Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2020

Overall, US energy-related CO 2 emissions have fallen 15% from their peak of 6,003 MMmt in 2007. In 2019, CO 2 emissions from petroleum fuels—nearly half of which are associated with motor gasoline consumption—fell by 0.8%, and CO 2 emissions from the use of natural gas increased by 3.3%.

2019 273

2019 CO2 Energy 2017 273

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2011

The Clean Coal Task Force (CCTF) was created in 2007 by the Wyoming State Legislature to help secure Wyoming’s financial future by preserving the value of coal, an important export from the state. The newly approved projects will receive $8,769,713, the largest single annual funding in the history of the fund.

Wyoming 186

Wyoming Coal Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. If biogas is substituted for conventional natural gas, total GHG emissions can further significantly reduced (190 gCO 2 /mile). Lifecycle GHG comparison.

Coal 257

Coal Water Transportation Fuel 257

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2019

greenhouse gas emissions were 6,472.3 from 2016, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) latest Greenhouse Gas Inventory. The decrease in total greenhouse gas emissions between 2016 and 2017 was driven in part by a decrease in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. above 1990 levels in 2007.

2017 262

2017 2016 Emissions EPA 262

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2009

Underground coal gasification uses paired wells in a coal seam: one an oxidant injection well, the other the syngas producer well. CIRI), an Alaska Native corporation, is proposing an underground coal gasification (UCG) project that would use the resulting syngas to fuel a new 100 MW combined cycle power plant. Source: CIRI.

Alaska 199

Alaska Coal Corporation Carbon 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

For the first eleven months of 2013, natural gas consumption in the electric power sector was below 2012 levels because of relatively higher natural gas prices compared with coal prices, and cooler summer weather compared with 2012, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Gas 230

Gas Industrial Industry Price 230

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2018

Promoting the use of zero-emission vehicles will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution at the nation?s Assembly Bill (AB) 118 (Nùñez, Chapter 750, Statutes of 2007), created the Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program (ARFVTP). s second-busiest container port.

Long Beach 275

Long Beach Grant California Energy 275

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2011

Under van Wijk’s concept, a plant would produce methanol from natural gas on the North Slope using the proposed GigaMethanol technology. Eastman originally bought the plant in 2007 for a $1.6-billion If the entire daily output of North Slope gas (4.5 GigaMethanol and Gas to Gasoline (Janus NPRA presentation).

Alaska 257

Alaska Gasoline Gas Trinidad 257

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2015

over the prior year, according to the EPA’s newly published Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2013. By sector, power plants were the largest source of emissions, accounting for 31% of total US greenhouse gas pollution. MMT CO 2 Eq.) Total US emissions have increased by 5.9% from 1990 to 2013. Source: EPA.

2013 150

2013 EPA Coal 2004 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2011

South African energy and chemicals group Sasol today announced that it has chosen the southwestern region of the State of Louisiana as the site for a planned gas-to-liquids (GTL) facility. billion barrels of liquid fuels and chemicals from coal and natural gas. —Gas to Liquids Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis Report.

Louisiana 210

Louisiana Papua New Guinea Gas Gabon 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2017

Among the findings of the EIA analysis: CO 2 emissions form natural gas surpassed those from coal in 2016. Natural gas CO 2 emissions have increased every year since 2009. These emissions were highest in 2007, prior to the recession, and have not returned to those levels, despite increasing every year since 2012.

2016 150

2016 CO2 Emissions Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2017

Total European Union greenhouse gas emissions increased by 0.5% Road transport emissions—about 20% of total EU greenhouse gas emissions—increased for the second year in a row in 2015, by 1.6%. Other findings for the year 2015: The reduction in total EU greenhouse gas emissions compared with 1990 was 23.7%

2015 150

2015 Emissions Transportation Gas 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2013

For purposes of this rule, fossil fuel-fired EGUs include utility boilers, IGCC units and certain natural gas-fired stationary combustion turbine EGUs that generate electricity for sale and are larger than 25 megawatts (MW). The proposed rulemaking establishes separate standards for natural gas and coal plants. Background.

