Engine, Exhaust, Gas-Electric and Waste

Alfa Laval introduces E-PowerPack ORC waste heat recovery system for ships

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2022

Alfa Laval is introducing the E-PowerPack waste heat recovery system for ships. Able to convert waste heat directly into electrical power, the E-PowerPack uses Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology to reduce ship fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions. Basic ORC concept. All can make a sizeable difference.

Waste

Waste Mariner Gas-Electric Exhaust

Researchers developing free-piston linear generator for exhaust waste heat recovery

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2017

Researchers in China have developed a novel free-piston linear generator (FPLG) to recover exhaust waste heat efficiently from a vehicle engine. The FPLG can be used in a small-scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system and can directly convert the thermodynamic energy of working fluid into electricity. Prototype FPLG.

Exhaust

Exhaust Waste Conversion Engine

BorgWarner Exhaust Heat Recovery System for hybrids can improve fuel economy by up to 8.5%

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2018

Developed for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), BorgWarner’s innovative Exhaust Heat Recovery System (EHRS) can improve fuel economy by up to 8.5% Our EHRS minimizes engine heat up time, helping automakers around the globe meet new and more stringent regulations.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Exhaust Economy Hybrid

Yamaha and Sumitomo demo on-board thermoelectric generator for CO2 reduction

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2022

a Sumitomo Corporation Group company, jointly demonstrated a new waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generator (TEG), which generates electrical power via exhaust gas heat. The TEG unit was installed in the exhaust pipe at the downstream of the catalyst. With the TEG, 1.9% of CO 2 emissions (i.e.

CO2

CO2 Exhaust Waste Gas-Electric

Stena Line seeking novel approaches to recover energy from exhaust gases from ship engines

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2017

Stena Line is seeking novel, cost-effective approaches to recover energy from exhaust gases from ship engines and to transform it into a more useful energy form (e.g., electricity to supply hotel loads on board the ship). Currently, combustion engines onboard ships have an efficiency of 50% or less. Scale-up Potential.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Energy Mariner

ElectraTherm and Navy to demonstrate shipboard waste heat recovery

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2018

ElectraTherm, a leader in distributed, waste heat to power generation, is working with the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Creare, and the US Naval Academy (USNA) to demonstrate gas turbine waste heat recovery as part of a Small Business Innovation Research project. —Roger Hill, Lead Project Engineer at Creare.

Waste

Waste Exhaust Maryland Gas-Electric

Siemens researching thermoelectric waste heat recovery for lower grade exhaust; industrial and mobile application

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Siemens is researching technologies that would allow waste heat from vehicles and industrial facilities to be used efficiently. To date, exhaust gas has generally only been used if it was hundreds of degrees Celsius hot. Here, a prototype is being used to study the potential of recovering heat from a car’s exhaust.

Exhaust

Exhaust Waste Industrial Industry

New VW Golf now available to order with natural gas drive

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2020

The new VW Golf is now also available in certain markets with natural gas drive: the Golf TGI is equipped with a 1.5-liter liter four-cylinder engine with 96 kW / 130 PS and three natural gas fuel tanks. The tanks are integrated into the underbody and permit a range of around 400 kilometers (WLTP) in pure natural gas mode.

Gas

Gas Available Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric

MHI Develops Hybrid Turbocharger to Generate Electricity Utilizing Exhaust Gas from Marine Engines

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2010

(MHI) has developed a generator-integrated hybrid turbocharger for marine propulsion diesel engines which utilizes engine exhaust gas not only to drive the turbocharger but also to generate electricity. The MET83MAG is capable of supplying all electric power necessary during normal sea going.

Exhaust

Exhaust Mariner Gas-Electric Gas

PowerDriver simulations predict thermoelectric exhaust waste heat recovery output of 300W, -2.5% in fuel consumption; prototyping begins

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2013

The European Union-funded PowerDriver project—a two-year, €3-million (US$4-million) research project initiated in February 2012 to turn exhaust gas waste heat into electricity using thermoelectric generator (TGEN) technology—has completed simulation work on on a potential automotive application.

Exhaust

Exhaust Waste Land Rover Fuel

Cyclone and partner set up to expand production of WHE-25 waste heat engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

developer of the all-fuel, Cyclone external combustion engine, announced that its subsidiary Cyclone-WHE LLC and production partner Precision CNC LLC have signed a lease for a new manufacturing facility located in Lancaster, Ohio. The WHE is a self-starting Rankine cycle engine capable of using low to medium-temperature waste heat sources.

