Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2013

Schematic overview of the primary black-carbon emission sources and the processes that control. the distribution of black carbon in the atmosphere and determine its role in the climate system. Accounting for all of the ways black carbon can affect climate, it is believed to have a warming effect of about 1.1 Source: Bond et al.

Climate Change 286

Climate Change Climate Carbon CO2 286

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2011

Global carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels have increased by 49% in the last two decades, according to the latest figures from the Global Carbon Project. Total emissions—including fossil fuel combustion, cement production, deforestation and other land use emissions—reached 10 billion tonnes of carbon (36.7

2010 239

2010 Carbon Global Emissions 239

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2014

Black carbon emissions and BC emissions intensity per year. A study led by a team from Peking University has estimated that global black carbon (BC) emissions increased from 5.3 Black carbon has two deleterious effects on the environment. Credit: ACS, Wang et al. Click to enlarge. teragrams/year in 1960 to 9.1

2007 268

2007 Emissions Carbon Global 268

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2012

Researchers at Wuhan University (China) have synthesized a Sb/C (antimony/carbon) nanocomposite for use as an anode material in a room-temperature sodium-ion (Na-ion) battery. A comparison of the cycling capacities of the metallic Sb and the Sb/C nanocomposite electrode at a current rate of 100 mA/g. Source: Yang et al.

Carbon 240

Carbon Sodium Lithium Ion Batteries 240

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2012

Colorado State University has obtained a 5-year, $5-million grant from BP to study mechanisms involved with technology for oil recovery from “watered-out” wells. 2000) Water Control. Bill Bailey et al. Oilfield Review.

Colorado 252

Colorado Water Oil Universal 252

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 24, 2016

A paper by a team from the University of Chicago and MIT suggests that technology-driven cost reductions in fossil fuels will lead to the continued use of fossil fuels—oil, gas, and coal—unless governments pass new taxes on carbon emissions. We need both a policy like a carbon tax and to put more R&D money into renewables.

Chicago 150

Chicago MIT Tax Carbon 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2011

Global sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions peaked in the early 1970s and decreased until 2000, with an increase in recent years due to increased emissions in China, international shipping, and developing countries in general, according to a new analysis appearing in the open access journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. Credit: Smith et al.

2005 186

2005 2000 Emissions China 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 4, 2010

Source: Wolfgang Knorr, Bristol University. The analysis indicates that natural carbon sinks are maintaining overall resilience despite recent signs that the carbon uptakes of specific sinks are in decline. While some aspects of the Earth’s “carbon budget” (e.g. While some aspects of the Earth’s “carbon budget” (e.g.

Carbon 186

Carbon Climate Change CO2 Climate 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2020

We observed an enrichment of molecules lighter than 170 daltons corresponding to a carbon number of 12 or a boiling point less than 200 °C in the permeate. Since 2000, ExxonMobil has invested approximately $10 billion in projects to research, develop and deploy lower-emission energy solutions. Imperial College London. Johnson, Scott J.

Georgia 337

Georgia London Oil Polymer 337

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Mark Jacobson.

Carbon 150

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO 2 e.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2010

Global carbon dioxide emissions show no sign of abating and may reach record levels in 2010, according to a study led by the University of Exeter (UK). The study, which also involved the University of East Anglia (UK) and other global institutions, is part of the annual carbon budget update by the Global Carbon Project.

2010 210

2010 Global Emissions CO2 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2017

Improving the efficiency of road-freight transport is critical to reducing the growth in oil demand, carbon emissions and air pollution over the next decades, according to the International Energy Agency’s latest report, The Future of Trucks: Implications for energy and the environment. Modern Truck Scenario.

Oil 150

Oil Transportation Alternative Fuels Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2009

The UK has launched a new research program aiming to strengthen the supply chain for the UK’s aero-engine industry and accelerate the development and introduction of low carbon aircraft engine technology. The total cost of the project including government and industry investment is expected to be around £90 million (US$148 million).

Engine 150

Engine Carbon Universal 2000 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

Variations in atmosphere carbon dioxide around 40 million years ago were tightly coupled to changes in global temperature, according to new findings published in the journal Science. Algae use photosynthesis to harvest the energy of the sun, converting carbon dioxide and water into the organic molecules required for growth.

CO2 236

CO2 Global Netherlands Carbon 236

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2010

Decadal warming rates arising from (i) greenhouse gases and aerosols alone (black); (ii) that obtained including the stratospheric water decline after 2000 (red); and (iii) including both the stratospheric water vapor decline after 2000 and the increase in the 1980s and 1990s (cyan). Credit: Solomon et al., Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 218

Climate Change Water Climate Global 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a technique to grow aligned nanoforests of manganese dioxide nanorods with an optimal crystal structure (?-MnO The chemical capacitors made with Meng’s manganese dioxide nanorods hold more energy plus they yield even more power than a comparable carbon-based physical capacitor.

2000 236

2000 Energy Storage Michigan Carbon 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2011

The authors analyzed measurements from several independent sources—satellites and several types of ground instruments—and found a definitive increase in stratospheric aerosol since 2000. The increase in aerosols since 2000 implies a cooling effect of about 0.1 watts per square meter—enough to offset some of the 0.28

Climate 220

Climate Climate Change Colorado 2000 220

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

While natural gas can reduce greenhouse emissions when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources, abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction, according to a new study by two researchers at Duke University.

