Green Car Congress

JULY 27, 2015

Researchers at Texas A&M have developed a two-step, one-pot conversion of CO 2 and epoxides (highly reactive compounds with a three-membered ring made of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom) to polycarbonate block copolymers that contain both water-soluble and hydrophobic regions and can aggregate into nanoparticles or micelles.

Conversion 150

Conversion CO2 Polymer Water 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

A team of researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have hit a new milestone in their development of a hybrid bioinorganic system for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. In the new system, solar energy is used to split the water molecule into molecular oxygen and hydrogen.

Solar 150

Solar Conversion Hybrid Hydrogen 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2015

Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to the sum total of water lost while the plant is growing, either from evaporation through the plant stem itself (a process called “transpiration”), or from water evaporated off of the plant’s leaves or the ground. —Hamilton et al.

Water 150

Water Climate Change Climate Environment 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2022

C–C coupling is a critical step of CO 2 fixation in constructing the carbon skeleton of value-added multicarbon products. Enzymes in this reaction pathway enable the carbons in CO and CH 3 to bond or “couple,” which then triggers another catalytic reaction that produces acetate as the final product.

Convert 243

Convert CO2 Carbon Water 243

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2014

For FY 2014, the Hydrogen Production sub-program continued to focus on developing technologies to enable the long-term viability of hydrogen as an energy carrier for a range of applications with a focus on hydrogen from low-carbon and renewable sources. L/L-reactor/day hydrogen production rate, a 12.5%

Hydrogen 225

Hydrogen Renewable Carbon Production 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2015

Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed an artificial photosynthetic scheme for the direct solar-powered production of value-added chemicals from CO 2 and water using a two-step process involving a biocompatible light-capturing nanowire array with a direct interface with microbial systems. —Liu et al. coli strain. —Liu et al.

Solar 150

Solar Water Hybrid CO2 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2016

Gates is joined in the round by Total, the global energy major which, after an initial investment in 2015, has expanded its investment and has additionally signed a licensing agreement with Renmatix for 1M tons of annual cellulosic sugar production capacity, at Total’s discretion to build corresponding facilities.

Companies 150

Companies Polymer Low Cost Conversion 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2015

The hydricity process entails integrating solar water power (SWP) cycle and solar thermal hydrogen production technologies and a turbine-based hydrogen power cycle with suitable improvements of each for compatibility and beneficial interaction. coproduced hydrogen has alternate usages in transportation/chemical/petrochemical industries.

Solar 150

Solar Production Energy Concept 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2015

per kilogram of hydrogen at German natural gas prices—without taking the market value of the solid black carbon byproduct of the process into consideration. The main by-product of methane cracking—solid black carbon—is also an increasingly important industrial commodity. The final design is a 1.2-meter-high

Cleaner 150

Cleaner Production Kits CO2 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2015

Currently, renewable hydrogen may be produced from water by electrolysis with either low efficiency alkaline electrolyzers that suffer 50–65% losses, or by more efficient acidic electrolyzers using expensive rare platinum group metal catalysts (Pt). 2 , equivalent to ~10% solar photoelectrical conversion efficiency. 100 mA cm ?2

Hydrogen 150

Hydrogen Conversion Water Solar 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2015

The Argonne National Laboratory’s Systems Assessment Group has released GREET 2015 models and associated reports. Bioethanol: introduced land-management practices of cover crops and manure applications for corn-soy systems for soil organic carbon simulations. Shale oil: developed energy and GHG emissions intensities of U.S.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Li-ion Fuel Economy Waste 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 3, 2016

Current biorefineries undervalue lignin’s potential, largely because selective conversion of lignin has proven to be challenging. Scaling this process and putting it into production alongside current biorefinery production facilities would significantly improve biomass conversion and improve the economics of biofuels and chemicals production.

Grant 150

Grant Market Washington Waste 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2015

Principal inputs are coal, water, non-carbon electricity, and make-up solvent. Schobert (2015) Click to enlarge. Indirect liquefaction processes gasify the coal to produce synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen). Although versatile, the approach also produces very high carbon dioxide emissions.