Waste

Waste Engine Production Ohio

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Their paper was presented at the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division 2012 Fall Technical Conference by Marcello Canova, assistant professor at OSU; lead author was Philipp Skarke, from the University of Stuttgart Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering. —Skarke et al.

Waste

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust

Audi introduces new CNG A3 Sportback

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2020

Audi is adding a new member to its A3 family: the A3 Sportback 30 g-tron natural gas vehicle. Operation with natural gas or biomethane makes the compact model economical and more climate-friendly with low emissions. TFSI engine produces 96 kW (131 PS) and generates 200 N·m (147.5 The A3 Sportback 30 g-tron 1.5

Audi

Audi Gas Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

BMW provides an update on waste heat recovery projects; Turbosteamer and the Thermoelectric Generator

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2011

Despite improvements in engine efficiency—e.g., Despite improvements in engine efficiency—e.g., Finding ways of recovering this lost heat energy has been one of the major goals being pursued by engineers working on BMW EfficientDynamics for the future.

Waste

Waste BMW Exhaust Gas-Electric

Enogia and IFPEN partner on waste heat recovery in stationary and transport applications

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2014

Start-up Enogia and IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN) are forming a strategic partnership for the joint development and marketing of a range of Rankine technologies to convert heat into electricity. The innovation is based on the use of highly efficient micro-turbines capable of producing 5 to 100 kW of electricity.

Waste

Waste Transportation Exhaust Gasoline-Electric

bp begins shipping LNG from Mozambique’s first LNG project and first FLNG platform

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2022

bp has successfully loaded the first LNG cargo from Mozambique’s offshore Coral Sul FLNG (floating liquefied natural gas) facility, the country’s first LNG project and first floating LNG facility deployed in the ultra-deep waters of the African continent. FLNG vessels are floating LNG production, storage and offloading units.

Mozambique

Mozambique Gas-Electric Gas Waste

Mitsubishi Heavy Completes First Unit of Latest Version of Waste Heat Recovery System for Marine Engines

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

(MHI) has completed its first unit of the STG (Super Turbo Generating) System, a marine-use, high-efficiency, combined power generation system that utilizes waste heat and the exhaust gas from diesel engines. Tags: Engines Ports and Marine Waste Heat Recovery. The STG System (Super Turbo Generating System).

Mariner

Mariner Waste Mitsubishi Engine

Tenneco/Gentherm showcasing prototype of thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery; targeting 5% fuel economy improvement

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2013

Tenneco and Gentherm (formerly BSST/Amerigon) are part of a US Department of Energy (DOE) consortium actively developing a thermoelectric generator (TEG) for capturing waste exhaust heat in vehicles and converting it to electrical energy to be used to power electrical systems within the vehicle.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Waste Economy Fuel

Volkswagen introduces new Coasting 2.0 micro hybrid system and new natural gas engine at Vienna Motor Symposium

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2017

At the 38 th Vienna Motor Symposium Volkswagen is introducing a new, more fuel-efficient “Coasting - Engine off” micro hybrid system—which shuts off the engine completely—as well as a new, compact three-cylinder natural gas engine for the Polo. Coasting - Engine off. liters/100 km. New e-Golf.

Gas

Gas Engine Motor Motors

Cyclone Power Technologies receives patent on Waste Heat Engine; product launch slated for later this year

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2011

Cyclone Power Technologies, developer of the external combustion Cyclone Engine, announced that the US Patent and Trademark Office has allowed the company a patent on its scalable waste energy recycling engine known as the WHE (Waste Heat Engine). Earlier post.)

Waste

Waste Phoenix Engine Power

Alphabet Energy introduces PowerModules for modular thermoelectric waste heat recovery; partnership with Borla for heavy-duty trucks

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2015

The company also announced it will partner with Borla jointly to develop and to commercialize a next-generation-exhaust system incorporating PowerModules, with the goal of delivering significant fuel savings for commercial fleet truck fleets. —saving 52,500 liters of diesel fuel per year, per engine.

Waste

Waste Energy Exhaust 2014

First reference installation of Opcon Waste Heat Recovery technology for ships; potential for 5–10% fuel savings

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2012

Opcon, in collaboration with Wallenius Marine, recently completed the first reference installation of its Waste Heat Recovery technology for ocean-going vessels in a project supported by the Swedish Energy Agency. The Opcon systems generate electricity from low-value waste heat in the vessel’s steam and cooling system.

