Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. Production cost of JP8 less than $3.00/gallon. Water consumption less than 235 kg/barrel. Capital cost less than $15,000/daily barrel.

Coal 257

Coal Water Transportation Fuel 257

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2011

A new study led by Praveen Kumar at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, details the links between the hydrologic cycle and large-scale land conversion for the cultivation of bioenergy crops, both now and as growing conditions change in the future. —Phong et al. —Praveen Kumar.

Water 218

Water Climate Change Conversion Climate 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

We present dynamometer test results and emission models from fully aged aftertreatment systems installed on heavy-duty on-road engines to offer several compliance paths that are technologically and economically achievable by model year (MY) 2024 without significant changes to today’s engines or aftertreatment.

Emissions 291

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010 291

Baua Electric

MAY 10, 2024

Leveraging biomass presents a potential avenue to contribute to the global objective of achieving a carbon-neutral human society. While solar and wind provide carbon-free electricity or H 2 through water splitting, they lack the ability to directly produce carbon-based fuels and chemicals without additional carbon sources.

Fuel 52

Fuel Auto Oil Conversion 52

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2015

Currently, renewable hydrogen may be produced from water by electrolysis with either low efficiency alkaline electrolyzers that suffer 50–65% losses, or by more efficient acidic electrolyzers using expensive rare platinum group metal catalysts (Pt). 2 , equivalent to ~10% solar photoelectrical conversion efficiency. 100 mA cm ?2

Hydrogen 150

Hydrogen Conversion Water Solar 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

This, in turn, could lower the production cost of cellulosic biofuels and chemicals. For corn stover, they have achieved conversion rates that are twice those of controls, Atalla said. We believe our finding will have a major impact on the economics of cellulose to biofuels conversions. Rajai Atalla.

Conversion 230

Conversion 2010 Water Cost Of 230

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2009

A crude oil price of US$100/bbl results in an approximate cost of €0.56/L The pyrolysis oil is mixed with pyrolysis coke from the process to create a biocrude slurry for transport and subsequent gasification to syngas and subsequent catalytic conversion to chemicals and/or fuels. With ±30% estimate error, this is between €0.56

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Motor Motors Motoring 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2014

Increasing the nation’s capacity to produce better bioenergy crops will help to alleviate many of the challenges presently faced by current biofuel feedstock. Increased information and analytics could improve crop yields to help lower the cost of biofuel production. ARPA-E Biomass Biotech Power Generation Water'

Power 258

Power Powered Water Waste 258

Green Car Congress

MARCH 21, 2013

The new approach, described in an open access paper in the journal Biotechnology for Biofuels , potentially could significantly reduce costs of sugar production from lignocellulose by eliminating the need for costly enzymes and decreasing the water consumption requirements. Significantly reduced volume of water (.

Molten Salt 244

Molten Salt Water Sodium Conversion 244

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2019

The report presents dynamometer test results and emission models from fully aged aftertreatment systems installed on heavy-duty on-road engines to offer several compliance paths that are achievable by model year 2024 without significant changes to today’s engines or aftertreatment systems. The cost of controlling NO x to 0.05

Standards 191

Standards Diesel 2019 Emissions 191

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2023

The new PNNL carbon capture and conversion system brings the cost to capture CO 2 down to about $39 per metric ton. This is the first known demonstration of integrated low-temperature thermocatalytic capture and conversion of CO 2 to methanol in an economically viable CO 2 capture solvent. gal ($470/metric ton), is presented.

Conversion 210

Conversion Carbon Cleaner CO2 210

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2012

At last month’s World Renewable Energy Forum 2012 in Denver, Colorado, researchers from the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory presented papers on two different approaches to upgrade pyrolysis oils to hydrocarbon fuels or fuel intermediates. Woody biomass gave up to 36% carbon conversion to pure hydrocarbons at optimum conditions.

Oil 246

Oil Fuel Hydrogen Conversion 246

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2015

According to their analysis, published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , favorable assumptions for all involved process steps (30% thermochemical energy conversion efficiency; 3000 kWh/(m 2 a) solar irradiation, low CO 2 and heliostat costs) result in jet fuel production costs of €1.28/L kg CO 2 ‐equiv /L.

