Global, Ozone, Transportation and Universal

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2016

They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane. Based on their findings, they suggested that emission increases in Southeast, East and South Asia may be most important for the ozone change.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2016

As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.

San Jose

San Jose Ozone Universal Transportation

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

A new study provides the most detailed picture available to date of the global, regional, and local health impacts attributable to emissions from four transportation subsectors: on-road diesel vehicles; other on-road vehicles; shipping; and non-road mobile engines such as agricultural and construction equipment. of global ambient PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Karl Seltzer.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Preliminary global mean CO 2 concentrations in February 2014 were 398.06 Ozone formation. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other institutions have conducted a statistical analysis of pollution exposure and yields from 1980 to 2015 on a key sector making up about 38% of the state’s total agricultural output: perennial crops such as almonds, grapes, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and walnuts.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). Across scenarios, we found the more cars that transitioned to electric power, the better for summertime ozone levels.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. Click to enlarge. These narrow-focused models utilize high-resolution information about the geography, meteorology and emissions of these areas.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate California

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. The University of Bremen is the scientific base of the international project known as EMeRGe (Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales).

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

To make further progress, we should start focusing on road transportation and commercial and residential emissions. The research was a collaboration between MIT’s Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment and the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. and/or ozone. and/or ozone.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2014

China is responsible for only a small percentage of the annual pollution in the US, but powerful global winds known as “westerlies” can push airborne chemicals across the ocean in days, particularly during the spring, causing dangerous spikes in contaminants. Jintai Lin of Beijing’s Peking University is the paper’s lead author.

Pollution

Pollution Chinese Manufacturer Ozone

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

This new global emission estimate is startling. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. Much of this nitrogen is transported into river and stream networks where it may be converted to nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, via the activity of microbes.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH).

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2019

Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.).

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Clean Cleaning

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

The research, led by the International Council on Clean Transportation and Environmental Health Analytics, LLC., —Josh Miller, researcher at the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT). A paper on the work is published in the journal Nature. The team then computed the impacts on health, crops and climate.

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Seven billion people, more than 95% of the world’s population, lived in areas exceeding the WHO Guideline for healthy air in 2016, according to a new global study. State of Global Air 2018. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. State of Global Air 2018. State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. Although the space and time-averaged emission (STAE) of NO was found to decrease with increase in the global equivalence ratio (global ?)

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Targeting on-road transportation is a win-win-win. Unger et al.

Transportation

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

The Asian monsoon circulation provides an effective pathway for pollution from Asia, India, and Indonesia to enter the global stratosphere, according to a new international study led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo. NCAR scientist William Randel, the lead author.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather?

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The competitiveness impacts of transition are expected to be minor and, because transition is already underway in the major US and EU markets, this transition cannot be avoided regardless of China’s decision-making if Chinese manufacturers wish to compete globally. Cambridge University Press.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Pollution

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have performed life cycle assessments (LCA) of three batteries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and full performance battery electric (BEV) vehicles. They also found higher life cycle global warming emissions than have been previously reported. Click to enlarge.

Nickel Metal Hydride

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Hydrous ethanol has been used in the United States as a transportation fuel for at least one hundred years. These distilleries made 192-proof alcohol for human consumption, lantern fuel and transportation fuel. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in the United States. This moonshine was hydrous ethanol. Pursuant to 40 CFR § 80.27(a)(2):

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2011

In the first empirical study using satellite measurements to explore the relationship between urban form and air pollution, a team from the University of Minnesota has found that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have, on average, lower concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , a key component of urban air pollution).

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Minnesota Global

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Terrestrial plants are thought to be the dominant global source of atmospheric ethanol.) Here we use a global 3D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) applied to an ensemble of airborne observations to derive new constraints on natural and anthropogenic ethanol sources in North America. Credit: ACS, Millet et al.

North America

North America America Emissions Fuel

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2013

A study by NASA scientists and their colleagues at Dalhousie University (Canada) and NOAA based on satellite data has found a significant correlation of surface nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) with population in the three countries and one continent examined: United States (r = 0.71), Europe (r = 0.67), China (r = 0.69), and India (r = 0.59).

Pollution

Pollution Power Powered India

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

GW = global warming; Eut. eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The bill also establishes an interagency council to ensure an integrated federal response to adapting to the effects of global warming. Sections and provisions directly related to transportation are shaded.). Transportation Efficiency. Implementing the LCFS would be a lengthy process. light duty vehicles—e.g.,

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

Policy instruments are needed to help adjust the overall demand for (non-food) biomass at levels which can be supplied by sustainable production such as: effective incentives to increase efficient use of biomass and mineral resources; incentives to reduce fuel consumption for transportation. However very few studies include water use impacts.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

EV Driven

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

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