Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2022

The United States was the largest source of LNG supply growth in 2021, adding 25 million metric tons (MMt) amid continued buildup of liquefaction capacity as well as the ramping up of output from plants turned down the previous year. Total loaded LNG supply in 2021 reached 396.3 IHS Markit’s headline 2021 LNG trade numbers.

Qatar 186

Qatar China United States Brazil 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2011

Uncertainty range of the aviation GHG emissions under the High Oil price scenario (the most optimistic for biojet adoption), given in a box plot depicting the minimum, quartile, and maximum values. They excluded soybean out of concern to the disruption on food production and effects of land-use change. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 225

Emissions Oil Prices 2005 Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2009

The focus of the work was on alternative jet fuels that could be available commercially in the next decade using primarily North American resources. Production of commercial quantities of HRJ depends on the availability of appropriate feedstocks at competitive prices. From Hileman et al. Click to enlarge. million bpd.

MIT 250

MIT Oil-Sands Commercial Available 250

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

Oil demand grew by less than 1%—the slowest rate amongst fossil fuels—while gas grew by 2.2%, and coal was the only fossil fuel with above average annual consumption growth at 5.4% The report also highlighted supply disruptions as one of the major energy events of the year. globally, and 8.4% in the emerging economies.

Coal 261

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2015

One casualty of the oil price downturn could be the megaproject. For years, as conventional oil reserves depleted and became increasingly hard to find, oil companies ventured into far-flung locales to find new sources of production. The collapse of oil prices, however, could kill off the megaproject.

Oil 150

Oil Oil-Sands Saudi Arabia Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2015

That amounts to just 2 percent of available credit lines, much lower than the 15 percent reduction expected by analysts. Kicking the can means that production may not fall as fast as expected, which will mean oil prices may not begin to stage a rally as quickly as some had hoped.

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Oil Prices Oil Russia 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2015

Russia’s central bank recently warned about the growing financial risks to the Russian economy from Saudi Arabia encroaching upon its traditional export market for crude oil. Russia sends 70 percent of its oil to Europe, but Saudi Arabia has been making inroads in the European market amid the oil price downturn.

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Oil Europe Russia 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

The differences from AEO2013 to AEO2014 result from different fuel prices, updated manufacturer product offerings, changing technology attributes, and an updated view of consumer perceptions of infrastructure availability for E85 vehicles. Delivered energy demand for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) in AEO2014 increases from 5.3

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

China is the global leader in methanol use and has recently expanded its methanol production capacity. These changes were driven by an analysis of methanol use in China and the incorporation of more detailed information on the refined product markets in China and other non-OECD countries.

2000 150

2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

Accenture has identified 12 technologies that it concludes have the potential to disrupt the current views of transport fuels supply, demand and GHG emissions over the next 10 years. Will be competitive at an oil price of $45 to $90 at their commercial date. Source: Accenture. Click to enlarge. Waste-to-fuel.

Transportation 262

Transportation Supplies Emissions Fuel 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2011

Further, improved supply prospects for natural gas are likely to lead to decoupling of oil and gas markets, according to the study. The world is nearing a paradigm shift in oil demand. The predominant role of oil in the global energy mix is facing an ever greater challenge from a number of emerging trends.

Oil 210

Oil 2010 2020 Global 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2009

Among the study’s findings is that the capex required for developing 60 billion gallons of cellulosic ethanol is equivalent to or less than that required for new long-term petroleum production. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine key parameters affecting production volumes, cost, and greenhouse gas savings. Source: Sandia.

GM 170

GM Production Conversion Oil Prices 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2011

Production capacity must be established, and technology, vehicle cost and infrastructure barriers must be addressed to achieve large-scale market introduction. This report provides a progress update toward achieving the goal: The status of vehicle sales and future production volume estimates. Production capacity. Think City EV.

2015 210

2015 Plug-in Tax Credit Plug 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2017

Oil prices faltered at the start of the second week of the year, as fears set in about a rapid rebound in US shale production. The gains in the rig count come even as oil prices have held steady in the mid- to low-$50s per barrel. In other words, OPEC is succeeding in putting upward pressure on prices.

Oil Prices 150

Oil Prices Oil Price Saudi Arabia 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2011

scenarios, and the sensitivity of the model to particular factors, the analysis reveals areas where intervention may be warranted: The capital costs associated with vehicle purchase, in relation to the costs for conventional vehicles; Supply constraints in the Australian market; and. supply constraints into the Australia market.

PHEV 210

PHEV Oil Prices Australia Price 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

Shale gas offsets declines in other US supply to meet. The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

Chevron’s focus on optimizing the thermal management of the Kern River field has resulted in a steady drop in the steam:oil ratio (barrels steam water per barrel oil), resulting in improved economics of the field even with slowly declining production. Current product flow at Kern River field. Data: California DOGGR.

Chevron 244

Chevron Oil Oil-Sands Production 244

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

The KPMG study, “Expect the Unexpected: Building Business Value in a Changing World”, explores issues such as climate change, energy and fuel volatility, water availability and cost and resource availability, as well as population growth spawning new urban centers. Source: KPMG. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2012

This is a milestone in our efforts to adapt our pioneering technology for production of electricity from waste heat for use in marine applications. The larger Opcon Powerbox ORC is powered by the vessel’s diesel cooling water and in this installation it can supply at most up to 500 kW.

