Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Even short periods of unhealthy ozone levels can cause local death rates to rise. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

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Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and Extraction and transport of fossil fuel. of oil and natural gas. for 2030 and beyond.

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Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said.

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Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

The California Energy Commission approved a $1-million grant to develop a 12-liter natural gas engine that produces near-zero nitrogen oxide (NO x ) tailpipe emissions. Cummins has a history of developing natural gas engines for heavy-duty application, and its engines are being used globally in a variety of commercial vehicles.

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Grant Gas Engine Energy 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

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North America Ozone Asia America 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

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Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon 262

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

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Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Transportation emissions declined 1.5 Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3

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2020 California Emissions 2018 221

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

After a critical review of the literature on the air impacts of increased natural gas acquisition, processing, and use, a team of US researchers has determined that that actual measurement data on various individual segments of the natural gas life cycle are sparse or critically lacking. well production end-of-life.

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Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. The major sources of methane in California are livestock (~30% of the state’s methane emissions), followed by landfills and oil and gas production.

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Pollution California Emissions Climate 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. When, Where and How can battery-electric vehicles help reduce greenhouse gas emissions? (in Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. —Romain Sacchi. —Romain Sacchi.

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Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

This despite evidence that suggests air pollution impacts from the transportation sector exceed those from greenhouse gases. … coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass). Thus to fully account for the complexity of changes to air pollution chemistry, emission changes should be used to drive a chemical transport model (CTM).

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Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal 281

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. Background. Click to enlarge.

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Climate Gas Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study. —Dalsøren et al.

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Emissions Global Ozone 2011 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 a global warming potential of 21. (The

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2007 2011 EPA Gas 285

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

States covered by the proposed Transport Rule. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. Click to enlarge.

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Pollution EPA Transportation DC 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2011

The California Air Resources Board on Thursday adopted the final greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cap-and-trade regulation. Compliance obligations for greenhouse gas emissions begins 1 January 2013. the second, starting in 2015, brings in distributors of transportation fuels, natural gas and other fuels.

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2012 California Climate Change Climate 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 million program that Governor Schwarzenegger approved in 2007 to spur technological innovation in the transportation sector. million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3

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Plug-in California Emissions Plug 225

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

The research, led by the International Council on Clean Transportation and Environmental Health Analytics, LLC., Heavy-duty vehicles, such as commercial trucks and buses, were by far the largest contributor worldwide, accounting for 76% of the total excess gas emissions. A paper on the work is published in the journal Nature.

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Diesel International Emissions Ozone 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

VOCs, primarily emitted from the tailpipes of vehicles, are a key ingredient in the formation of ground-level ozone which, at high levels, can harm people’s lungs and damage crops and other plants. —lead author Carsten Warneke, Ph.D., Warneke, C., de Gouw, J. Holloway, J.

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Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002 285

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

Widespread adoption of electric transportation, including electrification in the off-road sector, could lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and could modestly improve air quality, according to a new analysis released by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

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EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released. The AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. The draft version was released in February. Earlier post.).

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Climate Change Climate California Ozone 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

The California Air Resources Board released its proposed greenhouse gas cap-and-trade regulation. A key part of ARB’s AB 32 Scoping Plan ( earlier post ), the cap-and-trade program provides an overall limit on the emissions from sources responsible for 85% of California’s greenhouse gas emissions. Offset Protocols.

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2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2012

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) issued a grant solicitation for demonstration projects on zero-emission off-road equipment. Off-road equipment is a significant source of diesel PM, as well as NO x emissions that lead to ozone and secondary PM, ARB noted.

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Emissions Hydrogen Ozone Diesel 240

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

The California Air Resources Board released the draft proposed first update to the AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. Transportation. Background.

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Transportation Emissions California Ozone 273

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Quantifies non-natural increase of greenhouse effect gas concentration (CO 2 , N 2 O, CH 4 , refrigerants.) Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds.

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Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

The process involves swirling the gas with air as part of the power generation process. While it contains a great deal of hydrogen, it is less expensive and less flammable than pure hydrogen, making it safer to transport. Still, emission levels were higher than the Japanese environmental regulations for gas power turbines.

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Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global 308

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) are collaborating in the $20-million CalNex research project to examine the nexus between air pollution and climate change. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs.

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Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

Improving access to cleaner forms of transportation, like electrified public transport and active commuting by cycling and walking, would not only bring down NO 2 levels, but would also reduce asthma, enhance physical fitness, and cut greenhouse gas emissions. —Susan Anenberg.

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Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas 360

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

Unlike exhaust from burning coal and gas that contains CO 2 , burning hydrogen emits only water vapor and oxygen. Rather, it is the leaking of hydrogen from production, transportation and usage that adds to global warming. —Dr Sand Resources Sand, M., Sand et al. Hydrogen interacts with various biogeochemical processes.

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Hydrogen Global Ozone CO2 435

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Hydrous ethanol has been used in the United States as a transportation fuel for at least one hundred years. These distilleries made 192-proof alcohol for human consumption, lantern fuel and transportation fuel. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in the United States. This moonshine was hydrous ethanol. Pursuant to 40 CFR § 80.27(a)(2):

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Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2016

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) jointly released the finalized Phase 2 greenhouse gas and fuel efficiency standards for medium- and heavy-duty trucks. California to keep pushing for more stringent regulations.

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EPA Fuel Standards Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

These older systems used chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-12) as the refrigerant gas. These were shown to be ozone-depleting, however, and were targeted for phasing out under the 1987 Montreal Protocol. The switch the HFC-134a as the preferred replacement refrigerant was rapid.

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China Ozone Chinese United States 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2013

Having approval for such a high octane certification fuel would, the EPA proposed in the Tier 3 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: help manufacturers that wish to raise compression ratios to improve vehicle efficiency, as a step toward complying with the 2017 and later light-duty greenhouse gas and CAFE standards (2017 LD GHG). psi RVP and 7.8

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EPA Fuel Parts Gasoline 255

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. —Noelle Selin, co-author. —Thompson et al.

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MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. It is produced via a microbial process called denitrification, which converts nitrogen to nitrous oxide and an inert gas called dinitrogen. Beaulieu et al. PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1011464108. 1011464108.

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New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has published a discussion draft of a. The approach described is designed to meet simultaneously federal air quality standards; achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction targets; reduce petroleum consumption; and decrease health risk from transportation sources through 2030.

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Clean Cleaning Emissions Cleaner 150