E FLECCS

Bath University and SAIC Motor team up to investigate gasoline particulate filter performance

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Monash study on solar-driven electrolysis for green hydrogen production cautions on life-cycle emissions and EROI

SJTU team investigating ammonia HCCI combustion in free piston engine

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Rice University study of lung cells suggests anthropogenic carbon nanotubes are common pollutants

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

ARPA-E awarding $39M to 16 projects to grow the domestic critical minerals supply chain

Two-year study in Canada finds large trucks disproportionately contribute to higher levels of black carbon pollution

ClearFlame Engine Technologies secures $17M in Series A financing

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

New process uses localized surface plasmons for room-temperature conversion of CO2 to CO

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

ETI, Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey & Caterpillar launch £4.5M project to improve effectiveness of SCR aftertreatment systems for heavy-duty vehicles

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

New FOX method estimates black carbon emissions from civil aviation ~2.7 times higher than standard estimates

New mixed-oxide catalysts shown as viable substitute for platinum catalysts for diesel exhaust aftertreatment

PowerDriver simulations predict thermoelectric exhaust waste heat recovery output of 300W, -2.5% in fuel consumption; prototyping begins

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Universities of Birmingham and Warwick launch new fuels lab

Altalto waste-to-jet fuel plant advances in UK; BA, Shell, Velocys

Advanced ADEPT 48V affordable mild hybrid on path to meet future ultra-low vehicle emissions

Study suggests high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected

Researchers show that single Pt atoms can perform CO oxidation at low temperatures; implications for catalytic converters

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