Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

The large decline in LDV energy consumption in AEO2014 shrinks the LDV modal share of total transportation energy consumption from 60% in 2012 to 47% in 2040. quadrillion Btu in AEO2013, and represents the largest growth among all transportation modes. Transportation energy consumption is considerably lower in AEO2014 (25.5

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Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2015

China’s apparent oil demand in December rose 5.3% China’s apparent oil demand in 2014 rose 3% from a year before to an average of 10.1 million b/d, which was higher than the 2% year-over-year growth seen in 2013. China’s apparent oil demand in 2014 rose 3% from a year before to an average of 10.1 from 2013 to 172.72

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Oil 2014 China Chinese 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2013

According to the latest status report on the progress of California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (CA-LCFS) ( earlier post ), regulated parties in the LCFS—oil producers, importers and other fuel providers—continued to exceed the required reductions in carbon intensity specified by the standard. for the first two months of 2013.

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2013 Carbon Fuel Standards 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2013

one of the world leaders in algae-based “Green Crude” oil production, and Phillips 66, an integrated energy manufacturing and logistics company, have entered a strategic joint development agreement aimed at taking production of algae crude oil a significant step toward commercialization. San Diego-based Sapphire Energy, Inc.,

Oil 199

Oil Energy San Diego Columbus 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Shell is the first major oil company to do so. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.)

Gasoline 246

Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

Now, researchers at Imperial College London have shown that bioethanol production from bamboo in China is both technically and economically feasible, as well as cost-competitive with gasoline. An open access paper on their study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels. million tons in 2008. —Littlewood et al.

Gasoline 351

Gasoline China Tax London 351

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2013

The technology also increases corn oil extraction by 13%, while saving 8% energy. A typical US ethanol plant uses around 36 million bushels (900,000 tons) of feed-grade corn per year to produce 100 million gallons of fuel ethanol, 300,000 tons of animal feed (DDGS) and 8,500 tons of corn oil. Avantec was introduced in October 2012.

Oil 186

Oil Energy Chicago Illinois 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2013

Non-tactical vehicle spending by alternative drive type, US Department of Defense: 2013-2020. compound annual growth rate (CAGR) almost from more than 81 million gasoline gallon equivalents (GGEs) in 2013 to just fewer than 70 million GGEs in 2020 due in part to increased use of alternative fuel vehicles. Click to enlarge.

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2013 2020 Alternative Fuels Vehicles 246

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2014

That study demonstrated that if EPA reduced biofuel use under the RFS, as the agency proposed in November 2013, the United States would experience an increase in greenhouse gas emissions and forego an achievable decrease in emissions. The United States is now projected to use 2 billion gallons more gasoline and 0.5

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EPA Emissions 2014 2013 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 29, 2014

The September 2014 Monthly Energy Review (MER) published on Friday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) has provided more data to support a trend in rising CO 2 in the US that began in 2013. However, in 2013, CO 2 emissions from energy consumption climbed to 5,396 MMT. Top: US Energy Flow, 2013 (quadrillion Btu).

Emissions 239

Emissions Energy Climate Change 2013 239

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2013

Topchiev Institute for Petrochemical Synthesis ( TIPS ) on marketing a new technology developed by TIPS to convert flared gases into hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline. This byproduct of oil production often is difficult to transport from remote locations. Flaring gas is a growing problem worldwide. Jean-Marie Bassett.

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Convert Gasoline Gas Commercial 230

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2011

The LCFS intends to reduce, on a full-fuel lifecycle basis, the carbon intensity (CI) of transportation fuels (measured in gCO 2 e/MJ) used in California by an average of 10% by the year 2020. High Carbon-Intensity Crude Oil (HCICO). High Carbon-Intensity Crude Oil (HCICO). Earlier post.). Reporting Requirements.

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Carbon Oil California Standards 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2015

A new study from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) and E4tech finds that the targets adopted or proposed by British Columbia, California, Oregon, and Washington to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuels can be met with a range of low-carbon fuel options. First-generation biofuels (e.g., Background.

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Carbon Fuel Available Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2014

The revised package is for corn oil biodiesel. The renewable diesel proposals both come from Diamond Green Diesel (DGD) in Louisiana, using used cooking oil (UCO) as a feedstock; the proposals differ in the mode of shipment to California: one by rail, one by ship. Charles, Louisiana in June 2013. for transport by ship.

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Diesel Renewable Taiwan Oil 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 29, 2012

As an exploration of an approach, he focused on the role of natural gas (which had received some high-level attention in the morning plenary sessions at the EIS) as well as reducing oil imports from OPEC nations (which had also received some high-level EIS attention). Hypothetically, it would take 5.9 However, it would take 3.3

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Automobile Transportation Power Powered 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands.

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Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2013

John DeCicco at the University of Michigan argues that to reduce transportation sector greenhouse gas emissions, the proper policy focus should be upstream in sectors that provide the fuel, rather than downstream on the choice of fuels in the automobile. Source: DeCicco 2013. In a new working paper, Prof. Click to enlarge. gCO 2 e/MJ).

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Fuel Supplies Transportation Climate Protection 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2015

The Air Resources Board re-adopted a Low Carbon Fuel Standard ( LCFS ), which requires a 10% reduction by 2020 in the carbon intensity of transportation fuels. The program requires that transportation fuels used in California meet a baseline target for carbon intensity which is reduced each year. Gasoline and Gasoline Substitutes.

Carbon 150

Carbon California Fuel Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Transportation sector gasoline demand declines. The US Energy Information Administration released its Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013) Reference case (the Early Release ), which highlights a growth in total US energy production that exceeds growth in total US energy consumption through 2040. Click to enlarge.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 7, 2013

Within his talk about the need for a US energy policy at the IHS CERAWeek 2013 energy conference in Houston, GM Chairman and CEO Dan Akerson outlined some highlights of the company’s fuel economy plan through the 2016 model year. More efficient gasoline engines. The death of the V-8 has been greatly exaggerated, Akerson said.