Coal 150

Coal Emissions Hydrogen Oil 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 27, 2015

Current topics of interest include: Biomass Conversion, Biofuels & Bioenergy. Closing date for applications is 20 October 2015. Fundamental research on innovative approaches that lead to the intensification of biofuel and bioenergy processes is an emphasis area of this program. Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Energy.

Nickel Metal Hydride 150

Nickel Metal Hydride Fuel Engine Production 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2015

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) awarded 2015 Climate Leadership Awards to 16 organizations and one individual representing a wide array of industries from finance and manufacturing to retail and technology for showing what the agency said was exemplary corporate, organizational, and individual leadership in response to climate change.

Climate 150

Climate Chevrolet San Diego EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2015

Further, the authors note, some 2D crystals are also promising for fuel cells and in water-splitting applications because of the large photocatalytic properties of their edges. Graphene, related 2D crystals, and hybrid systems might play a major role in future energy conversion and storage technologies. Ferrari, Rodney S.

Energy 150

Energy Lithium Ion Energy Storage Hydrogen 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2015

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has named General Motors as one of its 2015 ENERGY STAR Partners of the Year award for Sustained Excellence in Energy Management. It has reduced carbon dioxide emission intensity 41%. GM also received the ENERGY STAR Climate Communication s award. GM joined ENERGY STAR as a partner in 1995.

EPA 150

EPA GM Energy Climate 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2015

The system easily switches between hydrogen addition (>97% conversion) and release (>99% conversion) with superior capacity of 7.1 In this regard, a promising strategy is to add hydrogen to the unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbons that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. —Li et al.

Solar 150

Solar Hydrogen Fuel Conversion 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2015

The major challenges in the photo/electrochemical synthesis of alcohols from sunlight, water and CO 2 are low product selectivity, high membrane fuel-crossover losses, and the high cost of product separation from the electrolyte. The program’s first phase focused on solar H 2 generation, which was completed in September 2015.

Production 150

Production San Diego Solar 2015 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2017

Stuart Licht ( earlier post ) have developed a new process that transforms CO 2 into a controlled selection of nanotubes (CNTs) via molten electrolysis; they call the process C2CNT (CO2 into carbon nanotubes). Molten carbonate electrosynthesized boron-doped CNTs exhibit high electrical conductivity. —Ren et al. Licht (2017).

CO2 150

CO2 Carbon Gas-Electric 2017 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2015

According to their analysis, published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , favorable assumptions for all involved process steps (30% thermochemical energy conversion efficiency; 3000 kWh/(m 2 a) solar irradiation, low CO 2 and heliostat costs) result in jet fuel production costs of €1.28/L kg CO 2 ‐equiv /L. 5b03515.

Solar 150

Solar Fuel Renewable Production 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 8, 2014

To achieve this first objective, DOE intends to pursue parallel strategies: Advance options for diverse energy resources and conversion devices for power. DOE will continue to pursue carbon capture and storage technologies as well as nuclear power. By the end of FY 2015, achieve best in class solar photovoltaic (PV) systems at $1.85/watt

2014 225

2014 2018 Energy Climate Change 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2015

The dry reforming process differs from steam reforming, which combines CH 4 and water (H 2 O) in the form of steam to produce the syngas. Producing the steam is energy-intensive; dry reforming requires far less water, and hence avoids the energy burden of steam production. Milanov, A., Schunk, S. Behrens, A. and Schödel, N.

Fuel 150

Fuel Kits CO2 Production 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2015

This can be done, however, with a simple hot water-pretreatment rather than the acids or ionic liquids that current pre-treatment methods deploy. Harsh chemicals like acids and ionic liquids, unlike hot water, must be removed prior to fermentation so as not to harm the microbes. Biomass Biotech Cellulosic ethanol Synthetic Biology'

Engine 150

Engine Water Conversion 2015 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2009

Developing technologies for the conversion of biomass and coal-to-liquid fuels. By 2035, cellulosic ethanol and/or coal-and-biomass-to-liquid (CBTL) fuels with carbon capture and storage could replace about 15% of current fuel consumption in the transportation sector (1.7–2.5 emissions, according to the report. (The

Coal 150

Coal Conversion Light Future 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

The US Department of Energy (DOE) has selected two projects for continuation within the Department’s Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) Program research portfolio. In addition, eliminating the need for steam bottoming cycles, and the ability to keep fuel and air streams separate, significantly reduce water withdrawal.