Climate 199

Climate Gas Coal Gas-Electric 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2013

A team at the University of Kansas has demonstrated the feasibility of an integrated wastewater algae-to-biocrude process using hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) that can sustainably cultivate algal biomass for biofuel production. HTL uses subcritical water as the chemical driving force to convert biomass to a carbon-rich biocrude.

Conversion 285

Conversion Water Carbon Oil 285

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

Radiative forcing due to perpetual constant year 2000 emissions grouped by sector for 2020 (left) and 2100 (right) showing the contribution from each species. Some aerosols, particularly sulfates and organic carbon, can make clouds brighter and cause them to last longer, producing a cooling effect. From Unger et al., Click to enlarge.

Transportation 391

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered 391

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2018

A team at the University of Denver has measured the emissions from two in-use California heavy-duty truck fleets—at the Port of Los Angeles and the Cottonwood weigh station in Northern California—using the On-Road Heavy-Duty Measurement System in 2013, 2015 and 2017. 87%), black carbon (?76%), 76%), and particle number (?64%).

Los Angeles 186

Los Angeles California Fleet Vehicles 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2011

Discharge–charge performance of lithium-oxygen batteries with (a) GNSs, (b) BP-2000, and (c) Vulcan XC-72 cathodes at a current density of 75 mA g -1. mAh g -1 —the highest capacity of any carbon-based materials in lithium-oxygen batteries reported so far, according to the team. Click to enlarge.

Li-ion 199

Li-ion Energy Batteries Battery 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2012

The researchers tested various levels of emission reduction plans—a global carbon tax of $10, $30 or $50. These scenarios show that, even more modest and realistic goals require near universal participation of major greenhouse gas emitters, Paltsev says. The various taxes would slow warming to 3.5,

Climate Change 324

Climate Change MIT Climate Tax 324

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2016

Europe’s Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA 2050) outlines a 75% reduction in aviation CO 2 emissions to year 2050 relative to a year 2000 reference. The EU is targeting a 75% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions per passenger kilometer between the years 2000 and 2050.

Engine 150

Engine Exhaust Concept France 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2016

Researchers at Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, have developed a highly efficient homogeneous Ru-based catalyst system for the production of methanol (CH 3 OH) from CO 2 and H 2 in an ethereal solvent (initial turnover frequency = 70 h −1 at 145 °C). The work, led by G.K.

Convert 150

Convert CO2 Conversion 2000 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2014

Researchers at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) report in an open access paper in Scientific Reports that bulk antimony sulfide (Sb 2 S 3 ) with a size of 10–20 ?m 1 at a rate of 2000 mA g ?1 The electrodes were also tested up to 2000 mA g ?1 1 —the highest ever recorded for materials with 10–20 ?m —Yu et al.

Li-ion 220

Li-ion Batteries Battery Lithium Ion 220

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

In addition to CO 2 , other compounds such as ozone (O 3 ) precursors (nitrogen oxides (NO x =NO+NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) are emitted by ships. 1 of the total ship emissions in 2007. —Lud et al.

Climate 240

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2012

In a report on Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) production research published in 2000, the DOE described ASP: The alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) process evolved from the early studies on micellarpolymer flooding.

Polymer 218

Polymer Illinois Oil 2000 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 1, 2010

BATT is funded by the Department of Energy’s Office of Vehicle Technologies and is managed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as part of its Carbon Cycle 2.0 The awardees include two national laboratories, five universities, and one private non-profit research institute. Binghamton University. Drexel University.

Li-ion 186

Li-ion Batteries Battery Lithium Ion 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

Researchers from the Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE) at the Arctic University of Norway have discovered a growing Arctic abiotic methane- and methane hydrate–charged sediment drift on oceanic crust in the deep Fram Strait of the Arctic Ocean. So there is probably much more. —Joel Johnson.

Gas 150

Gas Charging Escape New Hampshire 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study. Jonathan Levy, a professor of environmental health at Boston University, says Barrett’s calculations for the overall number of premature deaths related to combustion emissions agree with similar conclusions by the Environmental Protection Agency. related and ?2,000

MIT 378

MIT Emissions Ozone Power 378

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2016

A study by researchers from the University of Denver and the University of Puget Sound indicates that high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected based on their actual numbers in the fleet. of the registered vehicles (2000/325000). Credit: ACS, Bishop et al. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 150

Emissions Fleet Light Taxi 150

Cars That Think

JULY 30, 2023

Jonas Ekstromer/AFP/Getty Images In the early 1970s, Exxon scientists predicted that global oil production would peak in the year 2000 and then fall into a steady decline. Oxford takes the handoff In 1976, John Goodenough [left] joined the University of Oxford, where he headed development of the first lithium cobalt oxide cathode.

Lithium Ion 91

Lithium Ion Recharge Batteries Battery 91

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2011

times as energy intensive to produce as conventional diesel, which restricts the current financial and environmental feasibility of algae production, according to a new life cycle analysis by a team from the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford. Currently, algae-derived-biodiesel is up to 2.5

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Production Grid Saudi Arabia 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

In four campaigns over the year-long study, the team from the University of Toronto measured emissions 15 meters from the roadway, then converted the measurements to fuel-based emission factors (EFs). Hence, GDI PM mass loadings and chemical composition may vary depending on the measurement environment or exhaust conditioning.

Environment 150

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2015

Results from a new study by researchers at the University of California Irvine support a growing body of scientific literature indicating that sensitive populations, including children, certain ethnic groups and people of lower socioeconomic status, are more vulnerable to the effects of high exposures to traffic-related air pollution.

Pollution 150

Pollution California Davis Ozone 150