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Fuel Economy Economy GM Gasoline 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2013

Total Biofuels production by fuel type, world markets: 2013-2023. In contrast, Navigant expects the CAGR for fossil-based gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel to be 3.1% of global transportation fuel production from fossil sources. Production of synthetic gasoline is expected to grow at an 18.7% in 2013 to 12.3%

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Global 2013 Gasoline Renewable 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

After completing a re-assessment of energy use for a broad range of countries for the period 2013-14, EIA updated its historical data, with the largest changes occurring in China and other non-OECD countries. Methanol or its derivative products can be added to fuels such as gasoline and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG).

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2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2013

A typical US ethanol plant uses around 900,000 tons of feed-grade corn per year to produce 100 million gallons of fuel ethanol, 300,000 tons of animal feed and 8,500 tons of corn oil. Used together, the three enzymes can increase ethanol yield from corn by up to 5% and corn oil extraction by 13%, while saving 8% energy.

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Market Oil Convert 2013 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2014

The LCFS regulation mandates a 10% reduction in the carbon intensity (CI) of transportation fuels used in California by 2020. Modification of Compliance Curves for Gasoline and Diesel Standards. This will likely keep LCFS regulatory standards at 2013 levels through 2015. lowest-cost compliance).

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2020 California Concept Oil 252

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

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Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2014

The Office’s high-level schedule aims for development of commercially viable renewable gasoline, diesel, and jet technologies by 2017 through R&D, and enables a trajectory toward long-term renewable fuels goals. BETO multi-year milestones f0r 2013-2022 are: Click to enlarge. Multi-year performance goals are: Click to enlarge.

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2017 Commercial Conversion Renewable 247

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2013

The horizontal red lines show the comparable price of gasoline (before tax, refining margin 0.3 $/gal, exchange rate: 1 € = 1.326 $) with crude oil prices 100 $/bbl and 150 $/bbl. The costs ranged from 58–65 €/MWh for methanol; 58–66 €/MWh for DME; 64–75 €/MWh for Fischer-Tropsch liquids; and 68–78 €/MWh for synthetic gasoline.

Carbon 218

Carbon Fuel Finland Gasoline 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2012

A status review of California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) ( earlier post ) for the period of 2011 and the first quarter of 2012 by Dr. Sonia Yeh at the Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis and Julie Witcover found that regulated parties in the LCFS—i.e., gCO 2 e/MJ for gasoline.

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Standards California 2012 2011 247

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2009

Waste feedstock shall include, but not be limited to: waste vegetable oils, waste animal fats, substances derived from wastewater and the treatment of wastewater or grease trap waste. The Act includes three major provisions: Exempts cellulosic biofuels from the state gasoline excise tax. The Clean Energy Biofuels Act. Biofuels mandate.

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Massachusetts Waste Oil Diesel 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2014

The European Road Transport Research Advisory Council ( ERTRAC ) has published a new roadmap assessing energy carriers and powertrains in the context of the European target to achieve a 60% reduction in CO 2 emissions from transport by 2050. Liquid Air in the energy and transport systems - The Centre for Low Carbon Futures May 2013.

Gas 246

Gas Energy Power Powered 246

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

Accenture has identified 12 technologies that it concludes have the potential to disrupt the current views of transport fuels supply, demand and GHG emissions over the next 10 years. Will be competitive at an oil price of $45 to $90 at their commercial date. Source: Accenture. Click to enlarge. Waste-to-fuel. Marine scrubbers.

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Transportation Supplies Emissions Fuel 262

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

The Outlook for Energy identifies a significant evolution in the trade of oil and other liquids. A major shift is seen as North America will likely become a net exporter of liquids by 2020 as supplies of tight oil, natural gas liquids and bitumen from oil sands increase. Transportation in general. l/100 km) in 2010.

Energy 252

Energy Global 2010 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2015

The study is published in the journal Transportation Research Part A. They found that find that gasoline vehicles continue to be most attractive to consumers both countries, and that American respondents have significantly lower relative willingness-to-pay for BEV technology than Chinese respondents. 2015.01.002.

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Chinese Ford Gasoline-Electric PHEV 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2012

GE and Clean Energy Fuels are collaborating to expand the infrastructure for natural gas transportation in the United States. As part of the collaboration, Clean Energy Fuels will initially purchase two MicroLNG plants from GE Oil & Gas. GE’s MicroLNG plant can liquefy natural gas at any point along a gas distribution network.

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Clean Cleaning Fuel Energy 286

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2013

billion gallons; the final 2013 overall volumes and standards require 16.55 million gallons specified for 2013. million gallons specified for 2013. EPA is proposing to maintain the biomass-based diesel standard for 2014 and 2015 at the 2013 level of 1.28 Gasoline and diesel. March 2013. Heating Oil.

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2014 EPA Renewable Standards 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2009

The first of many parallel steps for the research effort is to mass-culture the best oil-producing strains of Dunaliella , and then to map the Dunaliella genome and identify the genes responsible for regulating the quantities and qualities of the produced fatty acids. Earlier post.). It has to be cost-competitive, or none of this makes sense.

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Renewable Fuel Stimulus Package Oil 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2015

Siluria’s OCM technology is the first commercially viable process to directly convert natural gas to ethylene, a key building block for the global petrochemicals industry and a new basis from which to produce transportation fuels. Siluria has been using the ETL technology to produce gasoline at its pilot facility in Hayward, Calif.,

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Convert Gas Commercial Gasoline 150