EPA 236

EPA Standards Emissions Power 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2009

million) toward a $30-million underground coal gasification (UCG) project with Swan Hills Synfuels of Calgary. Swan Hills Synfuels expects the project to demonstrate the ability to manufacture synthetic gas from Alberta’s coal resources, with the future potential of utilizing the coal seams for carbon capture and storage.

Coal 150

Coal Australia Vietnam Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2010

Ceres recently released a new report concluding that coal-to-liquid (CTL) and oil shale technologies face significant environmental and financial obstacles—from water constraints, to technological uncertainties to regulatory and market risks—that pose substantial financial risks for investors involved in such projects.

Coal 210

Coal Oil Water Oil Prices 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2009

The US Department of Energy (DOE) has granted Reaction Design one of seven awards for a project intended to support the full-scale implementation and operation of highly efficient coal-based power generation technologies with near-zero emissions. Reaction Design also leads the Model Fuels Consortium. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Coal 186

Coal Design Chevron Grant 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2014

In the US, a lower oil price could nudge natural gas prices higher: shale oil production often produces associated gas; fewer rigs fracking for oil would have the effect of marginally reducing supplies of natural gas. Oil at $60/barrel could mean a natural gas price as much as $0.90/MMBtu The US economy has grown by 8.9%

Oil Prices 268

Oil Prices Oil Price Carbon 268

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2017

Specific circumstances, such as the very warm fourth quarter of 2015 and relatively low natural gas prices, put downward pressure on emissions as natural gas was substituted for coal in electricity generation. Coal’s share of total electricity generation in the power sector fell from 54% in 1990 to 34% in 2015.

2015 150

2015 Transportation CO2 Energy 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

First, these subsidies generally apply only to oil, gas, and electricity. That means that in some cases the removal of subsidies causes a switch to more emissions-intensive coal. The largest effects of removing subsidies were found in areas that export oil and gas, such as Russia, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa.

Emissions 186

Emissions Fuel CO2 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA’s AEO2012 projects a continued decline in US imports of liquid fuels due to increased production of gas liquids and biofuels and greater fuel efficiency. EIA added a premium to the capital cost of CO 2 -intensive technologies to reflect current market behavior regarding possible future policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2010

The measured temperature increase lags several decades behind the changes in atmospheric composition: with present day greenhouse gas concentrations the temperature is expected to further increase by at least 1 °C in the coming decades. Major uncertainties exist regarding future greenhouse gas emissions and their impacts.

Climate Change 170

Climate Change Netherlands 2007 Climate 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2012

Since 2007, roughly 80% of spending on consumption subsidies occurred in countries that are net exporters of fossil fuels. million barrels per day, natural gas demand would be cut by 330 billion cubic meters, and coal demand would drop by 230 million tons of coal. Oil demand would be reduced by 3.7 in 2020 and 5.8%

Renewable 312

Renewable International Fuel Energy 312

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2010

In addition, President Obama issued a Presidential Memorandum creating an Interagency Task Force on Carbon Capture and Storage to develop a comprehensive and coordinated federal strategy to speed the development and deployment of advanced lower-emission coal technologies. President Obama. Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2). Renewable fuel.

Obama 218

Obama Coal Clean Cleaning 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2010

RWE, Linde and BASF report that tests in a pilot plant at RWE’s Niederaussem power station near Cologne of new chemical solvents for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas reduce the required energy input by about 20%. Andreas Northemann, Business Manager, Global Gas Treatment, BASF Intermediates division. Earlier post.)

CO2 186

CO2 Energy Coal 2007 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2014

A review of 20 years of technical literature on natural gas (NG) emissions in the United States and Canada comprising more than 200 papers has concluded that official inventories consistently underestimate actual CH 4 emissions due to leakage from the natural gas system. If emissions distributions have “heavy tails” (e.g.,

Climate 247

Climate Transportation Fuel Coal 247

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2010

General Motors and Hawaii’s The Gas Company (TGC), the state’s major gas energy provider, are collaborating on a hydrogen infrastructure project. The Gas Company currently produces synthetic natural gas from naptha and hydrogen, will plans to include plant oils and animal fats as feedstocks in the future. Jeff Kissel.

