Carbon, Comparison, Pollution and Study

Study finds all-electric rideshare fleet could reduce carbon emissions, but increase traffic issues

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2023

Major ridesourcing companies Uber and Lyft have promised all-electric fleets by 2030 in an effort to reduce their carbon footprint. Overall, electrification reduces net external costs to society by 3–11% (5–24¢ per trip), depending on the assumed social cost of carbon. —Mohan et al. Mohan et al. 2c07030

Fleet

Fleet All-Electric Carbon Emissions

Study found highly elevated PM2.5 in pre-COVID-19 subway air in NE US; NYC the worst

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2021

This figure is comparable to sooty contamination from forest fires and building demolition, the study authors said. Our findings add to evidence that subways expose millions of commuters and transit employees to air pollutants at levels known to pose serious health risks over time. g/m 3 ), followed by the MTA New York at 251 ?g/m

New York

New York Philadelphia New Jersey New York City

Study shows two-stroke scooters dominant source of air pollution in many cities; asymmetric polluters

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2014

A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al. Platt et al. Click to enlarge.

Pollution

Pollution Exhaust Emissions Light

Carnegie study finds climate impact of particulates varies greatly depending on where the pollution originated

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2018

Identical total annual emissions of sulfate and black carbon aerosol from eight major past, present, and potential future emitting regions (a) result in global-mean cooling spanning a 14x range (b, y-axis), differing substantially in the degree to which that cooling is felt in the emitting region (b, x-axis). This work is part of a larger $1.5-million

Climate

Climate Pollution San Diego India

Study finds some improved cookstoves may emit more black carbon pollution than traditional mud cookstoves

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2012

The first real-world, head-to-head comparison of improved cookstoves (ICs) and traditional mud stoves has found that some ICs may at times emit more of the black carbon particles that are linked to serious health and environmental concerns than traditional mud stoves or open-cook fires. —Kar et al.

Pollution

Pollution Carbon San Diego Los Angeles

Two new studies of road air pollution in London find detrimental effects on over-60s and unborn babies

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2017

Exposure to air pollution on city streets is enough to counter the beneficial health effects of exercise in adults over 60, according to new research led by Imperial College London and Duke University. Our research suggests that we might advise older adults to walk in green spaces, away from built-up areas and pollution from traffic.

London

London Pollution Environment Exhaust

Global Carbon Project: Global carbon emissions growth slows, but hits record high

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2019

Driven by rising natural gas and oil consumption, levels of CO 2 are expected to hit 37 billion metric tons this year, according to new estimates from the Global Carbon Project (GCP), an initiative led by Stanford University scientist Rob Jackson. and China account for more than half of all carbon dioxide emissions globally.

Carbon

Carbon Global Emissions Climate Change

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.)

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

PNNL modeling study finds climate benefit for cutting soot, methane smaller than previous estimates

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2013

Cutting the amount of short-lived, climate-warming emissions such as soot and methane won’t limit global warming as much as previous studies have suggested, according to a new study from the Joint Global Change Research Institute in College Park, Md., Carbon dioxide can remain for 1,000-plus years. —Smith and Mizrahi.

Climate

Climate Pollution Carbon Emissions

Study finds use of high cetane fuel reduces all primary pollutants under advanced diesel combustion mode

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2011

Comparison of optimized start of injection of advanced diesel combustion for brake thermal efficiency, NO x , PM, THC, and CO of diesel (open bar); HTFT (gray bar); and LTFT (black bar) fuels. In general, the cetane number of compounds with a similar number of carbon atoms follows the order of n-alkane > alkene > cycloalkane > alkyl aromatic.

Diesel

Diesel Pollution Fuel Emissions

EPIC: state-level renewable electricity mandates increase electricity prices up to 17% over 12 years; cost more expensive than benefit

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2019

A new study analyzing data from the 29 states and District of Columbia with mandatory RPS policies finds that the policies come at a high cost to consumers and are inefficient in reducing carbon emissions. The paper estimates that this increased renewable generation reduced the carbon intensity (i.e.,

Renewable

Renewable Price District of Columbia Chicago

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

previous studies have followed the general framework of life cycle assessment (LCA), they have focused almost exclusively on quantifying the energy balance and GHG emissions associated with biofuels production. —Yang et al. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of the potential reduction in emissions with the application of lower sulfur 0.5% The study found the potential for 1,500–2,000 Bering Strait transits in 2025, a three- to four-fold increase from 440 transits in 2013 (based on the medium-growth scenario). fuel for Arctic vessels assuming a low-growth scenario. Source: ICCT.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2011

The London Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS)—which charged for travel into central London and reduced traffic volume ( earlier post )—has shown little evidence that it improved air quality as well, according to Part I of a new study published by the Health Effects Institute (HEI). µg/m 3. in PM 10.