Solar 150

Solar Fuel Renewable Production 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2014

The need for bringing down the costs of captured CO 2 and stimulating its potential uses, among them methanol production. The report’s authors presented four policy options: (1) market-driven approach; (2) regulatory push for carbon capture and utilization; (3) “methanol islands”; and (4) scenario-driven transition strategies.

Transportation 244

Transportation CO2 Carbon Hydrogen 244

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2010

Researchers at Columbia University’s Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, in collaboration with Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, DTU, are investigating the high-temperature co-electrolysis of CO 2 and H 2 O using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) to produce a syngas for conversion into liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

Fuel 255

Fuel CO2 Production Conversion 255

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2011

The team also suggested that algae systems can be either net energy positive or negative depending on the specific combination of cultivation and conversion processes used. environmental burdens (net energy use, water use, and GHG) per VKT. Earlier post.) Earlier post.) Arrow widths are proportional to mass flows. to 4.10.

Transportation 278

Transportation Energy Conversion Water 278

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2010

The new catalyst is applied in a hybrid photocatalytic-electrolysis system that uses the photocatalytic reaction converting solar energy to lower the electrolysis voltage required for the hydrogen production by water electrolysis. Potential diagram of various reaction mechanisms for hydrogen production via water decomposition. (a)

Hydrogen 259

Hydrogen Hybrid Production Solar 259

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2014

Their quantitative lifecycle assessment of the environmental merits of liquid hydrocarbon fuels produced from CO 2 , water and energy compared to alternative fuel production routes is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. —van der Giesen et al. Credit: ACS, van der Giesen et al.

Fuel 236

Fuel Energy Solar CO2 236

Cars That Think

AUGUST 3, 2022

Using concentrated solar energy, they were able to produce kerosene from water vapor and carbon dioxide directly from air. Syngas is produced by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis , in which chemical reactions convert carbon monoxide and water vapor into hydrocarbons. Finally, the syngas is processed to kerosene in the gas-to-liquid unit.

Solar 102

Solar Fuel Water Carbon 102

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2016

Researchers with the US Department of Energy (DOE)’s Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) have developed a “high-gravity” one-pot process for producing ethanol from cellulosic biomass that gives unprecedented yields while minimizing water use and waste disposal. —Seema Singh. —Blake Simmons. Feng Xu, Jian Sun, N. Scown, Blake A.

Fuel 150

Fuel Waste Water Conversion 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2015

The hydrogen from electrolysis and CO 2 , delivered by a pipeline, are fed to a plant where the gases are converted in a reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reactor to syngas (H 2 and CO). The multi-stage process uses renewable power to produce hydrogen using a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. —König et al. König et al.

Power 150

Power Powered Hydrogen Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

In 2011, China contributed 29% of world carbon dioxide emissions and therefore the country has a significant potential to influence the present and future global energy situation. These data were then used as inputs to a techno-economic model using AspenPlus to determine the production cost of bioethanol from bamboo in China.

Gasoline 351

Gasoline China Tax London 351

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2020

This project will scale up the process from the presently demonstrated proof-of-concept scale to an intermediate scale, thus demonstrating viability for further fusion-relevant scaleup. These innovations could reduce the cost of HTS conductors by a factor of 30. Present RAFM steels are incapable of operating at above ~550 °C (1020 °F).

Fusion 249

Fusion Energy San Diego Los Angeles 249

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2014

The objective of the Hydrogen Production sub-program is to reduce the cost of hydrogen dispensed at the pump to a cost that is competitive on a cents-per-mile basis with competing vehicle technologies. Based on current analysis, this translates to a hydrogen threshold cost of. Source: DOE. Click to enlarge.

Hydrogen 225

Hydrogen Renewable Carbon Production 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2012

One way to lower the cost of solar power is to dramatically reduce the thickness of light-absorbing layers in solar cells. Splitting Water at High Temperatures. Most solar-driven water-splitting experiments are conducted at room temperature. Reliability vs. Cost Tradeoffs in California Renewable Energy Investments.