Hawaii 225

Hawaii Hydrogen GM Gas 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 13, 2013

In his State of the Union speech Tuesday night, President Obama proposed “ we use some of our oil and gas revenues to fund an Energy Security Trust that will drive new research and technology to shift our cars and trucks off oil for good. Much later, in 2007, US Rep. —President Carter. John Larson (D-CT-1) introduced H.R.

Concept 218

Concept Energy Tax Oil 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed the first Clean Air Act standard for CO 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from new power plants. Although emissions vary by plant and with the specific type of fuel, EPA provided illustrative examples of CO 2 emissions from EGUs: Conventional coal: 1,800 lbs CO 2 /MWh.

EPA 225

EPA Power Powered Future 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2015

Honeywell UOP’s MTO technology provides a cost-effective way to convert methanol derived from coal or natural gas, rather than crude oil, into the components to make plastics, synthetics and other materials. The process converts methanol from non-crude oil sources such as coal and natural gas into ethylene and propylene.

China 150

China Coal Clean Cleaning 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2016

per year over 2007-2015 due to the displacement of coal by natural gas, wind and solar for power production as well as energy efficiency gains. Source: John DeCicco. Click to enlarge. Further, electric sector CO 2 emissions have dropped greatly in recent years, declining at an average rate of 2.8%

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions CO2 2007 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2009

Estimates of potential for gasoline consumption reduction in the US light duty fleet in 2020 and 2035 relative to 2007. Developing technologies for the conversion of biomass and coal-to-liquid fuels. Projected consumption assumes efficiency improvements in powertrain and vehicle are offset by increases in performance, size and weight.

Coal 150

Coal Conversion Light Future 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

The gas is produced primarily during the combustion of gasoline in vehicle engines and coal in power plants. They show how nitrogen dioxide concentrations during spring and summer months, averaged from 2005-2007, compare to the average from 2009-2011. It’s also a good proxy for the presence of air pollution in general.

Ozone 210

Ozone Maryland Pollution Aura 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2014

The emissions increase in the United States in 2013 (+2.5%) was mainly due to a shift in power production from gas back to coal together with an increase in gas consumption due to a higher demand for space heating. This is in contrast to most preceding years since 2007, in which annual oil consumption decreased by 2.2%

2013 240

2013 Emissions Global CO2 240

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

In 2009, the carbon intensity of the electric power sector decreased by nearly 4.3%, primarily due to fuel switching as the price of coal rose 6.8% from 2008 to 2009 while the comparable price of natural gas fell 48% on a per Btu basis. Increased use of natural gas in place of coal caused the sector’s carbon intensity to decrease.

2009 239

2009 Emissions Carbon Transportation 239

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

We have been thrilled with the performance of liquid injection in general—such good performance characteristics, gas mileage, emissions, service and warranty—that’s the wave of the future for OEM programs. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), also known as propane or autogas, can be used to replace gasoline and diesel.

USA 239

USA Engine Alternative Fuels Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2009

In 2007, GE and BP formed a global alliance to jointly develop and deploy technology for at least five IGCC power plants that could significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation. The technology proposed for the Hydrogen Energy California plant would convert petroleum coke, coal or a combination of each into syngas.

Hydrogen 199

Hydrogen California Energy Tampa 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2010

Earlier, an existing coalbed methane well operated by El Paso Exploration & Production had been converted for CO 2 injection, and four wells drilled to monitor reservoir pressure, gas composition, water quality, and the CO 2 plume. Coal in the Black Warrior Basin has the potential to sequester 1.1 gigatons to 2.3

Alabama 186

Alabama El Paso CO2 Mississippi 186