London

London Charging Pollution Diesel

Study finds 80% reduction in atmospheric CO as a result of gasoline car emissions policies

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2016

New research published today (23 May) in Scientific Reports has found a marked and progressive 80% decline in atmospheric CO (carbon monoxide) in SE England since 1997, following adoption of strict controls on gasoline vehicle emissions begin in the 1990s. The open-access study is published in the journal Scientific Reports.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions 2003 London

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Credit: Cappa et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

The 100-year global warming potentials (GWPs) for methane, CO, and NO x (per Tg N) as given in the AR4 and in this study when including no aerosol response; the direct radiative effect of aerosol responses; and the direct+indirect radiative effects of aerosol responses. Source: Shindell at al. Click to enlarge. Shindell et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. —Report to Congress on Black Carbon. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Congress

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions

Comprehensive LCA report from Ricardo on behalf of EC confirms environmental benefits of electrified powertrains

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

The findings from this vehicle LCA study , the production of which was led by Ricardo and funded by the European Commission, DG Climate Action, confirm the significant environmental benefits of electrified powertrains (particularly of battery electric vehicles) for all of the road vehicle types assessed.

Sustainable Transportation

Sustainable Transportation Fuel Renewable Climate

PNNL study finds algal oil could replace 17% of US petroleum oil imports

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

A new Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) study shows finds that oil from algae grown in outdoor raceway ponds located in the Gulf Coast, the Southeastern Seaboard and the Great Lakes could replace 17% of the United States’ imported oil for transportation. Algae also digest nitrogen and phosphorous, which are common water pollutants.

Oil

Oil Water South Carolina Climate

Berkeley Lab study finds hybrids more fuel efficient in India, China than in US

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

In a pair of studies using real-world driving conditions, scientists at the US Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) found that hybrid cars are significantly more fuel-efficient in India and China than they are in the United States due to traffic and driving conditions in those countries. China study.

India

India China Hybrid Fuel

Study suggests high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2016

A study by researchers from the University of Denver and the University of Puget Sound indicates that high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected based on their actual numbers in the fleet. In their study, Bishop et al. In their study, Bishop et al. —Bishop et al.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet Light Taxi

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

used global composition-climate modelling to examine the integrated impacts of adopting stringent European on-road vehicle-emission standards for non-CO 2 pollutants in 2015 in many developing countries. In comparison, the Northern Hemisphere has warmed by about 0.3°C Shindell et al. trillion avoided health damage and $US1.1-4.3

Climate

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change

Brazilian biofuels with LUC may have much higher non-GHG emissions than conventional gasoline and diesel

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2012

Comparisons of life-cycle emissions from LUC phase for (a) sugar cane ethanol and (b) soybean biodiesel. The pollutants are NMHC, CO, NO x , TPM, PM 2.5 The climate effects of land-use changes from increasing biofeedstock acreage, both indirect and direct, have dominated policy discussion, and focused on comparisons in long-lived GHGs.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel Brazil

Hybrids vs EVs: where should government put its money

Baua Electric

JANUARY 20, 2024

The Japanese automaker believes that hybrid automobiles should receive some legislative incentives because they emit significantly less pollution than gasoline vehicles. Bhargava, chiarman at Maruti Suzuki India, EV batteries are charged primarily using power from thermal power plants, making them more carbon-intensive than hybrids.

Hybrid

Hybrid Suzuki Tax India

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

million in Carbon Recycling International (CRI). Geely’s CRI investment and work with renewable methanol is similar to the approach Audi is taking with its own e-fuels projects—producing very low carbon liquid or gaseous fuels using only renewable energy, water and CO 2. —Li Shufu, Chairman of Geely Group. Earlier post.).

Renewable

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel

CMU study compares lifecycle GHGs of natural gas pathways for MHDVs; MD BEVs can deliver large reductions, but diesel hard to beat for Class 8

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2015

A study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers comparing life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different natural gas pathways for medium and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) found that the GHG reduction potentials of the pathways vary sharply between non-Class 8 MHDVs (e.g., Study system boundary of natural gas pathways.