Waste

Waste Installation Mariner Fuel

Ford study shows Rankine waste heat recovery system on a light-duty vehicle could almost meet full vehicle accessory load on highway cycle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2011

However, in city driving, the ORC system would supply about half of the accessory load requirement for a conventional engine, and only about one-third of the load requirement for a hybrid powertrain, due to the frequent engine off condition, according to the results presented by Quazi Hussain.

Waste

Waste Light Ford Vehicles

CPT launching water-cooled electric supercharger for commercial diesel engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2012

Cobra electric supercharger. At the 17 th Supercharging conference this week in Dresden, Controlled Power Technologies (CPT) will launch what it says is the first water-cooled electric supercharger developed for “quasi-continuous” boosting of commercial diesel engines, including those developed for off highway applications.

Water

Water Commercial Engine Diesel

Ricardo forms company to commercialize cryogenic split-cycle engine: CryoPower

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2018

Ricardo has created a company—Dolphin N2 Ltd—to commercialize its CryoPower cryogenic split-cycle engine technology ( earlier post , earlier post.) CryoPower is based on the use of a separate induction and compression cylinder from that used for combustion and exhaust. It is thus readily available.

Commercial

Commercial Engine Companies Fuel

Santa Monica signs 5-year deal with Clean Energy for renewable LNG for bus fleet; deploying CWI Near-Zero NOx engine

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2016

The City of Santa Monica, California has awarded Clean Energy a multi-year liquefied natural gas (LNG) contract to fuel its Big Blue Bus (BBB) fleet of vehicles. ARB has defined this certified Near Zero NO x emission level as equivalent to a 100% battery truck using electricity from a modern combined cycle natural gas power plant.

Clean

Clean Cleaning Renewable Fleet

First electric Volvo trucks delivered to customers

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2019

Volvo Trucks delivered its first all-electric vehicles on 19 February: a refuse truck to waste and recycling company Renova, and a distribution truck to the logistics company DB Schenker and partner haulier TGM, operating in Sweden. We will continue to develop our electrified offering. —Roger Alm, President Volvo Trucks.

Volvo

Volvo Electric Electrical Sweden

Eaton contributing to ZET Coalition clean air initiative with lineup of emission-reducing and electric vehicle technologies

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2020

Eaton’s new 4-speed transmission for heavy-duty electric commercial vehicles is the latest addition to its growing eMobility portfolio of electrified vehicle (EV) transmissions. Eaton has partnered with CALSTART to provide the heavy-duty truck market with a suite of emission-reducing and electric vehicle technologies.

Eaton

Eaton Clean Cleaning Emissions

HeatReCar project demonstrates technical feasibility of thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery; economic case more difficult

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2014

A recently completed European project coordinated by Centro Ricerche Fiat (CRF) demonstrated the technical feasibility of a Bi 2 Te 3 -based thermoelectric generator (TEG) for waste heat recovery for application to a diesel light-duty truck (LDT). Spark plasma sintering uses an electric current to heat the sample and to activate sintering.

Waste

Waste Cheap MPH Gasoline-Electric

Eaton contributing several components to DOE SuperTruck II program

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2019

SuperTruck II is a partnership between the DOE, truck manufacturers and equipment suppliers seeking to improve freight efficiency to more than 100% over an equivalent 2009 model, and to improve engine brake thermal efficiency performance to 55% or greater.

Eaton

Eaton Fuel Economy Exhaust Economy

Mercedes-AMG 2L, turbo four-cylinder pushes out up to 421 hp, 500 Nm

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2019

liter M 139 engine is the world’s most powerful turbocharged four-cylinder engine in series production. With this engine, Mercedes-AMG has even exceeded the previously most powerful M 133 by 30 kW (41 hp). The increasing torque at higher rpm makes the engine more free-revving. 180-degree rotation. Turbocharger.

Mercedes

Mercedes Exhaust Oil-Sands Engine

DOE issues $10M incubator FOA for batteries, power electronics, engines, materials, fuels and lubricants

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2014

in electric vehicles (PEVs). Advanced Power Electronics and Electric Motors for Electric Traction Drives. The components to enable electric drive vehicles must be more affordable. Electric drive components must be reliable and provide long vehicle service equal to or better than conventional petroleum powered vehicles.