Energy 239

Energy Vehicles Power Powered 239

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2016

Researchers from George Washington University and Vanderbilt University have demonstrated the conversion of atmospheric CO 2 into carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as high-performance anodes in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Earlier post.) —Licht et al.

Li-ion 150

Li-ion Carbon Convert Sodium 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2010

The 27 projects range from concept studies and component design research to prototype development and in-water device testing. The goal is to develop an optimal generator for current energy conversion. The project will assess the cost of manufacturing these systems at various scales. DOE Funding: $160,000. DOE Funding: $160,000.

Mariner 210

Mariner Energy Alaska New Jersey 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2023

The ORR is the chemical reaction in the process that converts hydrogen and oxygen into water and electricity in a fuel cell and it limits the efficiency of the process. However, for wide scale adoption, improvements in the efficiency of hydrogen-to-electricity conversion are required.

BMW 195

BMW Fuel Hydrogen Future 195

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2010

Pyrolysis bio-oils are produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in the absence of oxygen at more than 500 °C; fast pyrolysis of biomass is much less expensive than biomass conversion technologies based on gasification or fermentation processes. Credit: Science , Vispute et al. Click to enlarge.

Oil 225

Oil Convert Hydrogen Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2010

Moreover, it points out obstacles described in the studies presented and discusses perspectives in the application of ionic liquids to the conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates. Ionic liquids, water, carbohydrates, a catalyst, etc. The direct conversion of raw biomass that must be investigated more extensively.

Renewable 199

Renewable Fuel Production Conversion 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2013

Whereas high temperature operation typically results in reversible conversation of H 2 and O 2 to water or complete oxidation of CH 4 to H 2 and CO 2 , intermediate temperatures could enable partial oxidation of CH 4 to CH 3 OH or the formation of carbon-carbon bonds to make other liquid fuels or higher value chemicals. Earlier post.).

Fuel 231

Fuel Power Powered Gas-Electric 231

EV Connect

NOVEMBER 30, 2020

Deloitte forecasts that by 2022, the costs of ownership for EVs will be comparable to their combustion-engine counterparts. Last year saw the first full conversion of a gas station into an electric charging station in the U.S. This likely means continued growth of the fully electric market — and its charging network along with it.

Industrial 52

Industrial Industry Charging 2019 52

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The 1979 Iranian crisis and related oil price shock accelerated Brazil’s conversion of its gasoline supply and automobile fleet. The growth in hydrous ethanol, which uses a blend of 94-95% ethanol to 5-6% water, rapidly increased during the 1980s, with consumption peaking in 1989.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2010

Algae cultures tend to be relatively dilute, and the energy requirement to remove water from the cultures can be a significant portion of the energy balance. saline water). saline water). Film capacitors present an option for use as high voltage bus capacitors. Wind Technologies.

Fuel 210

Fuel Motor Motors Motoring 210

My Electric Car

AUGUST 21, 2020

The only by products are water and a fair degree of heat, the latter indicating a degree of inefficiency and wasted energy. Second, while hydrogen can be otherwise produced through the electrolysis of water, this process requires huge amounts of clean and fresh water – a vital and highly valuable commodity of life that can’t be wasted.

Hydrogen 52

Hydrogen Petrol Gas-Electric Lithium Ion 52

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2023

Different photocatalysts can be used, for example, to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, but climate-neutral fuels can also be produced from water and carbon dioxide, says Paul Kant from the Institute of Microprocess Engineering (IMVT) of KIT. On the other hand, a photoreactor must be present—i.e. Kant et al.

Low Cost 221

Low Cost Kits Solar Design 221

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

There is significant potential for improvement in agriculture, particularly given the historic advances made with genetic modification (GM) of crops to obtain desired characteristics, increase yield and reduce harvesting and processing costs. The biggest challenge is in the deconstruction stage, with high costs for pretreatment and enzymes.

Transportation 262

Transportation Supplies Emissions Fuel 262