Gas

Gas Diesel Gas-Electric Emissions

Study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Global Cities Highlights Importance of Geophysical and Technical Factors

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 7, 2009

An international study of 10 global cities found that a balance of geophysical factors (climate, access to resources, and gateway status) and technical factors (power generation, urban design, and waste processing) determine the greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) attributable to cities. Tonnes CO 2 e/capita. Credit: ACS, Kennedy et al.

Emissions

Emissions Global Gas Los Angeles

Scripps research ship fueled by 100% NEXBTL renewable diesel for 1 year; emissions analysis

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2016

All the while, Russell and her team used instruments installed on board to continuously measure pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), organic and black carbon aerosols, and engine performance to characterize differences between conventional and renewable fuels.

Renewable

Renewable Diesel Emissions Fuel

Researchers Find Particles From Car Brakes Harm Lung Cells

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2009

Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser and Peter Gehr from the University of Bern, Switzerland, and Michael Riediker from the Institute for Work and Health, Lausanne, Switzerland, worked with a team of researchers to study the effects of brake particles on cultured lung cells placed in a chamber close to the axle of a car.

Switzerland

Switzerland Cars Exhaust Pollution

ITF analysis finds that societal costs for electric cars and vans range from €7K to €12K more than fossil-fueled equivalents

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2012

Sample consumer and societal break-even curves for BEVs, with data points for a compact diesel for comparison. The ITF calculation ignores taxes on fuel (as from society’s point of view these are a transfer rather than a net cost); includes subsidies; and accounts for air pollution impacts. Click to enlarge.

Electric Cars

Electric Cars Fuel Range Cars

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

Panels show (a) PM 2.5 , (b) elemental carbon (EC), (c) NO x , (d) CO, (e) formaldehyde, and (f) sum of target VOCs. A new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan compared regulated and unregulated emissions from both light-duty passenger car (1.7 For the study, they used a GM 2002 1.7 Emission rates for the 1.7

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

Both reports also emphasized that although natural gas is the lowest carbon fossil fuel, it is still a fossil fuel. ” The MIT report said that natural gas should be seen as a “ bridge ” to a low-carbon regime, rather than as the ultimate long-term solution itself. Click to enlarge. MIT: The Future of Natural Gas.

MIT

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric

Researchers use Google Street View cars for high-resolution air pollution mapping

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

demonstrated a measurement approach to for urban air pollution mapping at 4–5 orders of magnitude greater spatial precision than possible with current central-site ambient monitoring. Air pollution varies very finely in space, and we can’t capture that variation with other existing measurement techniques. —Apte et al.

Google

Google Pollution Oakland Austin

Report for IPCC finds renewables could supply up to 77% of global energy by 2050 under most optimistic scenario; need for enabling public policies and investments

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2011

Ranges of global technical potentials of renewable energy sources derived from studies analyzed in SRREN report. Range in recent levelized cost of energy for selected commercially available RE technologies in comparison to recent non-renewable energy costs. Biomass and solar are shown as primary energy due to their multiple uses.

Renewable

Renewable Supplies Global Energy

Study finds modern diesel cars emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline cars

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2017

A new study by an international team led by researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Switzerland has found that modern diesel passenger cars equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline-powered vehicles. The open-access study is published in the journal Scientific Reports.

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Cars Emissions

The 80-20 Rule

Plug In Partners

JULY 18, 2008

T here are a lot of facts and misstatements about Plug-Ins that circulate these days about water consumption, pollution, the need for new power plants, and the like. Here's a piece of it: Why do PHEVs reduce greenhouse pollution ? Don’t PHEVs and BEVs just shift pollution from the tailpipe to power plants ?

EPRI

EPRI Li-ion Ni-Li PHEV

Top 180+ Electric Vehicle Project Ideas | Electrical, Mechanical, Management, AI, Environmental Engineering, etc.

Get Electric Vehicle

MAY 14, 2023

On-air updates for the best strategy selection based on the collected data from the vehicle Controllers for Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) for EVs and Detailed comparison with Induction Motor Drives (Efficiency, Range, Energy Consumption, etc.) are a few topics related to the EV controller. are a few topics related to the EV controller.