Carbon Fiber

Carbon Fiber Engine Battery Powered Fuel

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The Ricardo-led Advanced Diesel Electric Powertrain (ADEPT) project will apply 48V “intelligent electrification” concepts, mild hybridization and waste heat recovery in a Ford Focus diesel demonstrator. In 2011, the HyBoost team reported that the HyBoost demonstrator was achieving comparable performance to the conventional 2.0L

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline

Toyota introducing new series of gasoline engines with gain of at least 10% fuel efficiency; up to 38% maximum thermal efficiency

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

Atkinson cycle engine can reach a thermal efficiency of 38%. Toyota Motor Corporation has developed a new series of fuel-efficient gasoline engines that achieve improved thermal efficiency. In developing the new engines, Toyota focused on four key areas: rapid combustion; a higher compression ratio; reduced pumping losses (e.g.,

Gasoline

Gasoline Toyota Engine Fuel

DOE awards $1.5M to Gentherm (Amerigon) for thermoelectric-based energy recovery system for heavy-duty vehicles; expands existing LDV program

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2012

The TEG technology, which converts waste heat from gas exhaust into electric energy and has the potential to improve passenger car fuel efficiency by as much as 5%. TEG & Exhaust System in Lincoln MKT. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has awarded Gentherm (formerly Amerigon) a $1.55-million Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Energy Waste Vehicles

Optimizing a CNG-Fueled Spark Injection Engine for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2010

Since the end of 2006, Opel, Robert Bosch, IVK and FKFS have been working on a natural gas hybrid vehicle in a project supported by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and technology. Active-WG control is used for improvements at all engine speeds (< 5500 rpm). By adding an exhaust gas turbocharger to the base 1.0L

Engine

Engine Hybrid Fuel Exhaust

Daimler Trucks NA SuperTruck achieves 115% freight efficiency improvement over 2009 baseline; 50.2% engine BTE

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2015

Testing was also conducted at the DTNA Detroit engineering facility to demonstrate engine efficiency by achieving 50.2% engine brake thermal efficiency. liter engine, a hybrid system, a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) system, along with a number of other upgrades. mpg (19.26

2009

2009 Engine Detroit Oregon

GE, INL Researchers Collaborate on Waste Heat Recovery Research

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2009

Researchers from Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and GE Global Research are collaborating on a two-year, public-private partnership project designed to optimize an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) process to convert low-temperature waste heat (below 500 °) from gas turbine or reciprocating engine exhaust to produce electricity.

Waste

Waste Idaho Exhaust Concept

UW-Madison engineer collaborating with entrepreneur on 6-cycle, external combustion engine; could be up to 30% more efficient than standard diesel

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2011

Among the engine’s potential applications are power washers, electric generators, lawn equipment, welders, marine propulsion and possibly some hybrid vehicles. The engine incorporates a modified Brayton cycle ( earlier post ) into a continuous combustion engine system. —Timothy Shedd.

Engine

Engine Diesel Standards Exhaust

US Air Force Office of Scientific Research Makes Two Awards for Thermoelectric Waste Heat Recovery Technology

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2009

The US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) has recently made two awards to researchers to support multi-year projects on the development of thermoelectric (TE) waste heat recovery technologies. Such devices can recover some of the energy embedded in waste heat, such as that produced by exhaust gas from an engine.

Waste

Waste Tulsa Polymer Grant

BMW Outlines Intelligent Heat Management Applications for Reducing Fuel Consumption and CO2; New Thermoelectric Generator Unit Integrated with EGR

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2009

Among the projects discussed were reducing cold starts; using waste heat for different heating applications in the car; and a new implementation of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) for waste heat recovery. Encapsulating the engine for heat retention. Click to enlarge. No more cold starts.

BMW

BMW Fuel Exhaust CO2

Capstone Turbine releases ultra low emission CR200 kW certified to ARB requirements for landfill gas applications

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 5, 2010

Capstone Turbine Corporation released the CR200 Low Btu microturbine product; landfill gas applications are a key market for the Capstone CR200 200 kW. Capstone microturbines are capable of burning waste gases with methane contents as low as 30%, which can be challenging for competing combustion technologies.

Gas

Gas Emissions Waste Exhaust

MAN shows TGX parallel diesel hybrid truck concept, previews CNG in TGM trucks at IAA; gearbox cooperation with Scania

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2014

At the IAA, MAN (part of the Volkswagen Group) presented a concept diesel-electric parallel hybrid version of its long-haul TGX truck. MAN showed the Metropolis research truck, a range-extended electric refuse collection truck developed in collaboration with Benteler Engineering Services for use in the city, at IAA 2012, earlier post.)