Waste 300

Waste Installation Mariner Fuel 300

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil. by Brian J.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2015

Even a casual glance at the IMF’s World Economic Outlook statistics for Russia shows the tight correlation since 1992 between GDP growth on the one hand and oil and gas output, exports, and prices on the other (economic series available here ). Russia supplied about 30 percent (146.6 percent of GDP in 2014.

Russia 150

Russia Saudi Arabia Iran Iraq 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2017

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) is the predominant marine fuel. It is viscous, dirty, inexpensive and widely available. Refiners will experience significant price impacts as they shift production to deliver more lower-sulfur fuels to the market and, at the same time, find a market for the higher-sulfur fuels they produce.

Mariner 150

Mariner 2020 Fuel Oil 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2010

Canadian Oil Sands Trust, the largest stakeholder (36.74%) in the Syncrude oil sands project, announced plans to increase the synthetic crude oil production capacity at Syncrude Mildred Lake upgrader to 425,000 barrels per day by 2020 from 350,000 now. Marcel Coutu, Canadian Oil Sands’ President and CEO.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Oil 2020 Canada 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

A new study by the French institute Enerdata, commissioned by the European Federation for Transport & Environment (T&E), suggests that the European CO 2 standards for new vehicles due to come into effect in 2012 will lead not only to a European savings on oil (mainly via lower oil import volumes) but also to slightly lower global oil prices.

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2018

In addition, Barrow said, progress has also been made by the IMO in 2018 on a number of other issues relating to the new regulations, including transitional plans, verification issues, control mechanisms, and the role of port states, as well as on the reporting of fuel-oil non-availability. —Kurt Barrow.

Fuel 170

Fuel Mariner Oil 2020 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2020

The second quarter of 2020 will see the largest volume of liquids production cuts, including shut-in production, in the history of the oil industry, according to IHS Markit. The Great Shut-In, a rapid and brutal adjustment of global oil supply to a lower level of demand is underway. But there is nowhere to hide.

Oil 170

Oil 2020 Global Oil Prices 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

Technically feasible levels of energy efficiency and decarbonized energy supply alone will not be sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, according to a detailed modeling of the California economy performed by a team from Energy and Environmental Economics, the Monterey. Williams et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Emissions 262

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2010

The report, Economic Viability of Electric Vehicles , was originally published in September 2009, and has been made available online. Vehicle size was considered important because prices and availability of vehicles will vary significantly between vehicle sizes. Economic Viability of Electric Vehicles”.

Australia 199

Australia Market Plug-in Plug 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

Employment in the industries that supply key electric and electronic components to electric vehicles would increase by 112,000 jobs. Oil Imports. US crude oil and petroleum product imports would fall sharply, by 3.2 billion fewer barrels of foreign oil. Global Demand for Oil. Federal Revenues. Trade Deficit.

Grid 186

Grid 2008 Vehicles Oil 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

Compared to prior studies, the model includes a relatively comprehensive suite of available and viable forthcoming technologies, focusing on improved ICEVs and EVs, for meeting demand for energy services in all economic sectors, including the LDV portion of the transportation sector.

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2015

The report, “ Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2014 ”, concludes that biomass, hydropower, geothermal and onshore wind are all competitive with or cheaper than coal, oil and gas-fired power stations, even without financial support and despite falling oil prices. Average expected production was to be 174 MW.

Renewable 150

Renewable Parts Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2014

Liquid fuels production (OPEC crude and lease condensate, non-OPEC crude and lease condensate, and other) and consumption (by OECD and non-OECD regions) under three price cases in 2040. oil shale), and refinery gain. OPEC oil producers are the largest source of additional liquid fuel supply between 2010 and 2040.

Asia 341

Asia Transportation Oil-Sands Oil Prices 341

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2010

The paper is an examination of how various choices about the scale of the life cycle analysis applied to oil sands (i.e., system boundaries) determine the emissions estimates, the technologies available to reduce emissions, and perspectives and strategies of stakeholders.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Coal 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

The committee that wrote the report said that production of adequate volumes of biofuels are expected to meet consumption mandates for conventional biofuels and biomass-based diesel fuel. As of 2010, biofuel production was contingent on subsidies, tax credits, the import tariff, loan guarantees, RFS2, and similar policies.

Renewable 252

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Fuel 252

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 5, 2009

To date, the US biofuels industry has achieved about 30% of the target level largely through the production of conventional corn starch ethanol. Among the principal findings of the study were: Biofuels production has had mixed effects on US agriculture, but the effects of expanded production are less certain.

Tax Credit 170

Tax Credit Industrial Industry Tax 170

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2009

A crude oil price of US$100/bbl results in an approximate cost of €0.56/L Bioliq is a three-stage process, envisioning the use of distributed fast pyrolysis (FP) plants in combination with a large centralized gasification and fuel production facility. Biomass is pyrolized to a pyrolysis oil. per liter (US$2.72-5.03/gallon

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Motor Motors Motoring 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. Emissions Forecasts Fuels Oil'

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207