Coal 150

Coal Low Cost 2007 2012 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2015

Watanabe and his team at the University of Tsukuba discovered the heterotrophic alga Aurantiochytrium 18W-13a strain (left) which very rapidly produces squalene (right) from organics in water. Distribution of products in carbon number from squalane hydrogenolysis over ruthenium supported on cerium oxide catalyst. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Convert Oil Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 5, 2012

The Green Dolphin concept design is a five-cargo-hold CSR (Common Structural Rules) double-hull bulk carrier that meets current and future expected air and water emissions regulations. Wash water holding tanks are also included. This reduction level will also be mandated within the Emission Control Areas (ECAs) by 2015.

2020 294

2020 Design Concept Fuel 294

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2015

Liming Dai have demonstrated that rationally designed, metal-free, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and their graphene composites exhibit significantly better long-term operational stabilities and comparable gravimetric power densities with respect to the best non-precious metal catalyst (NPMC) in acidic polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

Fuel 150

Fuel Carbon Polymer Low Cost 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2015

The EU NEMESIS 2+ project, which ran until June 2015, was coordinated by the German Aerospace Center (DLR). The efficiency of the process, from start to finish, is approximately 70%. Original project goals were 50 Nm 3 /h, or 4.5 kg/h with an efficiency >80%.) per kilogram of hydrogen (US$6.53).

Diesel 150

Diesel Hydrogen United Kingdom Greece 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2016

High conversion efficiency NO x after-treatment and particulate filters. Under CERC, 4 pairs of US and Chinese consortia are operating collaboratively on 4 technical tracks: Advanced Coal Technologies with Carbon Capture, Utilization and/or Sequestration. Energy and Water. Combustion control and optimization technology.

China 150

China Parts Chinese Obama 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2015

As the Science Editor notes, the net combustion reaction is simple to describe (oxygen reacts with hydrocarbons to form water and carbon dioxide) but the details are much more complicated. Thousands of chemical reactions are involved in the conversion of a fuel’s chemical energy into mechanical work in an automobile engine.

Engine 150

Engine Carbon Fuel Hydrogen 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2010

Gevo’s technology platform is high yielding, approaching 94% of the theoretically possible conversion of plant sugars to isobutanol, according to the filing. The straightforward conversion of isobutanol into butenes is a fundamentally important process that enables isobutanol to be used as a building block chemical in multiple markets.

Renewable 252

Renewable Fuel Companies Polymer 252

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2018

Startup Mattershift says it has achieved a breakthrough in making carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes at large scale. The paper is a characterization study of commercial prototype carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes consisting of sub–1.27-nm-diameter nm-diameter CNTs traversing a large-area nonporous polysulfone film.

Carbon 199

Carbon Fuel Polymer Austin 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

On the production side, options exist for improving technologies in terms of new feedstocks and conversion technologies as well as more efficient use of biomass. However very few studies include water use impacts. Methodologies to develop biodiversity quality indicators are still under discussion.

Conversion 150

Conversion Water Emissions 2009 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2015

Researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) report the development of the first complete, efficient, safe, integrated solar-driven system—an “artificial leaf”—for splitting water to produce hydrogen. μL s -1 and a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 8.6%

Solar 150

Solar Hydrogen Conversion Water 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 4, 2015

Reflecting both changes in the highly-competitive C-segment market and Toyota customer feedback, the 2015 Auris range features significant improvements in five key areas: Design; Sensory Quality; the Hybrid model; Safety; and, improving the model’s segment coverage by some 40%, Powertrains. 2015 Toyota 1.2T Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Toyota Gasoline-Electric 150