Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Warm season average present-day daily maximum ozone levels (AVGMDA8) at urban (left) and non-urban sites (right). Source: University of Leicester. In some parts of Asia, Africa and South America, the researchers identified data gaps which prevented them from characterizing ozone pollution exposure patterns. Click to enlarge.

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Ozone Global North America Colorado 255

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2012

When airborne particles (green) form before PAHs adhere, both the pollutants and particles dissipate quickly, as shown in the top row. But when the particles form in the presence of pollutants, which is what likely happens in nature, the longer-lasting particles enable the long-range transport of the pollutants (bottom).

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Pollution Transportation Range Escape 244

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

—Lin Zhang of Peking University, lead author. Many countries regulate ozone because of the damage the pollutant does to plants and people. Since the 1990s, tighter controls on emissions of those ingredients have lessened ozone pollution in many European and US cities. —Lin Zhang. Cooper, Martin G.

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Ozone Pollution China South Korea 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2019

Solid CFDNPs in air pollution are characterized by the abundant presence of strongly magnetic, iron-rich particles which condense and/or oxidize upon airborne release, often retaining a rounded or spherical shape as they cool. Erythrocytes were identified transferring ‘hitchhiking’ NPs to activated endothelium. Cross, Imad A.M.

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Pollution Mexico Standards Exhaust 236

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2015

Rice University scientists, working with colleagues in France, have detected the presence of anthropogenic carbon nanotubes (CBTs) in cells extracted from the airways of Parisian children under routine treatment for asthma. Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles (a) in vehicle exhaust and (b) inside a lung cell vacuole. Click to enlarge.

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Universal Carbon Pollution El Paso 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2017

Research presented at the annual CMR (cardiovascular magnetic resonance) imaging conference of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) links PM 2.5 pollution to heart damage. People who were highly educated were less likely to have harmful effects on the heart from pollution. Among the sources of urban PM 2.5

Pollution 186

Pollution London Diesel Emissions 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2016

Since the 1980s, air pollution has increased worldwide, but it has increased at a much faster pace in regions close to the equator. The work provides strategic insight on where in the world to reduce emissions of pollutants that form ozone. Jason West, corresponding author. —Owen R. Cooper, co-author. Yuqiang Zhang, Owen R.

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Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina 230

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

The green symbol and dashed arrow illustrate the large reductions in tailpipe VOC emission factors as precatalyst on-road gasoline vehicles were replaced by present-day vehicle fleets. Even so, lotions, paints and other products contribute about as much to air pollution as does the transportation sector. McDonald et al.

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Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles 264

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2017

Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have found that the air pollution and greenhouse gas costs of shipping crude by rail are nearly twice as large as those for oil pipelines. Air pollution and greenhouse gas damages for transportation by railroad and pipelines to the gulf coast.

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Pollution North Dakota Cost Of Oil 230

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

Data presented as mean ± standard deviation, N=3. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Regulated emissions for all test fuels over the cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. Yang et al. —Yang et al. Jiacheng Yang, Patrick Roth, Thomas D. Durbin, Kent C. Johnson, Akua Asa-Awuku, David R. 8b02206.

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Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2017

A new study by a team from Brazil, with colleagues in the US, has shown that particulate pollution biomass burning in the Amazon induced inflammation, oxidative stress and severe DNA damage in human lung cells. After 72 hours of exposure, more than 30% of the cultured cells are dead, the researchers found.

Pollution 170

Pollution Universal Brazil Washington 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2021

Researchers from Sun-Yat Sen University in China report in an open-access paper in ACS ES&T Engineering the development of a catalyst that destroys medications and other compounds already present in wastewater to generate hydrogen fuel, getting rid of a contaminant while producing something useful. —Wu et al. ACS EST Eng.

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Hydrogen Clean Cleaning Fuel 243

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2016

Air pollution impairs the function of blood vessels in the lungs, according to a study of more than 16,000 patients presented at EuroEcho-Imaging 2016. The study examined the effect of air pollution on pulmonary haemodynamics (blood flow) in a population and in individuals. Increases in PM 10 and PM 2.5

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Pollution 2016 Exhaust Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2014

Children living in polluted megacities are at increased risk for brain inflammation and neurodegenerative changes, including Alzheimer or Parkinson’s disease, according to a study led by University of Montana Professor Dr. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas and her colleagues. —Calderón-Garcidueñas et al.

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Pollution Mexico Los Angeles New York City 275

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2014

Children who are exposed in utero to high levels of particulate air pollution during the second trimester of pregnancy may be at greater risk of developing asthma in early childhood, according to a new study presented at the 2014 American Thoracic Society International Conference in San Diego. The study included 430 full-term (?37

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Pollution San Diego 2014 Seattle 240

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2017

A new study, part of the Atlanta Commuter Exposures (ACE) Study, has assessed on-roadway in-cabin particulate pollution (PM 2.5 ) collected from scripted rush hour commutes on highways and on non-highway side streets. Most traffic pollution sensors are placed on the ground alongside the road and take continuous samples for a 24-hour period.

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Pollution Atlanta Cars Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2012

Boxes represent pollution reading locations during that window. Computer scientists at the University of California, San Diego have built a portable pollution sensors that transmit transmit their air quality readings to smart phones, allowing users to monitor air quality in real time. Nikzad et al. Click to enlarge.

