Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2017

l/100 km) in 2016, the The ICCT team assessed increased consumer label fuel economy (as opposed to the regulatory test fuel economy) to 35 mpg (6.71 The resulting trajectory would reduce CO 2 emissions by half and increase fuel economy by more than 60% from 2016 through 2030.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Price 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2014

Enerpulse Technologies said that it has further identified the underlying mechanism by which its its pulsed energy ignition technology improves fuel economy, reduces emission and delivers higher torque in spark ignited (SI) internal combustion (IC) engines. Earlier post.) —Wes Helgeson, senior research engineer.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy Plug Economy Energy 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Testing was conducted over the LA92 and US06 Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (US06) driving cycles on typical California E10 fuel. Bottom: Total particle-phase PAH emissions, expressed in ng/mile, for both test vehicles over the LA92 cycle. Yang et al.

Gasoline 253

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

The analysis used the Ohio State University EcoCAR, a student prototype PHEV, as the basis for the preliminary fuel economy evaluation. This evolution has led to the point where achieving significant fuel savings through the introduction of new technologies has become difficult. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine.

Waste 312

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The project aims to deliver full hybrid equivalent fuel economy and performance with less than 70 g/km CO 2 emissions as measured over the European Drive Cycle, but at a significantly lower cost. version of its vehicle (a 2009 Ford Focus) but with fuel economy and CO 2 emissions approaching those of a Prius.

Fuel Economy 239

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2016

In a paper presented at the 2016 SAE World Congress, Tula Technology, developer of Dynamic Skip Fire (DSF) cylinder deactivation technology, reported significant fuel economy gains of up to 18% over a conventional GM 6.2-liter Meaning, DSF reduces fuel consumption by 14-18% over V8. liter V8 by operating using Dynamic Skip Fire.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy GM Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2013

For such small vehicle applications, manufacturers are seeking a fuel-efficient means of reducing engine-out NO x to avoid the cost of implementing a 3-way catalyst and closed-loop-controlled fuel injection system. Further, Pinnacle noted, recently developed hardware designed for additional lean limit extension is under test.

Fuel Economy 231

Fuel Economy Economy Engine Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Regulated emissions for all test fuels over the cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. The study found that higher ethanol blends—i.e., The study found that higher ethanol blends—i.e., Data presented as mean ± standard deviation, N=3.

Pollution 255

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2012

The transient results illustrate the gradual formation of the nucleation mode particles with continuous increase in exhaust temperatures. Diesel particulate filters (DPF) and urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust after-treatment systems thus have emerged as feasible strategies to meet the 2010 USEPA regulations.

Exhaust 218

Exhaust Diesel West Virginia 2007 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2013

Researchers at Environment Canada have found that vehicle exhaust is a significant source of isocyanic acid (HNCO), a toxic gaseous acid that is a product of various forms of combustion and a potential health concern. mg kg fuel –1 and were significantly higher than previous biomass burning emission estimates. —Wentzell et al.

Exhaust 207

Exhaust Canada Environment Emissions 207

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2018

Now, in a new study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have found that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production from both port fuel injection (PFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles has been substantially reduced through the tightening of NMOG emissions.

Standards 170

Standards Production Exhaust Gasoline 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A study of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles in an urban near-road environment in Toronto over a wide range of weather conditions (February 2014 to January 2015) found that—other than for NO x and CO—the GDI engines had elevated emissions compared to the Toronto fleet.

Environment 150

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team from Ford Motor Company and AVL has concluded that a mid-level ethanol blend—greater than E20 but less than E40—appears to be attractive as a long-term future fuel for the US for use in engines optimized for the higher octane blend. The stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of ethanol is 9.0, Earlier post.)

Engine 253

Engine Fuel Ford Future 253

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Although gasoline direct injection engines (GDI) are a favorable technology for reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, recent studies have shown that GDI vehicles could emit more PM than traditional PFI (gasoline port fuel injection) vehicles as well as heavy-duty diesel trucks equipped with diesel particulate filters.

Environment 230

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada 230

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

A team at Ford Motor Company’s Research and Innovation Center in Dearborn conducted a detailed study of the effect of ethanol blend level in emissions, using a 2006 model Mercury Grand Marquis flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) operating on E0, E10, E20, E30, E40, E55, and E80 on a chassis dynamometer.

Emissions 294

Emissions Ford Exhaust Engine 294

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2010

Researchers from the Berner Fachhochschule and EMPA, a Swiss research and services group, are developing a thermoelectric generator for vehicle waste heat recovery that is integrated in the muffler, rather than being installed as a separate thermoelectric generator (TEG) unit on the exhaust line. Click to enlarge. MRS 2010 Spring, DD2.6:

Fuel Economy 218

Fuel Economy San Francisco Economy Exhaust 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

Broadly, the study by Stephanie Searle, Francisco Posada Sanchez, Chris Malins, and John German concludes that (a) technical barriers do not prevent the use of higher blends of ethanol, and (b) slow uptake of blends such as E15 and E85 is due to other factors, including high cost, legal and warranty issues, and consumer awareness and acceptance.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2013

The study found that the highest-emitting 10% of gasoline vehicles are now responsible for the overwhelming majority of running CO, NMHC, and NO x. Their study is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The main goal of this study is to evaluate long-term trends (1990?2010) Credit: ACS, McDonald et al.

Emissions 247

Emissions Los Angeles Motoring Motors 247

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

GDI is a strategy to improve fuel efficiency that is rapidly gaining market acceptance, as illustrated by the popularity of Ford’s GDI EcoBoost engines. Homogeneous GDI provides fuel efficiency benefits from charge air cooling, more facile turbocharging, and the downsizing that these permit. and fuel properties. Earlier post.)