Diesel

Diesel Concept Hybrid Gas-Electric

GM details 2016 Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid powertrain design and operation

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

l/100 km) combined, 47 mpg city and 46 mpg highway; the powertrain shares the transmission architecture with the 2016 Chevrolet Volt extended range electric vehicle (EREV), but includes changes to optimize the system for engine-driven charge-sustaining operation in the range of conditions represented by the US EPA 5 cycle fuel economy tests.

Malibu Hybrid

Malibu Hybrid 2016 Chevrolet Design

Alfa Laval introduces E-PowerPack ORC waste heat recovery system for ships

Researchers developing free-piston linear generator for exhaust waste heat recovery

BorgWarner Exhaust Heat Recovery System for hybrids can improve fuel economy by up to 8.5%

Yamaha and Sumitomo demo on-board thermoelectric generator for CO2 reduction

Stena Line seeking novel approaches to recover energy from exhaust gases from ship engines

ElectraTherm and Navy to demonstrate shipboard waste heat recovery

Siemens researching thermoelectric waste heat recovery for lower grade exhaust; industrial and mobile application

New VW Golf now available to order with natural gas drive

MHI Develops Hybrid Turbocharger to Generate Electricity Utilizing Exhaust Gas from Marine Engines

PowerDriver simulations predict thermoelectric exhaust waste heat recovery output of 300W, -2.5% in fuel consumption; prototyping begins

Cyclone and partner set up to expand production of WHE-25 waste heat engines

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Audi introduces new CNG A3 Sportback

BMW provides an update on waste heat recovery projects; Turbosteamer and the Thermoelectric Generator

Enogia and IFPEN partner on waste heat recovery in stationary and transport applications

bp begins shipping LNG from Mozambique’s first LNG project and first FLNG platform

Mitsubishi Heavy Completes First Unit of Latest Version of Waste Heat Recovery System for Marine Engines

Tenneco/Gentherm showcasing prototype of thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery; targeting 5% fuel economy improvement

Volkswagen introduces new Coasting 2.0 micro hybrid system and new natural gas engine at Vienna Motor Symposium

Cyclone Power Technologies receives patent on Waste Heat Engine; product launch slated for later this year

Alphabet Energy introduces PowerModules for modular thermoelectric waste heat recovery; partnership with Borla for heavy-duty trucks

First reference installation of Opcon Waste Heat Recovery technology for ships; potential for 5–10% fuel savings

Ford study shows Rankine waste heat recovery system on a light-duty vehicle could almost meet full vehicle accessory load on highway cycle

CPT launching water-cooled electric supercharger for commercial diesel engines

Ricardo forms company to commercialize cryogenic split-cycle engine: CryoPower

Santa Monica signs 5-year deal with Clean Energy for renewable LNG for bus fleet; deploying CWI Near-Zero NOx engine

First electric Volvo trucks delivered to customers

Eaton contributing to ZET Coalition clean air initiative with lineup of emission-reducing and electric vehicle technologies

HeatReCar project demonstrates technical feasibility of thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery; economic case more difficult

Eaton contributing several components to DOE SuperTruck II program

Mercedes-AMG 2L, turbo four-cylinder pushes out up to 421 hp, 500 Nm

DOE issues $10M incubator FOA for batteries, power electronics, engines, materials, fuels and lubricants

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

Toyota introducing new series of gasoline engines with gain of at least 10% fuel efficiency; up to 38% maximum thermal efficiency

DOE awards $1.5M to Gentherm (Amerigon) for thermoelectric-based energy recovery system for heavy-duty vehicles; expands existing LDV program

Optimizing a CNG-Fueled Spark Injection Engine for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

Daimler Trucks NA SuperTruck achieves 115% freight efficiency improvement over 2009 baseline; 50.2% engine BTE

GE, INL Researchers Collaborate on Waste Heat Recovery Research

UW-Madison engineer collaborating with entrepreneur on 6-cycle, external combustion engine; could be up to 30% more efficient than standard diesel

US Air Force Office of Scientific Research Makes Two Awards for Thermoelectric Waste Heat Recovery Technology

BMW Outlines Intelligent Heat Management Applications for Reducing Fuel Consumption and CO2; New Thermoelectric Generator Unit Integrated with EGR

Capstone Turbine releases ultra low emission CR200 kW certified to ARB requirements for landfill gas applications

MAN shows TGX parallel diesel hybrid truck concept, previews CNG in TGM trucks at IAA; gearbox cooperation with Scania

GM details 2016 Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid powertrain design and operation

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