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Pollution San Diego Ozone 2012 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2018

Identical total annual emissions of sulfate and black carbon aerosol from eight major past, present, and potential future emitting regions (a) result in global-mean cooling spanning a 14x range (b, y-axis), differing substantially in the degree to which that cooling is felt in the emitting region (b, x-axis). This work is part of a larger $1.5-million

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Climate Pollution San Diego India 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2015

A study by researchers from the US, Mexico and Canada has found that children’s urban air pollution exposures result in systemic and brain inflammation and the early hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study found that clinically healthy children who live in a polluted environment and who also carry a gene—the apolipoprotein ?4

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Pollution Mexico Montana Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

CHIE participants are exposed to one or several common air pollutants usually for a few hours at concentrations that are not expected to produce adverse responses. The NAAQS process has broad health importance because it regulates the outdoor air concentrations of those pollutants. 2009 to Oct.

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Pollution Ozone EPA San Francisco 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2019

One view advanced in some studies attempting to model future climate is that cleaning up fossil-fuel air pollution rapidly will unintentionally lead to a near-term rise in atmospheric warming of about a half-degree Celsius, which might take up to a century to reverse. —Christopher Smith. —Christopher Smith.

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Emissions Climate Change Fuel Climate 191

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2020

This puffy line is not just exhaust from the engine, but a change in the clouds that’s caused by small airborne particles of pollution. New research led by the University of Washington (UW) is the first to measure this phenomenon’s effect over years and at a regional scale. Michael Diamond/University of Washington.

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Emissions Pollution 2003 Climate 223

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

2015) formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission of China (NDRC), coal consumption will be limited to 3900 million metric tons (MMT) by 2015, which will present a challenge given the tremendous increase in coal use within the last 5 years (2300 MMT in 2006 and 3200 MMT in 2010). Click to enlarge. —Huo et al.

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Coal Pollution China Gas 231

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2012

Researchers at Isfahan University of Technology (Iran) report the efficient production of cellulosic ethanol from rice straw using a new sodium carbonate pretreatment method. Resources.

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Sodium Universal Iran Carbon 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2017

A study by researchers from the University of Edinburgh and the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment in the Netherlands has found that nanoparticles, such as those found in air pollution, can travel into the blood and accumulate in diseased blood vessels. —Miller et al. Miller, Jennifer B. Raftis, Jeremy P.

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Pollution Netherlands 2017 Building 253

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2020

In a working paper for the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), a team from UC Berkeley, UC Santa Barbara and Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) calculate that the social cost of the phase out of nuclear electricity production in Germany is approximately $12 billion per year.

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Cost Of Germany Pollution 2017 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

In a paper being presented at WCX SAE World Congress Experience in Detroit this week, a team from MIT is proposing the use of a flex-fuel gasoline-alcohol engine approach for a series-hybrid powertrain for long-haul Class 8 trucks. Ethanol or methanol would be employed to increase knock resistance. —Daniel Cohn. and Bromberg, L.

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MIT Gasoline Engine Fuel 247

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2014

A team led by researchers at Oregon State University has discovered novel nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (NPAH) compounds produced by combustion sources or formed in the atmosphere that are hundreds of times more mutagenic than their parent PAHs, which are known carcinogens. Staci Simonich.

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Pollution Oregon Los Angeles Universal 275

CleanTechnica EVs

MAY 7, 2021

By Simon Mui With transportation now the largest source of carbon pollution in the U.S., the state that created car culture is now driving toward eliminating tailpipe pollution. Originally published on the NRDC Expert Blog.

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Clean Cleaning California Future 114

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2020

An international collaboration led by Cranfield University will examine the potential for the low-carbon production of hydrogen from natural gas. MW th pilot plant at Cranfield University to test the innovative hydrogen production technology that substantially reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed maximum output of 1.5

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Carbon Gas Production Hydrogen 221

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2018

vehicles) and industrial air pollution—fuel powerful storms and influence weather much more than has been appreciated, according to a study published in the journal Science. More broadly, the results suggest that from pre-industrial to the present day, human activity possibly may have changed storms in these regions in powerful ways.

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International Brazil Climate Pollution 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

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Exhaust Diesel Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2021

Scientists of Ural Federal University and the Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of RAS (Russian Academy of Sciences) have developed and successfully tested the technology of joint non-waste processing of electric furnace and ladle slag to obtain pig iron and Portland cement clinker. Slag dumps occupy the areas exceeding 2.2

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Portland Waste Electric Electrical 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2022

Scientists from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany), University of Colorado Boulder, and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México performed a “CT Scan” of the atmosphere, moving along latitudes and longitudes, measuring particle concentrations and compositions in the upper troposphere. The emission sources are limited up there.

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Emissions Climate Pollution Climate Change 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2009

Vattenfall and Aalborg University are partnering with Danish startup SCF Technologies in a two-year project to design a demonstration plant based on SCF’s CatLiq process—an application of the firm’s supercritical fluid technology in the catalytic production of bio-oil from organic waste. SCF Technologies presentation (2008).

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Oil Universal 2008 Waste 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2016

A new study suggests that focusing on a gasoline-fueled vehicle’s cold start is the best target for future design changes to reduce emissions of criteria pollutants. The researchers are presenting their work today at the 252 nd National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS) in Philadelphia. —Greg Drozd.

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Gasoline Emissions San Diego Los Angeles 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

The research was conducted by Chris Malins, who has a doctorate in applied mathematics from the University of Sheffield, was formerly Fuels Program lead at the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), and is an independent global expert on transportation, energy and clean fuels policy. Malins (2018) Click to enlarge.

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California Carbon Clean Cleaning 170