Standards 246

Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2012

The high-level performance goals of the Partnership are a 25-40% improvement in fuel economy in a light-duty vehicle (LDV) and achieving 55% brake thermal efficiency (BTE) in heavy-duty engine systems. Liquid fuels have dominated transportation systems for over a century and will continue to do so for decades to come.

Fuel Economy 240

Fuel Economy Engine Economy Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2012

Use of new technologies to reduce friction losses should be able to lower automotive fuel consumption and emissions by 18% within the next 5 to 10 years and by up to 61% within 15 to 25 years, according to a joint study by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in the US. million TJ/a.

Fuel 186

Fuel Exhaust MPH Finland 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. A large number of new studies have recently been published suggesting that emission levels from test stands have to be adjusted upwards. TWC treatment can lead to a 10 fold reduction of NO.

Europe 150

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2012

Technology changes related to revised emissions standards for heavy-duty trucks are causing an increase in heavy-duty truck engine problems and a decrease in overall satisfaction with the powertrain, according to the JD Power and Associates 2012 US Heavy-Duty Truck Engine and Transmission Study. Overall Scores. Based on scale of 1,000).

Engine 268

Engine EPA Emissions 2011 268

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

The upside of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is widely seen as being improved fuel economy coupled with an increase in specific power (especially with turbocharging), enabling significant downsizing. A new study by a team at the University of Toronto has made a preliminary assessment of the climate trade-off (i.e.,

Climate 150

Climate Engine Carbon Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2019

In a paper in the journal Fuel , Li et al. applied partially premixed combustion mode to a direct-injection natural gas engine based on a 3D model coupled with a dual-fuel chemical kinetic mechanism (n-heptane/natural gas). Fuel , 250, 218-234 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.04.009. —Li et al. Zhang, Q., Shen, B., & Liu, X.

Gas 207

Gas Emissions Engine China 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2011

Inputs into the model include exhaust mass flow rate and temperature downstream of the catalytic converter, ORC component size and geometry. The evaporator was a shell-and-tube type design with exhaust gas passing through the tubes. Using the simplest ORC design (exhaust gas alone as the source of thermal input—i.e.,

Waste 220

Waste Light Ford Vehicles 220

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. A pilot simulation study of the Ricardo cryogenic split-cycle engine concept has predicted a thermal efficiency of 60%—significantly more fuel efficient than current engine technology.

Engine 249

Engine Fuel Vehicles Waste 249

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2012

A new report highlights the results of research work carried out by Ricardo and TRL on behalf of the UK Department for Transport, exploring the means by which improvements in diesel fuel efficiency could be realized within the rail network of Great Britain. Potential fuel economy benefit over baseline is 30% on the freight duty cycle.

Diesel 218

Diesel Gas Fuel Fuel Economy 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2013

Do they receive HOV access for their improved fuel economy and ultra low emissions? In fact in 6 of the states, diesel fuel is penalized with additional state taxes. So diesel fuel gets taxed twice or penalized twice at the federal and state level. TDI clean diesel represents almost 25% of Audi and Volkswagen US sales.

Diesel 366

Diesel Audi Sale Fuel Economy 366

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2014

Technical topics for this FOA—which span the range of DOE interests from fossil to nuclear to renewable and low-carbon energies—include two hydrogen- and fuel-cell-related topics: fuel cell-battery electric hybrid trucks and in-line quality control devices for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

2015 218

2015 Hydrogen Fuel Batteries 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2013

A study by Sage Kokjohn, Senior Engineer in Combustion Research at Cummins Inc., Rolf Reitz of the University of Wisconsin found that reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) ( earlier post ) in a light-duty engine can meet Tier 2 Bin 5 NO x levels without aftertreatment, while offering a 4% improvement in fuel consumption and 7.3%

Light 207

Light Engine Wisconsin Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2010

Reductions in fuel consumption and CO 2 from base 2.0-liter The intent is to enable aggressive yet near term downsizing and downspeeding of existing engine families, delivering proven CO reduction and fuel economy improvement, without the usual dynamic compromises that typically limit market acceptance.

Hybrid 210

Hybrid VRLA Downsizing Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2015

This direct measurement method is superior to existing sensors as it improves the control and diagnostics of after treatment systems, and enables both fuel economy and diagnostic improvements. Diesel trucks, for example, regenerate the filter by using some fuel to heat up the exhaust to high temperatures and burn the soot.

New York City 150

New York City MIT Clean Cleaning 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

l/100 km) combined, 47 mpg city and 46 mpg highway; the powertrain shares the transmission architecture with the 2016 Chevrolet Volt extended range electric vehicle (EREV), but includes changes to optimize the system for engine-driven charge-sustaining operation in the range of conditions represented by the US EPA 5 cycle fuel economy tests.

Malibu Hybrid 150

Malibu Hybrid 2016 Chevrolet Design 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2009

Researchers at the US Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory’s Center for Transportation Research have devised new variable combustion strategy for hydrogen-fueled engines using the Lab’s Modular Automotive Technology Testbed (MATT). However, the leaner combustion dramatically reduces the power output of the engine. 2008.07.099.

Hydrogen 150

Hydrogen Engine Fuel Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2015

Achates Power, the developer of a family of two-stroke compression-ignition opposed-piston engines ( earlier post ), has been selected by APRA-E under its OPEN 2015 solicitation ( earlier post ) for an award of more than $9 million to develop a multi-cylinder opposed piston engine operating with compression ignition that uses gasoline as the fuel.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Powered Power 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Electric school bus fleets with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capabilities are cost-effective with today’s technology, and could save schools money while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving public health, according to a new study by a team at the University of Delaware’s College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment (CEOE).

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Fleet Electrical Electric Climate Change 210