Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

A fleet average nonfuel nonexhaust VOC emission factor of 58 ± 39 mg veh –1 km –1 was calculated for the missing source, which is greater than the total of all VOCs emitted from vehicle exhausts and their associated evaporative fuel losses. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,

Emissions 397

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone 397

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2018

They found that exposure to pollutants such as ground-level ozone and nitrogen oxides, which are created from burning fossil fuels, led to increased ED visits. ozone and sulfate) origin and cardiorespiratory emergency department (ED) visits for 8 specific outcomes in five U.S. nitrogen oxides) and secondary (e.g. —Krall et al.

Pollution 353

Pollution St. Louis Dallas Atlanta 353

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2016

A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. The monitoring methods can quickly and accurately detect ozone anomalies—localized spikes in ozone concentration indicated by sensor data.

Ozone 150

Ozone Saudi Arabia Pollution France 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

To comply with the 2010 NOX limit, on-highway heavy-duty engine manufacturers utilized a urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst in engine exhaust placed downstream of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF) used for particulate matter (PM) emissions control. g/hp-hr in 2010.

Diesel 296

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio 296

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2010

Marine engines are responsible for the emission of many tons of nitrogen oxide (NO x ), an ozone-forming compound, as well as particulate emissions (soot) into the New York airshed.

Diesel 218

Diesel Emissions Clean Cleaning 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Diesel 281

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline 281

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2013

Chevron agreed to pay the penalties as part of three separate settlements it reached with the California Air Resources Board (ARB). In California, motor vehicles are the main source of smog-forming pollution and diesel exhaust accounts for 70% of Californians’ daily exposure to air toxics. Chevron USA Inc. In all, 15.9

Chevron 230

Chevron California San Jose Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2010

The California Air Resources Board approved changes to an existing $28 million financial assistance program this week that will significantly help more California independent truckers qualify for the purchase of a cleaner-running vehicle. VIP is part of the state’s overall plan to cut toxic diesel emissions 85 percent by 2020.

California 186

California Diesel Emissions Cleaner 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. Earlier post.) Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES).

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has adopted new LEV III emissions regulations which go into effect in 2015, requiring automakers to further reduce evaporative emissions. This patented technology is applied directly onto the surface of a vehicle’s air intake box to adsorb engine hydrocarbons without increasing backpressure.

Emissions 207

Emissions Fuel Economy Ozone Conversion 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

The chemistry of a fuel impacts the emissions from an engine, with the most obvious example being unburned or partially burned fuel which is a major component of engine exhaust. Engine-out exhaust contains typically 1?3% via the unburned or partially burned fuel which is a major component of engine exhaust. —Hubbard et al.

Emissions 294

Emissions Ford Exhaust Fuel 294

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. L) and medium-duty (6.4 L/2002 calibration and 6.4

Pollution 231

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. All totaled, engine heat accounts for 26% of the fuel consumed, and exhaust heat accounts for another 24%.

Gas 257

Gas Climate Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent.

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released , for public review, a concept paper to initiate discussion on the development of a Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy. Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases.

Pollution 150

Pollution Climate Concept California 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

NO 2 is just one component of air pollution, which is made up of many pollutants (including particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide), which are known to have numerous adverse effects on health. NO 2 is a pollutant formed mainly from fossil fuel combustion, and traffic emissions can contribute up to 80% of ambient NO 2 in cities.

Pollution 360

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas 360

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2009

The California Air Resources Board has equipped two battery-powered electric vehicles to take ground level readings of greenhouse gases throughout the state. The zero-emission RAV 4s were given to ARB as part of a settlement agreement for air quality violations by Toyota.

Electric Vehicles 150

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Ozone Gas-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2011

HEI has funded more than 280 research projects in North America, Europe, Asia, and Latin America, the results of which have informed decisions regarding carbon monoxide, air toxics, nitrogen oxides, diesel exhaust, ozone, particulate matter, and other pollutants. Frank Kelly, H.

London 299

London Charging Pollution Diesel 299

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

The study, by a team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of Georgia, Aerodyne Research, California Air Resources Board (ARB), Ohio State University, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. —Saliba et al.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Fuel Economy Global 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2016

These technology examples, along with numerous cost-effective technological advances in exhaust after-treatment technologies, demonstrate that there are feasible approaches where GHG reductions and fuel efficiency do not have to be sacrificed to achieve greater NO x reductions. —EPA memorandum in response to petitions.