IDEA

IDEA Electric Vehicles Engine DC

ORNL team achieves diesel-like efficiency with SI engine

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2021

Comparison of the derived brake thermal efficiency of the ORNL research engine (LSE) running LPG to 2019 production Cummins ISB diesel. A major benefit of SI engines is that they allow the use of low carbon content fuels like methane and propane. The unique high stroke-to-bore engine design (1.5:1) Splitter et al. Splitter et al.

Diesel

Diesel Engine Gasoline Emissions

Penn State, U Mich team characterizes soot generated by low-temperature diesel combustion

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2016

Earlier work by members of the team (Gregory Lilik and André Boehman) had shown that high cetane number fuel with HECC leads to reductions in all primary pollutant emissions—i.e., An adverse effect of advanced diesel combustion is incomplete combustion that manifests as unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) and carbon monoxide. Earlier post.)

Diesel

Diesel Exhaust Engine Emissions

Plug-In Hybrids (or Plugin Hybrids)

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Plug-In Hybrids Are Cleaner (Even on a Coal Grid) [ to top ] This entire section is finally obsolete -- because we now have a definitive study by the Electric Power Research Institute and the Natural Resources Defense Council. But theyve needed definitive proof that PHEVs wont increase pollution. The GREET 1.6

Plug-in

Plug-in Plugin Plug Hybrid

Researchers find Nissan LEAF creates less CO2 than Toyota Prius hybrid in west US and Texas, but more in N. Midwest

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2015

the “carbon footprint” of electricity production and use), according to a new study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University. Most studies indicate that the key factor when comparing PEVs and gasoline vehicles is the magnitude of emissions associated with electricity production. Credit: ACS, Tamayao et al. Click to enlarge.

Prius

Prius Nissan Toyota Texas

Study finds all-electric rideshare fleet could reduce carbon emissions, but increase traffic issues

Study found highly elevated PM2.5 in pre-COVID-19 subway air in NE US; NYC the worst

Study shows two-stroke scooters dominant source of air pollution in many cities; asymmetric polluters

Carnegie study finds climate impact of particulates varies greatly depending on where the pollution originated

Study finds some improved cookstoves may emit more black carbon pollution than traditional mud cookstoves

Two new studies of road air pollution in London find detrimental effects on over-60s and unborn babies

Global Carbon Project: Global carbon emissions growth slows, but hits record high

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

PNNL modeling study finds climate benefit for cutting soot, methane smaller than previous estimates

Study finds use of high cetane fuel reduces all primary pollutants under advanced diesel combustion mode

EPIC: state-level renewable electricity mandates increase electricity prices up to 17% over 12 years; cost more expensive than benefit

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

Study finds 80% reduction in atmospheric CO as a result of gasoline car emissions policies

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Comprehensive LCA report from Ricardo on behalf of EC confirms environmental benefits of electrified powertrains

PNNL study finds algal oil could replace 17% of US petroleum oil imports

Berkeley Lab study finds hybrids more fuel efficient in India, China than in US

Study suggests high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Brazilian biofuels with LUC may have much higher non-GHG emissions than conventional gasoline and diesel

Hybrids vs EVs: where should government put its money

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

CMU study compares lifecycle GHGs of natural gas pathways for MHDVs; MD BEVs can deliver large reductions, but diesel hard to beat for Class 8

Study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Global Cities Highlights Importance of Geophysical and Technical Factors

Scripps research ship fueled by 100% NEXBTL renewable diesel for 1 year; emissions analysis

Researchers Find Particles From Car Brakes Harm Lung Cells

ITF analysis finds that societal costs for electric cars and vans range from €7K to €12K more than fossil-fueled equivalents

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Researchers use Google Street View cars for high-resolution air pollution mapping

Report for IPCC finds renewables could supply up to 77% of global energy by 2050 under most optimistic scenario; need for enabling public policies and investments

Study finds modern diesel cars emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline cars

The 80-20 Rule

Top 180+ Electric Vehicle Project Ideas | Electrical, Mechanical, Management, AI, Environmental Engineering, etc.

ORNL team achieves diesel-like efficiency with SI engine

Penn State, U Mich team characterizes soot generated by low-temperature diesel combustion

Plug-In Hybrids (or Plugin Hybrids)

Researchers find Nissan LEAF creates less CO2 than Toyota Prius hybrid in west US and Texas, but more in N. Midwest

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