EPA 150

EPA Standards Ozone 2000 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2012

In a liquid phase, the organic materials would absorb other compounds such as ammonia or ozone very easily and then progress through a series of chemical changes (known as chemical aging) to form particles that reflect or absorb sunlight, or form clouds. The experiments at Harvard, using particles of ? In the atmosphere, the particles of ?-pinene

Climate 252

Climate Global Ozone Water 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) Emissions from normal operations include: natural gas engines and turbine uncombusted exhaust; bleed and discharge emissions from pneumatic devices; and fugitive emissions (leak) from system components.

2007 285

2007 2011 EPA Gas 285

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2016

The volunteers were exposed to ambient air or dilute diesel exhaust with a PM 2.5 and ozone on pulmonary circulation on the same day and over five and ten days. concentration of 300 μg/m 3 for two hours in a randomized, crossover study design. The population study showed a negative effect of PM 10 , PM 2.5 EuroEcho-Imaging 2016.

Pollution 150

Pollution 2016 Exhaust Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2009

The California Air Resources Board directed its staff to take steps to provide further locomotive and rail yard emission reductions beyond those achieved by existing US Environmental Protection Agency and state regulations and agreements. NO x helps create ground-level ozone, or smog. Source: Staff presentation.

Diesel 170

Diesel Emissions California 2007 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2013

Recently, researchers have produced a new zeolite that is surprisingly stable and makes very little nitrous oxide from nitric oxide, a chemical that depletes ozone. In addition, they produce as a byproduct the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (known to dental patients everywhere as laughing gas). Ja Hun Kwak, Jong H. Lee, Sarah D. 2013.03.078.

Li-ion 225

Li-ion Diesel 2013 Water 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Technologies such as cylinder deactivation (CDA), high efficiency variable geometry turbochargers with exhaust gas by-pass, and start-stop systems are only some of the commercially available fuel saving technologies that can be implemented by 2024.

Emissions 291

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010 291

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Exhaust from modern gasoline powered engines, despite higher ignition temperatures than those powered by diesel, can be effectively treated for NO along with NMVOC (and CO) using a three way catalytic (TWC) converter. Resources. 85% is modelled to be emitted by the passenger car fleet based on the COPERT model and TRACCS database.

Europe 150

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

MARPOL Annex VI sets limits on NO x and SO x emissions from ship exhaust, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances. Most recently MARPOL was amended through the “1997 Protocol,” which added Annex VI, Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships. Earlier post.). Findings and recommendations.

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Fuel Mariner 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2013

They accounted for both CO 2 emissions and emissions of ozone precursors (NO x , VOC, CO) and aerosols (BC or black carbon, OC, SO 2 ) as well as cloud effects (aviation-induced cirrus clouds and contrails)—i.e., In their study, Borken-Kleefeld et al. shorter-lived climate forcers (SLCFs). fuel consumption. —Borken-Kleefeld et al.

Climate 186

Climate Diesel Emissions Climate Change 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

California’s and, potentially, EPA’s move toward further heavy-duty NO x reductions to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone will be critical. The DOE should continue to explore how the United States might use its abundant petroleum, natural gas, and biofuel resources in the most efficient manner.

MPG 150

MPG Fuel 2009 Miles 150

Blink Charging

NOVEMBER 28, 2023

The World Resources Institute , a sustainability advocacy group, says at the end of the second quarter in 2023, there were just under 6,000 committed electric school buses in the United States. Many school districts use diesel buses for fuel efficiency, but even diesel exhaust was classified as a known carcinogen to humans in 2012.

Fleet 60

Fleet Electric Electrical United States 60

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Ozone 262

Ozone Climate Change Climate Carbon 262

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 and ozone deaths in 2015, broken out by subsector.

Ozone 230

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust 230

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 Cars and trucks account for over half of the emissions that contribute to ozone and particulate matter as well as about 30% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in California. million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3

Plug-in 225

Plug-in California Emissions Plug 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

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Emissions Diesel Ozone United States 286